Environment International,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
158, С. 106938 - 106938
Опубликована: Окт. 15, 2021
Controlling
importation
and
transmission
of
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
from
overseas
travelers
is
essential
for
countries,
such
as
Australia,
New
Zealand,
other
island
nations,
that
have
adopted
a
suppression
strategy
to
manage
very
low
community
transmission.
Wastewater
surveillance
SARS-CoV-2
RNA
has
emerged
promising
tool
employed
in
public
health
response
many
countries
globally.
This
study
aimed
establish
whether
the
aircraft
wastewater
can
be
used
provide
an
additional
layer
information
augment
individual
clinical
testing.
37
long-haul
flights
chartered
repatriate
Australians
was
tested
presence
RNA.
Children
5
years
or
older
on
these
negative
disease
19
(COVID-19)
(deep
nasal
oropharyngeal
reverse-transcription
(RT)-PCR
swab)
48
h
before
departure.
All
passengers
underwent
mandatory
quarantine
14-day
post
arrival
Howard
Springs,
NT,
Australia.
24
(64.9
%)
positive
During
14
day
quarantine,
testing
identified
112
cases
COVID-19.
Surveillance
repatriation
flight
using
pooled
results
three
RT-qPCR
assays
demonstrated
predictive
value
(PPV)
87.5
%,
(NPV)
76.9
%
83.7%
accuracy
COVID-19
during
post-arrival
period.
The
successfully
demonstrates
effective
informing
management
returning
monitoring
SARS
CoV-2
clinically
significant
pathogens.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
782, С. 146749 - 146749
Опубликована: Март 30, 2021
The
COVID-19
pandemic
has
been
a
source
of
ongoing
challenges
and
presents
an
increased
risk
illness
in
group
environments,
including
jails,
long-term
care
facilities,
schools,
residential
college
campuses.
Early
reports
that
the
SARS-CoV-2
virus
was
detectable
wastewater
advance
confirmed
cases
sparked
widespread
interest
wastewater-based
epidemiology
(WBE)
as
tool
for
mitigation
outbreaks.
One
hypothesis
surveillance
might
provide
cost-effective
alternative
to
other
more
expensive
approaches
such
pooled
random
testing
groups.
In
this
paper,
we
report
outcomes
pilot
program
at
University
North
Carolina
Charlotte,
large
urban
university
with
substantial
population
students
living
on-campus
dormitories.
Surveillance
conducted
building
level
on
thrice-weekly
schedule
throughout
university's
fall
semester.
multiple
cases,
enabled
identification
asymptomatic
were
not
detected
by
components
campus
monitoring
program,
which
also
included
in-house
contact
tracing,
symptomatic
testing,
scheduled
student
athletes,
daily
symptom
reporting.
context
all
cluster
events
reported
community
during
semester,
resulted
smaller
clusters
than
types
events.
Wastewater
able
detect
single
individuals
dorms
resident
populations
150-200.
While
strategy
described
developed
COVID-19,
it
is
likely
be
applicable
future
pandemics
universities
group-living
environments.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
804, С. 150060 - 150060
Опубликована: Сен. 8, 2021
Successful
detection
of
SARS-COV-2
in
wastewater
suggests
the
potential
utility
wastewater-based
epidemiology
(WBE)
for
COVID-19
community
surveillance.
This
systematic
review
aims
to
assess
performance
surveillance
as
early
warning
system
transmission.
A
search
was
conducted
PubMed,
Medline,
Embase
and
WBE
Consortium
Registry
according
PRISMA
guidelines
relevant
articles
published
until
31st
July
2021.
Relevant
data
were
extracted
summarized.
Quality
each
paper
assessed
using
an
assessment
tool
adapted
from
Bilotta
et
al.'s
environmental
science.
Of
763
studies
identified,
92
distributed
across
34
countries
shortlisted
qualitative
synthesis.
total
26,197
samples
collected
between
January
2020
May
2021
various
locations
serving
population
ranging
321
11,400,000
inhabitants.
Overall
sample
positivity
moderate
at
29.2%
all
examined
settings
with
spike
(S)
gene
having
maximum
rate
positive
detections
nucleocapsid
(N)
being
most
targeted.
Wastewater
signals
preceded
confirmed
cases
by
up
63
days,
13
reporting
before
first
detected
community.
At
least
50
reported
association
viral
load
cases.
While
cannot
replace
large-scale
diagnostic
testing,
it
can
complement
clinical
providing
signs
transmission
more
active
public
health
responses.
However,
standardized
validated
methods
are
required
along
risk
analysis
modelling
understand
dynamics
outbreaks.
Wastewater-based
surveillance
has
gained
prominence
and
come
to
the
forefront
as
a
leading
indicator
of
forecasting
COVID-19
(coronavirus
disease
2019)
infection
dynamics
owing
its
cost-effectiveness
ability
inform
early
public
health
interventions.
A
university
campus
could
especially
benefit
from
wastewater
surveillance,
universities
are
characterized
by
largely
asymptomatic
populations
potential
hot
spots
for
transmission
that
necessitate
frequent
diagnostic
testing.
In
this
study,
we
employed
large-scale
GIS
(geographic
information
systems)-enabled
building-level
monitoring
system
associated
with
on-campus
residences
7,614
individuals.
Sixty-eight
automated
samplers
were
deployed
monitor
239
buildings
focus
on
residential
buildings.
Time-weighted
composite
samples
collected
daily
basis
analyzed
same
day.
Sample
processing
was
streamlined
significantly
through
automation,
reducing
turnaround
time
20-fold
exceeding
scale
similar
programs
10-
100-fold,
thereby
overcoming
one
biggest
bottlenecks
in
surveillance.
An
notification
developed
alert
residents
positive
sample
their
residence
encourage
uptake
campus-provided
testing
at
no
charge.
This
system,
integrated
rest
"Return
Learn"
program
University
California
(UC)
San
Diego-led
diagnosis
nearly
85%
all
cases
campus.
rates
increased
1.9
13×
following
notifications.
Our
study
shows
robust,
efficient
greatly
reduce
risk
college
campuses
other
high-risk
environments
reopen.
IMPORTANCE
epidemiology
can
be
particularly
valuable
where
high-resolution
spatial
sampling
well-controlled
context
not
only
provide
insight
into
what
affects
community
well
how
those
inferences
extended
broader
city/county
context.
present
successfully
implemented
large
enabling
detection
averting
outbreaks.
The
highly
reporting
enabled
dramatic
reduction
5
h
(sample
result
time)
96
samples.
Furthermore,
miniaturization
pipeline
brought
down
cost
($13/sample).
Taken
together,
these
results
show
such
ameliorate
long-term
communities
they
look
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
18(9), С. 4455 - 4455
Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2021
Wastewater
surveillance
for
the
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
is
an
emerging
approach
to
help
identify
risk
of
a
disease
(COVID-19)
outbreak.
This
tool
can
contribute
public
health
at
both
community
(wastewater
treatment
system)
and
institutional
(e.g.,
colleges,
prisons,
nursing
homes)
scales.
paper
explores
successes,
challenges,
lessons
learned
from
initial
wastewater
efforts
colleges
university
systems
inform
future
research,
development
implementation.
We
present
experiences
25
college
in
United
States
that
monitored
campus
SARS-CoV-2
during
fall
2020
academic
period.
describe
broad
range
approaches,
findings,
resources,
impacts
these
efforts.
These
institutions
size,
social
political
geographies,
include
private
institutions.
Our
analysis
suggests
monitoring
requires
consideration
local
information
needs,
sewage
infrastructure,
resources
sampling
analysis,
dynamics,
approaches
interpretation
communication
results,
follow-up
actions.
Most
reported
learning
process
experimentation,
evaluation,
adaptation
was
key
progress.
ongoing
collaboration
among
diverse
stakeholders
including
decision-makers,
researchers,
faculty,
facilities
staff,
students,
members.
Emerging infectious diseases,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
27(9), С. 1 - 8
Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2021
Abstract
Wastewater
surveillance
for
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
has
garnered
extensive
public
attention
during
the
disease
pandemic
as
a
proposed
complement
to
existing
systems.
Over
past
year,
methods
detection
and
quantification
of
SARS-CoV-2
viral
RNA
in
untreated
sewage
have
advanced,
concentrations
wastewater
been
shown
correlate
with
trends
reported
cases.
Despite
promise
surveillance,
these
measurements
translate
into
useful
health
tools,
bridging
communication
knowledge
gaps
between
researchers
responders
is
needed.
We
describe
key
uses,
barriers,
applicability
supporting
decisions
actions,
including
establishing
ethics
consideration
monitoring.
Although
assess
community
infections
not
new
idea,
might
be
initiating
event
make
this
emerging
tool
sustainable
nationwide
system,
provided
that
barriers
are
addressed.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
119(6)
Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2022
The
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
pandemic
sparked
an
explosion
of
interest
in
wastewater-based
epidemiology
(WBE;
also
known
as
wastewater
monitoring
or
surveillance).
Much
has
been
said,
the
scientific
literature
and
popular
press
alike,
about
public
health
value
tracking
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
wastewater.
Emergence
spread
omicron
variant
recently
pushed
WBE
for
COVID-19
management
back
into
headlines.
Unfortunately,
coverage
potential
is
rarely
balanced
by
a
practical
discussion
limitations
tradeoffs,
especially
when
it
comes
to
issues
beyond
technical
challenges
encountered
lab.
Sometimes
makes
sense
way
monitor
outbreaks
other
threats,
sometimes
constraints
argue
spending
scarce
resources
elsewhere.
We
grapple
with
such
frequently
while
managing
program
Healthy
Davis
Together
(HDT),
multi-pronged
pandemic-response
initiative
Davis,
CA.
Since
launching
September
2020,
grown
include
in-house
analysis
collected
on
weekly,
triweekly,
daily
basis
from
70
sites
distributed
across
City
University
California,
(UC
Davis)
campus
sewer
systems
influent
their
treatment
plants.
are
glad
that
our
data
informing
local
mitigation
efforts.
Results
UC
dorm
outflows
supporting
safe
return
students
campus;
results
neighborhoods
broader
city
areas
helping
officials
understand
spatial
changes
trends
react
accordingly.
At
same
time,
running
campaign
requires
significant
investments
money,
labor,
expertise.
Given
much
information
gleaned
not
directly
actionable,
and/or
duplicates
sources,
prudent
consider
these
worthwhile.
…
[↵][1]1To
whom
correspondence
may
be
addressed.
Email:
hbischel{at}ucdavis.edu.
[1]:
#xref-corresp-1-1