Diversity and dynamism in the cerebellum

Nature Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 24(2), С. 160 - 167

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Effects of urban living environments on mental health in adults

Nature Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(6), С. 1456 - 1467

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2023

Abstract Urban-living individuals are exposed to many environmental factors that may combine and interact influence mental health. While individual of an urban environment have been investigated in isolation, no attempt has made model how complex, real-life exposure living the city relates brain health, this is moderated by genetic factors. Using data 156,075 participants from UK Biobank, we carried out sparse canonical correlation analyses investigate relationships between environments psychiatric symptoms. We found profile social deprivation, air pollution, street network land-use density was positively correlated with affective symptom group ( r = 0.22, P perm < 0.001), mediated volume differences consistent reward processing, genes enriched for stress response, including CRHR1 , explaining 2.01% variance differences. Protective such as greenness generous destination accessibility were negatively anxiety 0.10, regions necessary emotion regulation EXD3 1.65% variance. The third emotional instability 0.03, 0.001). Our findings suggest different profiles specific groups through distinct neurobiological pathways.

Язык: Английский

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Neuronal circuitry for recognition memory of object and place in rodent models

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 141, С. 104855 - 104855

Опубликована: Сен. 8, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Interactions between sensory prediction error and task error during implicit motor learning

PLoS Computational Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 18(3), С. e1010005 - e1010005

Опубликована: Март 23, 2022

Implicit motor recalibration allows us to flexibly move in novel and changing environments. Conventionally, implicit is thought be driven by errors predicting the sensory outcome of movement (i.e., prediction errors). However, recent studies have shown that also influenced achieving goal task Exactly how interact drive and, particular, whether alone might sufficient remain unknown. To test this, we induced absence displacing target mid-movement. We found failed induce recalibration. In additional experiments, simultaneously varied size errors. could continuously modulated errors, revealing an unappreciated dependency between these two sources error. Moreover, was attenuated when simply flickered its original location, even though this manipulation did not affect error - effect likely attributed attention being directed away from feedback cursor. Taken as a whole, results were accounted for computational model which attention, determine extent

Язык: Английский

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Reward signals in the cerebellum: Origins, targets, and functional implications

Neuron, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 110(8), С. 1290 - 1303

Опубликована: Март 23, 2022

Язык: Английский

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The interpretation of computational model parameters depends on the context

eLife, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11

Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2022

Reinforcement Learning (RL) models have revolutionized the cognitive and brain sciences, promising to explain behavior from simple conditioning complex problem solving, shed light on developmental individual differences, anchor processes in specific mechanisms. However, RL literature increasingly reveals contradictory results, which might cast doubt these claims. We hypothesized that many contradictions arise two commonly-held assumptions about computational model parameters are actually often invalid: That generalize between contexts (e.g. tasks, models) they capture interpretable (i.e. unique, distinctive) neurocognitive processes. To test this, we asked 291 participants aged 8–30 years complete three learning tasks one experimental session, fitted each. found some (exploration / decision noise) showed significant generalization: followed similar trajectories, were reciprocally predictive tasks. Still, generalization was significantly below methodological ceiling. Furthermore, other (learning rates, forgetting) did not show evidence of generalization, sometimes even opposite trajectories. Interpretability low for all parameters. conclude systematic study context factors reward stochasticity; task volatility) will be necessary enhance generalizability interpretability models.

Язык: Английский

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Bidirectional learning in upbound and downbound microzones of the cerebellum

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 22(2), С. 92 - 110

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2020

Язык: Английский

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What do reinforcement learning models measure? Interpreting model parameters in cognition and neuroscience

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 41, С. 128 - 137

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2021

Язык: Английский

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VTA-projecting cerebellar neurons mediate stress-dependent depression-like behaviors

eLife, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2022

Although cerebellar alterations have been implicated in stress symptoms, the exact contribution of cerebellum to symptoms remains be elucidated. Here, we demonstrated crucial role neurons projecting ventral tegmental area (VTA) development chronic stress-induced behavioral mice. Chronic chemogenetic activation inhibitory Purkinje cells crus I suppressed c-Fos expression DN and an increase immobility tail suspension test or forced swimming test, which were triggered by application. The combination adeno-associated virus-based circuit mapping electrophysiological recording identified network connections from VTA via dentate nucleus (DN) deep nuclei. Furthermore, inhibition specific that project prevented stressed mice showing such depression-like behavior, whereas these alone changes comparable with behaviors Our results indicate VTA-projecting proactively regulate raising possibility may effective target for prevention depressive disorders human.

Язык: Английский

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The human cerebellum in reward anticipation and outcome processing: An activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 149, С. 105171 - 105171

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2023

The cerebellum generates internal prediction models and actively compares anticipated actual outcomes in order to reach a desired end state. In this process, reward can serve as reinforcer that shapes models, enabling context-appropriate behavior. While the involvement of processing has been established animals, there is no detailed account which cerebellar regions are involved anticipation outcome humans. To end, an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis functional neuroimaging studies was performed investigate activity patterns associated with healthy adults. Results showed (k = 31) regional bilateral anterior lobe, lobule VI, left Crus I posterior vermis, while 16) declive VI. These findings demonstrate distinct part predictive coding routine.

Язык: Английский

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