Molecular Ecology,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
28(17), С. 3929 - 3941
Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2019
The
outcome
of
competition
between
different
reproductive
strategies
within
a
single
species
can
be
used
to
infer
selective
advantage
the
winning
strategy.
Where
multiple
populations
have
independently
lost
or
gained
sexual
reproduction
it
is
possible
investigate
whether
contingent
on
local
conditions.
In
New
Zealand
stick
insect
Clitarchus
hookeri,
three
are
distinguished
by
recent
change
in
strategy
and
we
determine
their
likely
origins.
One
parthenogenetic
population
has
established
United
Kingdom
provide
evidence
that
been
this
population.
We
identify
from
which
was
derived,
but
show
UK
females
post-mating
barrier
fertilisation.
also
demonstrate
two
recently
arisen
natural
range
mtDNA
lineage
otherwise
characterizes
parthenogenesis
species.
independent
origins
males
at
these
locations
using
microsatellite
genotypes.
one
population,
mixture
nonlocal
alleles
suggested
were
result
invasion.
Males
another
most
probably
loss
an
X
chromosome
produced
male
phenotype
situ.
Two
successful
switches
suggest
competitive
for
outcrossing
over
reproduction.
hookeri
provides
remarkable
repeated
rapid
changes
strategy,
with
outcomes
dependent
Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
292(2045)
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Long-term
records
that
span
the
past
several
centuries
and
capture
within-population
variation
are
critical
for
distinguishing
ephemeral
ecosystem
changes
from
regime
shifts.
Using
an
approximately
2
kyr
record
of
reproductive
life
history
central
Santa
Barbara
Basin,
we
examined
population
trends
in
mode
accumulation
rate
(i.e.
output)
across
four
species
biserial
benthic
foraminiferan
genus
Bolivina.
Bolivina
populations
were
consistently
dominated
by
asexually
produced
individuals
until
mid-nineteenth
century,
after
which
they
exhibit
increase
variance
a
decrease
mean
proportion
individuals.
At
same
time,
underwent
order-of-magnitude
decline
rate.
The
magnitude
persistence
these
suggest
nineteenth
twentieth
represent
life-history
shift.
compounding
effects
anthropogenic
impacts
long-term
California
Current
System
(such
as
heightened
deoxygenation
altered
sedimentation
regimes)
may
have
pushed
Basin
towards
increased
investment
sexual
reproduction.
Eco-evolutionary
dynamics,
or
eco-evolution
for
short,
are
often
thought
to
involve
rapid
demography
(ecology)
and
equally
heritable
phenotypic
changes
(evolution)
leading
novel,
emergent
system
behaviours.
We
argue
that
this
focus
on
contemporary
dynamics
is
too
narrow:
Eco-evolution
should
be
extended,
first,
beyond
pure
include
all
environmental
dimensions
and,
second,
slow
which
unfolds
over
thousands
millions
of
years.
This
extension
allows
us
conceptualise
biological
systems
as
occupying
a
two-dimensional
time
space
along
axes
capture
the
speed
ecology
evolution.
Using
Hutchinson's
analogy:
Time
'theatre'
in
evolution
two
interacting
'players'.
therefore
dynamic:
identify
modulators
ecological
evolutionary
rates,
like
temperature
sensitivity
mutation,
can
change
evolution,
hence
impact
eco-evolution.
Environmental
may
synchronise
via
these
rate
modulators,
increasing
occurrence
represents
substantial
challenges
prediction,
especially
context
global
change.
Our
perspective
attempts
integrate
across
disciplines,
from
gene-regulatory
networks
geomorphology
timescales,
today
deep
time.
Reproduction
is
a
fundamental
feature
of
life,
it
the
way
life
persists
across
ages.
This
book
offers
new,
wider
vistas
on
this
biological
phenomenon,
exploring
how
works
through
whole
tree
life.
It
explores
facets
such
as
asexual
reproduction,
parthenogenesis,
sex
determination
and
reproductive
investment,
with
taxonomic
coverage
extended
over
all
main
groups
-
animals,
plants
including
'algae',
fungi,
protists
bacteria.
collates
into
one
volume
perspectives
from
varied
disciplines
zoology,
botany,
microbiology,
genetics,
cell
biology,
developmental
evolutionary
animal
plant
physiology,
ethology
integrating
information
common
language.
Crucially,
aims
to
identify
commonalties
among
phenomena,
while
demonstrating
diversity
even
amongst
closely
related
taxa.
Its
integrated
approach
makes
valuable
reference
for
students
researchers,
well
an
effective
entry
point
deeper
study
specific
topics.
Current Biology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
33(17), С. 3545 - 3560.e13
Опубликована: Июль 28, 2023
Facultative
parthenogenesis
enables
sexually
reproducing
organisms
to
switch
between
sexual
and
asexual
parthenogenetic
reproduction.
To
gain
insights
into
this
phenomenon,
we
sequenced
the
genomes
of
strains
Drosophila
mercatorum
identified
differences
in
gene
expression
their
eggs.
We
then
tested
whether
manipulating
candidate
homologs
could
lead
facultative
non-parthenogenetic
species
melanogaster.
This
a
polygenic
system
whereby
increased
mitotic
protein
kinase
polo
decreased
desaturase,
Desat2,
caused
that
was
enhanced
by
Myc.
The
genetically
induced
melanogaster
eggs
exhibit
de
novo
centrosome
formation,
fusion
meiotic
products,
onset
development
generate
predominantly
triploid
offspring.
Thus,
demonstrate
genetic
basis
for
sporadic
an
animal.
Ecology and Evolution,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(7)
Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024
Abstract
Microorganisms
are
important
associates
of
insect
and
arthropod
species.
Insect‐associated
microbes,
including
bacteria,
fungi,
viruses,
can
drastically
impact
host
physiology,
ecology,
fitness,
while
many
microbes
still
have
no
known
role.
Over
the
past
decade,
we
increased
our
knowledge
taxonomic
composition
functional
roles
insect‐associated
microbiomes
viromes.
There
has
been
a
more
recent
shift
toward
examining
complexity
microbial
communities,
how
they
vary
in
response
to
different
factors
(e.g.,
genome,
strain,
environment,
time),
consequences
this
variation
for
wider
ecological
community.
We
provide
an
overview
insect–microbe
interactions,
variety
associated
functions,
evolutionary
ecology
these
relationships.
explore
influence
environment
interactive
effects
insects
their
across
trophic
levels.
Additionally,
discuss
potential
subsequent
synergistic
reciprocal
impacts
on
microbiomes,
communities.
Lastly,
some
avenues
future
insect‐microbe
interactions
that
include
modification
existing
symbionts
as
well
construction
synthetic
Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
98(4), С. 1365 - 1387
Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2023
ABSTRACT
Understanding
the
origins
of
species
richness
patterns
is
a
fundamental
goal
in
ecology
and
evolutionary
biology.
Much
research
has
focused
on
explaining
two
kinds
patterns:
(
i
)
spatial
(e.g.
latitudinal
diversity
gradient),
ii
clade‐based
predominance
angiosperm
among
plants).
Here,
I
highlight
third
kind
pattern:
trait‐based
number
with
each
state
character,
such
as
diet
or
body
size).
Trait‐based
are
relevant
to
many
topics
evolution,
from
ecosystem
function
adaptive
radiation
paradox
sex.
Although
studies
have
described
particular
patterns,
these
remain
far
less
understood,
not
been
emphasised
general
category
patterns.
describe
conceptual
framework
for
how
arise
compared
other
A
systematic
review
suggests
that
most
often
explained
by
when
originates
within
group
(i.e.
older
states
generally
higher
richness),
differences
transition
rates
faster
diversification
certain
states.
This
latter
result
contrasts
widespread
emphasis
species‐richness
research.
show
recent
actually
potentially
confounding
causes
Finally,
plethora
unanswered
questions
related
