Biophysical effects and neuromodulatory dose of transcranial ultrasonic stimulation.

Brain stimulation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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A practical guide to transcranial ultrasonic stimulation from the IFCN-endorsed ITRUSST consortium

Clinical Neurophysiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The relationship between parameters and effects in transcranial ultrasonic stimulation.

Brain stimulation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The future of transcranial ultrasound as a precision brain interface

PLoS Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(10), С. e3002884 - e3002884

Опубликована: Окт. 29, 2024

Our understanding of brain circuit operations and disorders has rapidly outpaced our ability to intervene restore them. Developing technologies that can precisely interface with any region may combine diagnostics therapeutic intervention, expediting personalised medicine. Transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) is a promising noninvasive solution this challenge, offering focal precision scalability. By exploiting the biomechanics pressure waves on tissue, TUS enables multi-site targeted neuromodulation across distributed circuits in cortex deeper areas alike. In Essay, we explore emergent evidence functionally test modify dysfunctional regions, effectively serving as search rescue tool for brain. We define challenges opportunities faced by it moves towards greater target integration advanced monitoring interventional technology. Finally, propose roadmap evolution progresses from research clinically validated disorders.

Язык: Английский

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Ultrasonic Modulation of Astrocytic and Neuronal Calcium Dynamics in Mouse Cortex

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 5, 2025

Abstract Background Astrocytes are abundant in the brain and their calcium signaling is reported to have an important effect on neuronal activity both physiological pathological conditions. Low-frequency focused ultrasound (FUS) has recently emerged as a powerful noninvasive neuromodulation approach, yet its impact astrocyte dynamics different states vivo poorly understood. Objective This study aimed elucidate effects of non-thermal FUS dynamic with cellular-resolution cell-type-specific recording identify whether influences cortical astrocytes neurons distinctive state dependent. Methods Here we combined customized 0.521MHz transducer two-photon microscopy, allowing simultaneous single-cell resoultion imaging stimulation at intensities 0.91 or 1.5 W/cm 2 examine responses somatosensory cortex awake lightly anesthetized mice. Functional clustering analysis was performed response activated inhibited subpopulations. Results In mice, significantly enhanced amplitude, frequency, temporal integral transients, while suppressing reducing proportion contrast, mice displayed blunted increased negligible modulation under FUS, suggesting that baseline suppression from anesthesia partially masks effects. Conclusions Our demonstrated elicited distinctive, state-dependent neurons, highlighting previously underappreciated targets neuromodulation. These findings will pave way for FUS-based therapies targeting astrocyte–neuron interactions conditions involving abnormal excitability. Highlights Low duty cycle low frequency induced heat Ultrasound markedly transients suppressed The cell types were reduced light anesthesia.

Язык: Английский

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Parameter optimisation for mitigating somatosensory confounds during transcranial ultrasonic stimulation

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 19, 2025

Transcranial ultrasonic stimulation (TUS) redefines what is possible with non-invasive neuromodulation by oaering unparalleled spatial precision and flexible targeting capabilities. However, peripheral confounds pose a significant challenge to reliably implementing this technology. While auditory during TUS have been studied extensively, the somatosensory confound has overlooked thus far. It will become increasingly vital quantify manage as field shifts towards higher doses, more compact devices, frequent through temple where co-stimulation pronounced. Here, we provide systematic characterisation of TUS. We also identify conditions under which can be mitigated most eaectively mapping confound-parameter space. Specifically, investigate dose-response eaects, pulse shaping characteristics, transducer-specific parameters. demonstrate that avoiding near-field intensity peaks in scalp, spreading energy across greater area ramping envelope, delivering equivalent doses via longer, lower-intensity pulses rather than shorter, higher-intensity pulses. Additionally, repetition frequencies fundamental reduce eaects. Through our parameter space, find preliminary evidence particle displacement (strain) may primary biophysical driving force behind co-stimulation. This study provides actionable strategies minimise confounds, support thorough experimental control required unlock full potential for scientific research clinical interventions. Tactile, thermal, even painful occur TUS.Confounds & parameters.Valid replicable requires confounds.Particle confounds.

Язык: Английский

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Low intensity trans-spinal focused ultrasound reduces mechanical sensitivity and suppresses spinal microglia activation in rats with chronic constriction injury

Bioelectronic Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Март 30, 2025

Abstract Low intensity, trans-spinal focused ultrasound (tsFUS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation approach that has been shown to modulate spinal circuit excitability in healthy rats. Here, we evaluated the potential of tsFUS for alleviating neuropathic pain by testing it chronic constriction injury (CCI) model. Male rats underwent CCI left sciatic nerve and then received (2 kHz pulse repetition frequency; 40% duty cycle) or sham stimulation, targeted at segment level L5 3 min daily over three days. As expected, causes significant reduction von Frey Threshold (vFT), measure mechanical sensitivity. We found treatment associated with increased vFT compared sham; this increase persists beyond duration treatment, through days 4 23 post-CCI. In cords tsFUS-treated animals, counts microglia (Iba1 + cells) activated, pro-inflammatory /CD86 cells), are reduced sham-treated animals. This limited insonified side cord, ipsilateral CCI. These findings suggest may be promising early stages, possibly attenuating development microglial-driven inflammation.

Язык: Английский

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Focused ultrasound: focused on tremor

Expert Review of Medical Devices, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2025

Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) has emerged as a leading noninvasive therapy for tremor, offering precise, lesion-based alternative to deep brain stimulation (DBS) and traditional lesioning techniques. By using phased arrays focus energy at intracranial targets, MRgFUS allows real-time visualization monitoring, improving safety efficacy. Initially developed essential tremor (ET), MRgFUS-VIM-thalamotomy gained widespread acceptance is now first-line option tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease (TDPD) other syndromes. This review discusses the fundamental physics of ultrasound, key anatomical clinical application thalamotomy, pallidotomy, subthalamotomy. Skull density ratio (SDR) efficiency are highlighted crucial factors affecting treatment outcomes. The evolution bilateral treatment, along with exploration novel targets such pallidothalamic tract, examined. Additionally, we discuss advancements in FUS neuromodulation, which could complement by providing temporary or reversible symptom relief. poised further revolutionize frameless technology, staged procedures, integration neuromodulation. Future developments may allow adaptive therapies that enhance both efficacy patient experience.

Язык: Английский

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Selective manipulation of excitatory and inhibitory neurons in top-down and bottom-up visual pathways using ultrasound stimulation

Brain stimulation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Techniques for precise manipulation of neurons in specific neural pathways are crucial excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance and investigation complex brain circuits. Low-intensity focused ultrasound stimulation (LIFUS) has emerged as a promising tool noninvasive deep-brain targeting at high spatial resolution. However, there is lack studies that extensively investigate the modulation top-down bottom-up corticothalamic circuits via selective excitatory inhibitory neurons. Here, comprehensive methodology using electrophysiological recording c-Fos staining employed to demonstrate pulse repetition frequency (PRF)-dependent E/I selectivity visual circuit rodents. Ultrasound various PRFs applied either lateral posterior nucleus thalamus (LP) or primary cortex (V1), multi-channel single-unit activity recorded from V1 silicon probe. Our results high-frequency PRFs, particularly 3 kHz 1 kHz, effective activating bidirectional pathway. In addition, region-specific modulate cortical signals, projections, synaptic neurotransmission, which imperative circuit-specific applications behavioral studies.

Язык: Английский

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Broadband ultrasound generator over fiber-optic tip for in vivo emotional stress modulation

Opto-Electronic Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 0(0), С. 240034 - 240034

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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