Recent advances in point-of-care testing of COVID-19

Chemical Society Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 52(24), С. 8500 - 8530

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

This review explores various point-of-care optical diagnostic systems combined with microdevices developed during the recent COVID-19 pandemic for clinical diagnostics.

Язык: Английский

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Innate and Adaptive Immunity during SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Biomolecular Cellular Markers and Mechanisms

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(2), С. 408 - 408

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2023

The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was caused by a positive sense single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, other human coronaviruses (hCoVs) exist. Historical pandemics include smallpox and influenza, with efficacious therapeutics utilized to reduce overall disease burden through effectively targeting competent host immune system response. is composed of primary/secondary lymphoid structures initially eight types cell types, many subtypes, traversing membranes utilizing signaling cascades that contribute towards clearance pathogenic proteins. Other proteins discussed cluster differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complexes (MHC), pleiotropic interleukins (IL), chemokines (CXC). historical concepts immunity are the innate adaptive systems. represented T cells, B antibodies. macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic complement system. viruses can affect regulate cycle progression for example, in cancers papillomavirus (HPV: cervical carcinoma), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV: lymphoma), Hepatitis C (HB/HC: hepatocellular carcinoma) Leukemia Virus-1 (T leukemia). Bacterial infections also increase risk developing cancer (e.g.,

Язык: Английский

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Design of a rapid electrochemical biosensor based on MXene/Pt/C nanocomposite and DNA/RNA hybridization for the detection of COVID-19

Talanta, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 265, С. 124804 - 124804

Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2023

Язык: Английский

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SERS immuno- and apta-assays in biosensing/bio-detection: Performance comparison, clinical applications, challenges

Talanta, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 265, С. 124818 - 124818

Опубликована: Июнь 18, 2023

Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy is increasingly used as a sensitive bioanalytical tool for detection of variety analytes ranging from viruses and bacteria to cancer biomarkers toxins, etc. This comprehensive review describes principles operation compares the performance immunoassays aptamer assays with scattering (SERS) each other some bioassay methods, including ELISA fluorescence assays. Both immuno- aptamer-based are categorized into assay on solid substrates, magnetic nanoparticles in laminar flow or/and strip The best performing recent examples category described text illustrated figures. average performance, particularly, limit (LOD) those methods reflected 9 tables manuscript LODs calculated compared. We found out that, average, there advantage terms LOD SERS (0. pM median 88 papers) vs (1.7 51 papers). also tabulated analyzed clinical immune assays, where selectivity, specificity, accuracy reported, we summarized examples. reviewed challenges real-life application, non-specific protein binding, nanoparticle aggregation, limited nanotag stability, sometimes, relatively long time results, proposed solutions discussed review. Overall, this may be interesting not only chemist, but medical life science researchers who interested improvement bioanalyte diagnostics.

Язык: Английский

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Effectiveness of testing, contact tracing and isolation interventions among the general population on reducing transmission of SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 381(2257)

Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2023

We conducted a systematic literature review of general population testing, contact tracing, case isolation and quarantine interventions to assess their effectiveness in reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission, as implemented real-world settings. designed broad search strategy aimed identify peer-reviewed studies any design provided there was quantitative measure on transmission outcome. Studies that assessed the effect testing or diagnosis disease outcomes via treatment, but did not outcome, were included. focused among rather than specific settings; these from anywhere world published time after 1 January 2020 until end 2022. From 26 720 titles abstracts, 1181 reviewed full text, 25 met our inclusion criteria. These included one randomized control trial (RCT) remaining 24 analysed empirical data made some attempt for confounding. categorized by type intervention: tracing (seven studies); strategies (12 isolating cases/contacts (four 'test, trace, isolate' (TTI) part package (two studies). None rated at low risk bias many serious bias, particularly due likely presence uncontrolled confounding factors, which major challenge assessing independent effects TTI observational studies. factors are be expected during an on-going pandemic, when emphasis epidemic burden design. Findings suggested important public health role followed isolation, especially where mass serial used reduce transmission. Some most compelling analyses came examining fine-grained within-country tracing; while broader compared behaviour between countries also often found led reduced mortality, this universal. There limited evidence benefit away home environment. One study, RCT, showed daily contacts could viable replace lengthy contacts. Based scarcity robust evidence, we able draw firm conclusions about impact different contexts. While majority scale is only available scenarios hence necessarily generalizable. Our therefore emphasizes need conduct experimental help inform optimal Work needed support such context future emerging epidemics, along with assessments cost-effectiveness interventions, beyond scope will critical decision-making. This article theme issue 'The non-pharmaceutical COVID-19 pandemic: evidence'.

Язык: Английский

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A universal nucleic acid detection platform combing CRISPR/Cas12a and strand displacement amplification with multiple signal readout

Talanta, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 273, С. 125922 - 125922

Опубликована: Март 18, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Advances and Challenges in SARS-CoV-2 Detection: A Review of Molecular and Serological Technologies

Diagnostics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(5), С. 519 - 519

Опубликована: Фев. 29, 2024

The urgent need for accurate COVID-19 diagnostics has led to the development of various SARS-CoV-2 detection technologies. Real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) remains a reliable viral gene technique, while other molecular methods, including nucleic acid amplification techniques (NAATs) and isothermal techniques, provide diverse effective approaches. Serological assays, detecting antibodies in response infection, are crucial disease surveillance. Saliva-based immunoassays show promise surveillance purposes. efficiency antibody varies, with IgM indicating recent exposure IgG offering prolonged detectability. Various rapid tests, lateral-flow immunoassays, present opportunities quick diagnosis, but their clinical significance requires validation through further studies. Challenges include variations specificity sensitivity among testing platforms evolving assay sensitivities over time. antigens, particularly N S proteins, play role diagnostic methods. Innovative approaches, such as nanozyme-based assays specific nucleotide aptamers, offer enhanced flexibility. In conclusion, ongoing advancements methods contribute global effort combating pandemic.

Язык: Английский

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AIEgens-enhanced rapid sensitive immunofluorescent assay for SARS-CoV-2 with digital microfluidics

Analytica Chimica Acta, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 1298, С. 342398 - 342398

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Highly sensitive and rapid detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 via a portable CRISPR‐Cas13a‐based lateral flow assay

Journal of Medical Virology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 94(12), С. 5858 - 5866

Опубликована: Авг. 27, 2022

Abstract To rapidly identify individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and control the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID‐19), there is an urgent need for highly sensitive on‐site virus detection methods. A clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated protein (Cas)‐based molecular diagnostic method was developed this purpose. Here, a CRISPR system‐mediated lateral flow assay (LFA) SARS‐CoV‐2 established based on multienzyme isothermal rapid amplification, CRISPR‐Cas13a nuclease, LFA. improve limit (LoD), crispr RNA, amplification primer, probe were screened, in addition to concentrations various components reaction system. The LoD improved 0.25 copy/μl both fluorescence‐ immunochromatography‐based assays. enhance quality CRISPR‐based LFA method, glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase detected as reference using triple‐line strip design strip. In total, 52 COVID‐19‐positive 101 COVID‐19‐negative clinical samples examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain (RT‐PCR) tested immunochromatographic technique. Results revealed 100% consistency, indicating comparable effectiveness our that RT‐PCR. conclusion, approach significantly improves sensitivity reliability CRISPR‐mediated provides crucial tool SARS‐CoV‐2.

Язык: Английский

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Classification and Localization of Multi-Type Abnormalities on Chest X-Rays Images

IEEE Access, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11, С. 83264 - 83277

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Chest X-ray images are among the most common diagnostic tools for detecting and managing bronchopneumonia lung abnormalities, such as those caused by COVID-19. However, interpreting these requires significant expertise, misinterpretations can result in false negatives or positives. Deep learning techniques have recently been highly effective analyzing medical images, including chest X-rays. In this study, we propose two deep approaches to classify localize different COVID-19, on X-rays, which include multi-classification object detection models that identify presence of disease other abnormalities. The proposed trained a large dataset from sick people (including COVID-19 patients) validated an independent test set. Compared single models, paper presents ensemble combining multiple detect abnormalities images. Our results demonstrate method achieved promising both localization compared state-of-the-art methodologies. methods potential assist radiologists diagnosis provide more accurate efficient interpretation, thereby improving patient outcomes reducing burden healthcare systems.

Язык: Английский

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