Global
environmental
concerns
are
exacerbated
by
pollutants,
spanning
heavy
metals
to
organic
compounds,
posing
threats
ecosystems
and
human
health.
Conventional
pollution
monitoring
techniques
often
entail
resource-intensive
processes.
Epiphytic
plants,
exemplified
lichens,
mosses,
ferns,
emerge
as
sustainable
biomonitoring
tools
for
evaluating
pollutants.
This
vegetation
possesses
unique
attributes
conducive
air
quality
deposition.
chapter
investigates
the
aptness
of
epiphytic
plants
instruments
Mechanisms
underpinning
pollutant
accumulation
response
in
epiphytes,
focusing
on
their
capacity
capture
atmospheric
deposited
contaminants
over
time,
examined.
Furthermore,
benefits
employing
including
widespread
distribution,
sampling
ease,
cost
efficiency
contrast
traditional
methods,
emphasised.
Recent
advancements
analytical
techniques,
encompassing
elemental
molecular
analysis,
enabling
precise
quantification
concentrations
tissues,
discussed.
Case
studies
from
diverse
global
explored,
illustrating
utility
presence
trends,
metals,
polycyclic
aromatic
hydrocarbons,
nitrogen
compounds.
The
role
indicators
long-term
shifts
potential
mitigation
strategies
addressed.
Challenges
limitations,
species-specific
responses
standardised
protocols,
also
considered.
provide
a
effective
avenue
biomonitoring,
contributing
significantly
ongoing
endeavours
assess
mitigate
pollution's
impact
well-being.
book
underscores
imperative
integration
into
programs.
It
encourages
further
research
refine
applications
dynamic
world
multifaceted
challenges.
Water Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
253, С. 121252 - 121252
Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2024
Given
their
ecological
importance,
bioindicators
are
used
for
the
assessment
of
health
river
ecosystems.
This
study
explored
fungal
compositions
and
potential
taxa
as
indicating
water
quality
Mekong
River,
use
indicators
River
was
not
previously
well
characterized.
The
exhibited
dynamic
variations
in
both
physicochemical/hydrochemical
properties
communities
according
to
seasons
locations.
results
revealed
dominance
alkaline
earth
metal
ions
weak
acids
water.
magnesium-bicarbonate
type
found
dry
season,
but
became
chloride-calcium
or
mixed
rainy
season
at
downstream
sites.
Fungal
composition
analysis
Chytridiomycota
intermediate
periods,
Ascomycota
Basidiomycota
season.
were
influenced
by
stochastic
deterministic
assembly
processes,
mainly
homogenous
selection,
heterogeneous
dispersal
limitation.
extent
environmental
filtering
implied
that
some
affected
conditions,
suggesting
possibility
identifying
certain
suitable
being
quality.
Subsequently,
RFE
with
Random
Forest
SVM
model
identified
specific
bins
mostly
consisting
Agaricomycetes
(mainly
Polyporales,
Agaricales,
Auriculariales),
Rozellomycota
could
predict
ambient
irrigation
high
selectivity
sensitivity.
These
thus
promote
assess
river.
Microorganisms,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(8), С. 1521 - 1521
Опубликована: Июль 24, 2024
Organic
fertilizers,
such
as
spent
mushroom
substrate
(SMS),
improve
soil
fertility,
but
studies
comparing
their
effects
on
different
agricultural
soils
are
limited.
In
this
study,
the
of
standard,
SMS
and
composed
fertilizers
from
conventional-integrated,
organic
biodynamic
farming
were
investigated.
Soil
samples
analyzed
for
microorganisms
activity
β-glucosidase
(β-GLU),
β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase
(NAG),
urease
(URE),
arylamidase
(ARN),
phosphatase
(PHOS),
acid
(PAC),
alkaline
(PAH)
arylsulphatase
(ARS).
Biodynamic
showed
highest
microbial
counts
enzyme
activities,
followed
by
conventional
soils.
significantly
increased
number
especially
in
Seasonal
variations
affected
all
most
enzymes
soils,
except
NAG
stable
throughout
year,
indicating
greater
stability.
This
study
concludes
that
activities
respond
differently
to
fertilization
depending
type,
with
demonstrating
beneficial
tested
IntechOpen eBooks,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2025
Fungi
play
pivotal
roles
in
ecosystems
by
forming
diverse
associations
with
other
organisms,
including
plants,
animals
and
microorganisms,
along
certain
bacteria.
These
interactions
range
from
mutualistic
relationships,
such
as
mycorrhizal
facilitating
nutrient
uptake
to
parasitic
causing
disease
the
hosts.
also
engage
commensal
where
one
organism
benefits
without
harming
or
significantly
benefiting
other.
The
ecological
importance
of
these
is
profound,
influencing
cycling,
biodiversity,
ecosystem
stability.
For
instance,
lichens,
composed
fungi
algae
cyanobacteria,
are
pioneer
species
harsh
environments
contribute
soil
formation.
Understanding
dynamics
fungal
organisms
crucial
for
management
conservation
efforts.
Moreover,
exploring
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
can
offer
insights
into
biotechnological
applications,
agriculture
medicine,
harnessing
potential
sustainable
solutions
various
fields.
Journal of Fungi,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
11(3), С. 214 - 214
Опубликована: Март 11, 2025
Microorganisms
have
a
profound
impact
on
the
stability
and
ecological
health
of
aquatic
environments.
Fungi,
as
important
components
river
ecosystems,
play
critical
roles
decomposers
symbionts.
A
comprehensive
understanding
mechanisms
underlying
fungal
community
assembly
is
essential
for
effective
conservation
management
ecosystems.
However,
distribution
patterns
process
communities
along
elevation
gradients
in
sediments
remain
poorly
understood.
In
this
study,
ITS
amplicon
sequencing,
neutral
model,
null
model
were
employed
to
analyze
processes
altitudinal
gradient
Yellow
River.
The
results
indicated
that
Ascomycota
(47.79%)
Basidiomycota
(15.68%)
identified
dominant
phyla
sediments,
collectively
accounting
63.47%
total
relative
abundance
community.
three
different
gradients,
diversity
(Shannon)
showed
gradually
decreasing
trend
with
increasing
altitude.
co-line
networks
exhibited
positive
interactions
had
more
complex
compact
Tibetan
Plateau
area
(YRA).
Environmental
factors
played
an
role
shaping
structure
communities,
lead
(Pb),
nitrogen
(TN),
silt,
organic
carbon
(TOC)
being
main
driving
changes
structure,
contributing
15.5%,
12.3%,
10.7%,
10.2%,
respectively.
process,
deterministic
found
dominate,
homogenizing
selection
most
(69.66%).
These
research
help
us
understand
assembly,
also
provide
scientific
basis
biodiversity
rational
use
biological
resources.
