Modeling early gastrulation in human blastoids with DNA methylation patterns of natural blastocysts

Cell stem cell, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Mesenchymal stem cells biological and biotechnological advances: Implications for clinical applications

European Journal of Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 977, С. 176719 - 176719

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Toward developing human organs via embryo models and chimeras

Cell, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 187(13), С. 3194 - 3219

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

Developing functional organs from stem cells remains a challenging goal in regenerative medicine. Existing methodologies, such as tissue engineering, bioprinting, and organoids, only offer partial solutions. This perspective focuses on two promising approaches emerging for engineering human cells: cell-based embryo models interspecies organogenesis. Both exploit the premise of guiding to mimic natural development. We begin by summarizing what is known about early development blueprint recapitulating organogenesis both chimeras. The latest advances fields are discussed before highlighting technological knowledge gaps be addressed developing could achieved using approaches. conclude discussing challenges facing modeling outlining future prospects advancing toward generation tissues basic research translational applications.

Язык: Английский

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Immunometabolism of Liver Xenotransplantation and Prospective Solutions

Advanced Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2025

End-stage liver diseases, such as hepatocellular carcinoma or acute failure, critically necessitate transplantation. However, the shortage of available organ donors fails to meet rapidly growing transplantation demand. Due high similarity tissue structure and metabolism between miniature pigs humans, xenotransplantation pig livers is considered a potentially viable solution scarcity. In 2024, teams from China first time have successfully transplanted genetically modified Bama into clinically brain-dead man lasting for 10 days. This milestone in human research not only confirms feasibility clinical application xenotransplantation, but also underscores daunting protracted nature this pathway. Despite advanced gene-editing technologies theoretically circumventing occurrence most transplant rejection reactions, patients still face challenges chronic immune rejection, coagulation disorders, thrombotic microangiopathy after receiving xenografts. Moreover, prolonged use immunosuppressive drugs may induce irreversible dysfunction, leading opportunistic infections metabolic disorders. article compares similarities differences humans pigs, summarizes immunometabolism based on current findings, provides perspectives pre-transplantation post-transplantation strategies prolonging survival

Язык: Английский

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Interspecies Blastocyst Complementation and the Genesis of Chimeric Solid Human Organs

Genes, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(2), С. 215 - 215

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2025

Solid organ transplantation remains a life-saving treatment for patients worldwide. Unfortunately, the supply of donor organs cannot meet current need, making search alternative sources even more essential. Xenotransplantation using sophisticated genetic engineering techniques to delete and overexpress specific genes in animal has been investigated as possible option. However, use exogenous tissue presents another host obstacles, particularly regarding rejection. Given these limitations, interspecies blastocyst complementation combination with precise gene knockouts unique, promising pathway transplant shortage. In recent years, great advancements have made field, encouraging results producing donor-derived chimeric host. That said, one major barriers successful chimerism is mismatch developmental stages cells embryo. Another barrier speeds between embryos. This review outlines 19 studies which was used generate solid organs. particular, genesis liver, lung, kidney, pancreas, heart, thyroid, thymus parathyroids investigated. Of studies, 7 included an model. 7, completed human pig host, all others were rat-mouse chimeras. While very demonstrated, several challenges continue persist. chimerism, generation contribution, synchronized donor-host development, well ethical concerns human-animal chimeras remain important aspects that will need be addressed future research.

Язык: Английский

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Advances in the Study of Pluripotent Stem Cells in Livestock

Cell Proliferation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2025

ABSTRACT Livestock pluripotent stem cells, derived either from early embryos or induced through somatic cell reprogramming technology, possess the unique ability to self‐renew, maintain an undifferentiated state and differentiate into various types. Consequently, generation of PSCs agricultural animal species holds great potential for applications in livestock breed improvement, rapid propagation, disease modelling xenotransplantation. However, compared achievements made mouse human cells research, still remains challenging. This article offers overview classification, regulatory mechanisms pluripotency, developmental history while also anticipating their future application prospects. These insights provide valuable references reproduction breeding large livestock.

Язык: Английский

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Research Guideline Recommendations for Research on Stem Cells, Human Embryos, and Gene Editing

Cell Transplantation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 34

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Recent advances in biomedical technologies have extended the boundaries of previously established regulatory guidelines pertaining to stem cell research. These constrained study human pluripotent cells (hPSCs) and their derivatives from use under various conditions, including introduction hPSCs into brains host animals because concerns humanizing animal species. Other creating human-animal chimeras potential contribution not only brain but also germline. Some forbid growing embryos ex vivo beyond stage primitive streak development regarding creation forms life vivo. At subcellular level, there are regulating transfer mitochondria within embryos. molecular genome editing prevent permanent genetic alterations germline cells. other issues related been reviewed, new research by International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) its membership. Because many recommended changes ISSCR impact being conducted members American Neural Therapy Repair (ASNTR), ASNTR a task force review relevant recommendations determine which adopt society The final presented this document.

Язык: Английский

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Xenotransplantation in China: Past, Present, and Future

Xenotransplantation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 32(2)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Organ failure poses a substantial global health challenge, and xenotransplantation emerges as one of the most promising avenues to mitigate critical shortage donor organs. In recent years, numerous research institutions have undertaken clinical preclinical in humans, instilling hope for notable progress. Nevertheless, formidable obstacles persist before success can be fully achieved. Chinese researchers been at forefront studies, actively contributing several pivotal areas: identification genes essential creation genetically modified pigs; studies on pig‐to‐nonhuman primate organ tissue xenotransplantation, well utilization engineered pig‐derived biomaterials; contributions both research; formulation refinement policies ethical guidelines China. conclusion, this review seeks not only acknowledge but also encourage further collaboration between scholars their international counterparts advancing field xenotransplantation.

Язык: Английский

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Chimeric Livers: Interspecies Blastocyst Complementation and Xenotransplantation for End-Stage Liver Disease

Hepatic Medicine Evidence and Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер Volume 16, С. 11 - 29

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) currently serves as the sole definitive treatment for thousands of patients suffering from end-stage disease; and existing supply donor livers OLT is drastically outpaced by increasing demand. To alleviate this significant gap in treatment, several experimental approaches have been devised with aim either offering interim support to waiting on transplant list or bioengineering complete infusing them fresh hepatic cells. Recently, interspecies blastocyst complementation has emerged a promising method generating organs utero over short timeframe. When coupled gene editing technology, it brought about potentially revolutionary transformation regenerative medicine. Blastocyst harbors notable potential human large animals, which could be used xenotransplantation humans, addressing scarcity OLT. Nevertheless, substantial ethical challenges still need overcome produce larger domestic animals like pigs. This review compiles current understanding outlines future possibilities humans.

Язык: Английский

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Fourth Generation Human Rights in View of the Fourth Industrial Revolution

Philosophies, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(2), С. 39 - 39

Опубликована: Март 19, 2024

We are at the dawn of Fourth Industrial Revolution, characterised by interaction so-called disruptive technologies (biotechnology, synthetic biology, nanotechnology, neurotechnology and artificial intelligence). believe that challenges posed technoscience cannot be met three generations human rights already exist. The need to create a fourth generation is, therefore, explored in this article. For purpose, state art will analysed from scientific ethical perspective. consider position academic doctrines on issues should tackle. And, finally, generation, we propose principles identity precaution as reference values, equivalent role played freedom, equality solidarity first rights.

Язык: Английский

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