The Product Science of Electrically Heated Tobacco Products: An Updated Narrative Review of the Scientific Literature

Cureus, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 28, 2024

Heated tobacco products represent a novel category of in which consumable is heated to temperature that releases nicotine from the leaf but not sufficient cause combustion. may therefore have potential be less harmful alternative for adult smokers who would otherwise continue smoke cigarettes, as their use should result exposure substantially fewer and lower levels toxicants. This update represents two-year extension our previous narrative review, covered peer-reviewed journal articles published up August 31, 2021. The scientific evidence between 2021 2023 continues indicate aerosols produced contain potentially constituents these observed reductions consistently translate reduced biological effects both vitro vivo toxicological studies. Biomarker clinical data studies product controlled within setting suggest changes biomarkers exposure, harm, endpoints indicating harm with switching exclusive smokers. Overall, available offer promise such, conclusions original review remain valid.

Язык: Английский

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Oxidative stress‐mediated epidermal growth factor receptor activation by cigarette smoke or heated tobacco aerosol in human primary bronchial epithelial cells from multiple donors

Journal of Applied Toxicology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 43(9), С. 1347 - 1357

Опубликована: Март 22, 2023

Abstract The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway has essential roles in maintaining homeostasis of various tissues by regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. Deregulation the EGFR is associated with chronic diseases including obstructive pulmonary disease. Cigarette smoke (CS) known to activate EGFR, which linked biological sequence from CS exposure activation initiated oxidative stress caused intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) depletion glutathione, led ligand secretion activation. We hypothesized that reducing constituents contributes preventing CS‐inducible Therefore, we examined aerosol heated tobacco products (HTPs) because contains fewer chemical at lower levels than CS. exposed primary human bronchial epithelial cells four donors extracts a 1R6F reference cigarette or HTP three in‐market products, our DT3.0a. ROS was assessed. induced all tested endpoints although inter‐donor differences were observed, whereas HTPs elicited most events higher concentrations; however, phosphorylation not observed even fivefold concentration Overall, results indicate are less effective elicit ROS‐induced reduced‐risk potential on EGFR‐related should be investigated further. In addition, testing multiple warranted when considering individual responses stimuli.

Язык: Английский

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In vitro toxicological assessment of aerosols from indirectly heated tobacco products using a solvent-free extraction method

Food and Chemical Toxicology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 115333 - 115333

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Possible involvement of α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds in ferroptosis induced by the cigarette smoke extract of heated tobacco products in vascular smooth muscle cells

Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 158(1), С. 8 - 12

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Confirmation of absence of combustion in an electronically heated tobacco product using multiple methods

Next research., Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 100294 - 100294

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Mercuric Chloride Aggravates Hyperglycemia-Induced Anxiety and Depressive-Like Behaviors in Type 2 Diabetic Rats: Breakdown of the Antioxidant Defense System

Biological Trace Element Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Human vasculature-on-a-chip with macrophage-mediated endothelial activation: The biological effect of aerosol from heated tobacco products on monocyte adhesion

Toxicology in Vitro, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 89, С. 105582 - 105582

Опубликована: Март 16, 2023

Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are expected to have the potential reduce risks of smoking-associated cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, mechanism-based investigations effect HTPs on atherosclerosis remain insufficient and further studies under human-relevant situations desired for deeper understanding reduced risk HTPs. In this study, we first developed an in vitro model monocyte adhesion by considering macrophage-derived proinflammatory cytokine-mediated endothelial activation using organ-on-a-chip (OoC), which provided great opportunities mimic major aspects human physiology. Then biological activities aerosol from three different types terms were compared with that cigarette smoke (CS). Our showed effective concentration ranges tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) interleukin-1β (IL-1β) close actual condition CVD pathogenesis. The also was less induced each HTP than CS, may be caused cytokine secretion. summary, our vasculature-on-a-chip assessed difference effects between cigarettes HTPs, suggested a atherosclerosis.

Язык: Английский

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A solvent-free squeezing method for extraction of collected mass from aerosols of electronic cigarettes and heated tobacco products

Journal of Chromatography A, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 1727, С. 465009 - 465009

Опубликована: Май 17, 2024

Previous in vitro toxicological assessments have demonstrated that almost no mutagenic and genotoxic activities electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) heated tobacco product (HTP) aerosols were detected even at the maximum recommended concentration. To accurately compare toxicity levels between smoke e-cigarette or HTP aerosols, higher exposure concentrations increasing possibility to detect tests are necessary, while avoiding solvent-induced toxicity. This study aimed develop a solvent-free extraction method obtain concentrated aerosol extracts for improved evaluation. Our novel approach involved squeezing several Cambridge filter pads, which collected constituents, closed containers achieve with comparable efficiency conventional using organic solvents. The optimized yielded approximately 10 times than those obtained methods. Yield comparison of various such as flavoring compounds, revealed similar efficiencies However, constituents high log Pow values, predominantly found extracts, was unacceptably low method. In addition, centrifuging, another type method, exhibited unsatisfactory results compared findings suggest is suitable extracting mass from but not aerosol. We anticipate will contribute deeper understanding differences e-cigarettes combustible cigarettes.

Язык: Английский

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A Randomized Control Study in Healthy Adult Smokers to Assess Reduced Exposure to Selected Cigarette Smoke Constituents in Switching to the Novel Heated Tobacco Product DT3.0a

Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(1), С. 45 - 57

Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2023

Abstract This was a randomized, controlled, open‐label, confinement study to assess change in exposure selected cigarette smoke constituents healthy adult smokers who switched using novel heated tobacco product (direct heating system, platform 3, generation version [DT3.0a]). Sixty nonmenthol were randomized into 1 of the 4 groups which subjects type stick used with DT3.0a, an in‐market device (THS), continued cigarettes, or stopped smoking. Furthermore, 30 menthol 2 DT3.0a (mDT3.0a) cigarettes. Fifteen biomarkers harmful and potentially (HPHCs) measured during 5‐day period, followed by assessment nicotine pharmacokinetics assigned product. Results indicated that switching THS, mDT3.0a showed significant reductions most HPHCs as compared continuing smoking being similar magnitude observed cessation. For mDT3.0a, pharmacokinetic parameters not remarkably different from those obtained for cigarettes THS except longer time maximum concentration following use mDT3.0a. In conclusion, reduced HPHCs, no remarkable differences measurements flavors stick.

Язык: Английский

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A revision of the multiple‐path particle dosimetry model focusing on tobacco product aerosol dynamics

International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 40(3)

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2024

Abstract To assess the health impact of inhaled aerosols, it is necessary to understand aerosol dynamics and associated dosimetry in human respiratory tract. Although several studies have measured or simulated constituents, tract focus areas been limited. In particular, aerosols generated from tobacco products are complex composites simulating their challenging. constituents products, we developed a revised version Multiple‐Path Particle Dosimetry (MPPD) model, which employs (1) new geometry based on CT‐scanned data, (2) convective mixing oral cavity deep lung, (3) constituent partitioning between tissue air, clearance. The sensitivity analysis was conducted using composed four major electronic cigarette (EC) investigate parameters that significant results. addition, model run with 4 10 ECs conventional cigarettes (CCs), respectively. Sensitivity revealed modeling physicochemical properties had considerable concentration dosimetry. simulations could be carried out within 3 min even when CC were analyzed simultaneously. MPPD an efficient easy‐to‐use tool for understanding EC effect body.

Язык: Английский

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