Microplastics
have
received
growing
concerns
from
both
society
and
the
scientific
community
due
to
their
widespread
presence
in
environment
potential
toxic
effects.
In
this
chapter,
we
present
effects
of
microplastics
on
estuarine
marine
organisms,
freshwater
soil
human
health,
including
enrichment
organisms
mechanisms.
addition,
compound
toxicity
with
other
environmental
pollutants
is
also
discussed.
Frontiers in Physiology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2023
Microplastics
and
pesticides
are
emerging
contaminants
in
the
marine
biota,
which
cause
many
harmful
effects
on
aquatic
organisms,
especially
fish.
Fish
is
a
staple
affordable
food
source,
rich
animal
protein,
along
with
various
vitamins,
essential
amino
acids,
minerals.
Exposure
of
fish
to
microplastics,
pesticides,
nanoparticles
generates
ROS
induces
oxidative
stress,
inflammation,
immunotoxicity,
genotoxicity,
DNA
damage
alters
gut
microbiota,
thus
reducing
growth
quality
Changes
behavioral
patterns,
swimming,
feeding
habits
were
also
observed
under
exposures
above
contaminants.
These
affect
Nrf-2,
JNK,
ERK,
NF-κB,
MAPK
signaling
pathways.
And
Nrf2-KEAP1
signalling
modulates
redox
status
marinating
enzymes
Effects
found
modulate
antioxidant
enzymes,
including
superoxide
dismutase,
catalase,
glutathione
system.
So,
protect
health
from
contribution
nano-technology
or
nano-formulations
was
researched.
A
decrease
nutritional
population
significantly
impacts
human
diet,
influencing
traditions
economics
worldwide.
On
other
hand,
traces
microplastics
habitat
water
can
enter
humans
by
consuming
contaminated
may
result
serious
hazards.
This
review
summarizes
stress
caused
due
nano-particle
contamination
exposure
their
impact
health.
As
rescue
mechanism,
use
management
disease
discussed.
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
279, С. 116455 - 116455
Опубликована: Май 20, 2024
Microplastics
(MPs)
pose
a
clear
threat
to
aquatic
organisms
affecting
their
health.
Their
impact
on
liver
homeostasis,
as
well
the
potential
onset
of
nonalcoholic
fatty
disease
(NAFLD),
is
still
poorly
investigated
and
remains
almost
unknown.
The
aim
this
study
was
evaluate
outcomes
subchronic
exposure
polystyrene
MPs
(PS-MPs;
1–20
μm;
0,
25,
or
250
mg/kg
b.w./day)
lipid
metabolism,
inflammation,
oxidative
balance
in
gilthead
seabreams
(Sparus
aurata
Linnaeus,
1758)
exposed
for
21
days
via
contaminated
food.
PS-MPs
induced
an
up-regulation
mRNA
levels
crucial
genes
associated
with
synthesis
storage
(i.e.,
PPARy,
Srebp1,
Fasn)
without
modifications
involved
catabolism
PPARα,
HL,
Pla2)
transport
metabolism
(Fabp1)
liver.
increase
CSF1R
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
gene
expression
TNF-α
IL-1β)
also
observed
fish
dose-dependent
manner.
These
findings
were
confirmed
by
hepatic
histological
evaluations
reporting
evidence
accumulation,
necrosis.
Moreover,
caused
impairment
antioxidant
defense
system
through
alteration
its
enzymatic
(catalase,
superoxide
dismutase,
glutathione
reductase)
non-enzymatic
(glutathione)
components,
resulting
increased
production
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
malondialdehyde
(MDA),
biomarkers
damage.
detoxifying
enzymes
inferred
decreased
Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase
(EROD)
activity
glutathione-S-transferase
(GST)
at
highest
PS-MP
dose.
suggests
that
affect
health
seabream.
dysfunction
damage
result
from
detrimental
interplay
damage,
systems
modifications,
altering
gut-liver
axis
homeostasis.
This
scenario
suggestive
involvement
MP-induced
effects
progression