Neurofeedback in Psychiatry: A Decade of Clinical and Neuroimaging Insights

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 9, 2025

Background Neurofeedback (NF) has emerged as a promising neuromodulation therapy in psychiatry, offering real-time feedback to help patients self-regulate brain activity. Over the past decade, NF applications across psychiatric disorders have been extensively studied. Objective We systematically reviewed research psychiatry (2015–2025), including all study types, evaluate clinical outcomes, mechanisms, training protocols, and neuroimaging findings ADHD, depression, anxiety disorders, PTSD, schizophrenia. Methods A comprehensive literature search identified studies using EEG, fMRI, or other modalities. included randomized trials, open-label studies, case series, meta-analyses. Data on symptom neurophysiological measures were synthesized. Results Across was generally associated with improvements. In trials meta-analyses report moderate improvements attention impulsivity that often persist at follow-up. Depression EEG fMRI show reductions, though sample sizes remain modest. Anxiety-spectrum demonstrate significant meta-analytic effect nearing one standard deviation. PTSD shows robust evidence, meta-analysis of 17 supporting sustained Schizophrenia suggest can reduce positive negative symptoms, particularly SMR beta protocols. Neuroimaging confirms NF-induced activity connectivity changes paralleling Conclusions durable benefits minimal adverse effects, its potential an adjunctive treatment. However, methodological variability warrants further rigorous optimizing controls, mechanistic investigations.

Язык: Английский

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Targeted limbic self-neuromodulation for alleviating central sensitization symptoms in fibromyalgia

BMC Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Май 28, 2025

Fibromyalgia (FM), involving somatic, cognitive, and affective domains is often regarded as a hallmark central sensitization syndrome. Despite limited current therapeutic options, emerging understanding of its neural underpinnings offers the potential applying novel neuromodulation strategies. Specifically, limbic dysregulation underlying abnormalities in pain modulation somatic-affective processing, has been shown to play key role FM. Here, we assessed long-term efficacy targeted self-neuromodulation for improving clinical disease burden Forty-seven patients with FM participated double-blind, randomized, dual-control study employing specialized neurofeedback probe representing amygdala activity. Patients underwent 10 sessions either genuine training (NFT = 21), or sham (NFS 13), treatment usual (TAU 13). Disease severity symptom were using Symptom Severity Score (SSS), along other questionnaires administered before after treatment. A follow-up was performed 10-12 months post-intervention. NFT led significant immediate reduction SSS (F(2,40) 7.32, p 0.00, ηp2 0.27) Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) 9.85, 0.33), alongside multidomain short- benefits. NFS resulted but did not affect measures overall burden. The TAU group showed no improvements. Our findings support intimate involvement brain areas pathophysiology suggest that novel, mechanism-based approach managing symptoms This preregistered National Institutes Health (NIH). NCT02146495. Name trial registry: Targeted Limbic Self-modulation Potential Treatment Suffering From https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02146495 .

Язык: Английский

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Amygdala‐related electroencephalogram neurofeedback as add‐on therapy for treatment‐resistant childhood sexual abuse posttraumatic stress disorder: feasibility study

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 78(1), С. 19 - 28

Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2023

Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) among women is an alarmingly prevalent traumatic experience that often leads to debilitating and treatment-refractory posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), raising the need for novel adjunctive therapies. Neuroimaging investigations systematically report amygdala hyperactivity most consistent reliable neural abnormality in PTSD following childhood abuse, potential of implementing volitional modulation using neurofeedback (NF) aimed at down-regulating activity. This study reliably probe limbic activity but overcome limited applicability functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) NF by a scalable electroencephalogram amygdala-related activity, termed electrical-finger-print (amyg-EFP) randomized controlled trial.

Язык: Английский

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The efficacy of electroencephalography neurofeedback for enhancing episodic memory in healthy and clinical participants: A systematic qualitative review and meta-analysis

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 155, С. 105455 - 105455

Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2023

Several studies have examined whether electroencephalography neurofeedback (EEG-NF), a self-regulatory technique where an individual receives real-time feedback on pattern of brain activity that is theoretically linked to target behaviour, can enhance episodic memory. The aim this research was i) provide qualitative overview the literature, and ii) conduct meta-analysis appropriately controlled determine EEG-NF literature search returned 46 studies, with 21 (44 effect sizes) meeting inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. revealed that, across both healthy clinical populations, procedures protocols vary considerably many were insufficiently powered inadequate design features. meta-analysis, conducted active control, small-size, significant positive memory performance (g = 0.31, p 0.003), moderated by modality self-regulation success. These results are discussed view towards optimising training subsequent benefits

Язык: Английский

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“Listen to your heart”: A novel interoceptive strategy for real-time fMRI neurofeedback training of anterior insula activity

NeuroImage, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 284, С. 120455 - 120455

Опубликована: Ноя. 10, 2023

Real-time fMRI (rt-fMRI) neurofeedback (NF) training is a novel non-invasive technique for volitional brain modulation. Given the important role of anterior insula (AI) in human cognitive and affective processes, it has become one most investigated regions rt-fMRI studies. Most studies employed emotional recall/imagery as regulation strategy, which may be less effective psychiatric disorders characterized by altered processing. The present study thus aimed to examine feasibility interoceptive strategy based on heartbeat detection guided AI its associated behavioral changes using randomized double-blind, sham feedback-controlled between-subject design. 66 participants were recruited randomly assigned receive either NF from left (LAI) or feedback control region while strategy. N = 57 included final data analyses. Empathic pre-post collected measures effects. Results showed that group exhibited stronger LAI activity than with being positively correlated accuracy following training, although there no significant increases over sessions. Importantly, ability could maintained transfer session without feedback. Successful was strengthened functional connectivity control, memory learning, salience/interoceptive networks. demonstrated first time efficacy processing up-regulating activity. Our findings also provide proof concept translational potential this

Язык: Английский

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Unraveling the link between childhood maltreatment and depression: Insights from the role of ventral striatum and middle cingulate cortex in hedonic experience and emotion regulation

Development and Psychopathology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 11

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2024

Abstract Childhood maltreatment is an established risk factor for psychopathology. However, it remains unclear how childhood traumatic events relate to mental health problems and the brain involved. This study examined serial mediation effect of morphological alterations emotion-/reward-related functions on linking relationship from depression. We recruited 156 healthy adolescents young adults additional sample 31 with major depressive disorder assessment maltreatment, symptoms, cognitive reappraisal anticipatory/consummatory pleasure. Structural MRI data were acquired identify maltreatment-related cortical subcortical differences. The models suggested that emotional abuse neglect, was respectively associated increased gray matter volume in ventral striatum greater thickness middle cingulate cortex. These structural further related reduced anticipatory pleasure disrupted reappraisal, which contributed more severe symptoms among individuals. above mediating effects not replicated our clinical group partly due small size. Preventative interventions can target reward systems foster resilience reduce likelihood future psychiatric disorders individuals a history maltreatment.

Язык: Английский

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The effects of neurofeedback training for children with cerebral palsy and co‐occurring attention deficits: A pilot study

Child Care Health and Development, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 50(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2024

Abstract Background Limited research exists regarding the effectiveness of electroencephalogram (EEG) neurofeedback training for children with cerebral palsy (CP) and co‐occurring attention deficits (ADs), despite increasing prevalence these dual conditions. This study aimed to fill this gap by examining impact on levels CP AD. Methods Nineteen both ADs were randomly assigned either a or control group. The group received 20 sessions training, lasting approximately 1 h per day, twice week. Theta/beta ratios quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) recordings measured pre‐training post‐training in resting state. Continuous Performance Test (CPT), Visual Perceptual Skills—3rd Version (TVPS‐3) Conners' Parent Rating Scale (CPRS) at pre‐ post‐training. Results showed decreased theta/beta compared ( p = 0.04) within‐group improvement during 0.02). Additionally, had trend omission rates CPT 0.08) visual sequential memory closure subscores TVPS‐3, 0.02 0.01, respectively). Conclusions results suggested that AD may benefit from their level. Further is needed explore long‐term effects expand its application population.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanisms of brain self-regulation: psychological factors, mechanistic models and neural substrates

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 379(1915)

Опубликована: Окт. 21, 2024

While neurofeedback represents a promising tool for neuroscience and brain self-regulation approach to psychological rehabilitation, the field faces several problems challenges. Current research has shown great variability even failure among human participants in learning self-regulate target features of activity with neurofeedback. A better understanding cognitive mechanisms, factors neural substrates underlying might help improve neurofeedback’s scientific clinical practices. This article reviews current mechanisms by drawing on findings from animal studies neurofeedback, brain–computer/machine interfaces neuroprosthetics. In this article, we look closer at following topics: processes psychophysiological affecting self-regulation, theoretical models finally, provide an outlook outstanding gaps knowledge technical is part theme issue ‘Neurofeedback: new territories neurocognitive endogenous neuromodulation’.

Язык: Английский

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Neurofeedback: new territories and neurocognitive mechanisms of endogenous neuromodulation

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 379(1915)

Опубликована: Окт. 21, 2024

Neurofeedback (NF) is endogenous neuromodulation of circumscribed brain circuitry. While its use real-time activity in a closed-loop system similar to brain–computer interfaces, instead controlling an external device like the latter, goal NF change targeted function. In this special issue on NF, we present current and future methods for extracting manipulating neural function, how these may reveal new insights about applications, rarely discussed ethical considerations guiding interpreting others. Together, articles outline possibilities impact real world, poising influence development more effective personalized protocols, improving understanding underlying psychological neurological mechanisms enhancing treatment precision various psychiatric conditions. This article part theme ‘Neurofeedback: territories neurocognitive neuromodulation’.

Язык: Английский

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Psilocybin-assisted neurofeedback for the improvement of executive functions: a randomized semi-naturalistic-lab feasibility study

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 379(1915)

Опубликована: Окт. 21, 2024

Executive function deficits, common in psychiatric disorders, hinder daily activities and may be linked to diminished neural plasticity, affecting treatment training responsiveness. In this pioneering study, we evaluated the feasibility preliminary efficacy of psilocybin-assisted frontal-midline theta neurofeedback (NF), a neuromodulation technique leveraging neuroplasticity, improve executive functions (EFs). Thirty-seven eligible participants were randomized into an experimental group (

Язык: Английский

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