International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
25(1), С. 537 - 537
Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2023
Natural
compounds
continue
to
serve
as
the
most
fruitful
source
of
new
antimicrobials.
Analysis
bacterial
genomes
have
revealed
that
biosynthetic
potential
antibiotic
producers
by
far
exceeds
number
already
discovered
structures.
However,
due
repeated
discovery
known
substances,
it
has
become
necessary
change
both
approaches
search
for
antibiotics
and
sources
producer
strains.
The
pressure
natural
selection
diversity
interactions
in
symbiotic
communities
make
animal
microbiomes
promising
novel
substances.
Here,
microorganisms
associated
with
various
animals
were
examined
terms
their
antimicrobial
agents.
application
alternative
cultivation
techniques,
ultrahigh-throughput
screening,
genomic
analysis
facilitated
investigation
produced
unique
representatives
microbiota.
We
believe
strategies
antipathogen
defense
will
be
precisely
studying
cell–cell
host–microbe
wild.
ABSTRACT
A
niche
in
the
context
of
microorganisms
defines
specific
ecological
role
or
habitat
inhabited
by
microbial
species
within
an
ecosystem.
For
human
commensal
Malassezia
,
skin
surface
is
considered
its
primary
niche,
where
it
adapts
to
environment
utilising
lipids
as
main
carbon
and
energy
source.
However
pathogenic
characteristics
include
production
allergens,
immune
modulation
excessive
lipid
utilisation,
which
result
several
diseases
such
pityriasis
versicolor,
seborrheic
dermatitis,
folliculitis
atopic
dermatitis.
Recent
studies
have
revealed
colonisation
internal
organs,
including
lungs,
gut,
genitourinary
tract,
eyes,
ears
breast
milk.
In
these
associated
with
linked
respiratory
conditions,
neurological
disorders,
gastrointestinal
genital
infections.
The
system
plays
a
critical
shaping
prevalence,
factors
like,
suppressive
drugs
underlying
health
conditions
influencing
susceptibility.
Accurate
diagnosis
‐related
disorders
challenging
due
unique
growth
requirements,
but
molecular
fingerprinting
assays
sequencing
methods,
particularly
ITS
sequencing,
offer
precise
identification.
Treatment
involves
antifungal
drugs,
corticosteroids
phytocompounds,
yet
recurrent
infections
highlight
need
for
more
targeted
therapeutic
strategies
addressing
's
characteristics.
Understanding
complex
interactions
between
host
organs
crucial
diagnosis,
treatment
prevention
exploring
potentially
beneficial
roles
disease.
This
review
highlights
current
findings
on
intricate
diverse
ecosystem
body,
underscoring
complexity
associations
emphasising
their
multifaceted
Abstract
The
incredibly
complex
soil
microbial
communities
at
small
scales
make
their
analysis
and
identification
of
reasons
for
the
observed
structures
challenging.
Microbial
community
structure
is
mainly
a
result
inoculum
(dispersal),
selective
advantages
those
organisms
under
habitat‐based
environmental
attributes,
ability
colonizers
to
sustain
themselves
over
time.
Since
protective,
its
inhabitants
have
long
adapted
varied
conditions,
significant
portions
are
likely
stable.
Hence,
substantial
portion
will
not
correlate
often
measured
attributes.
We
suggest
that
drivers
be
ranked
on
basis
importance
fundamental
needs
microbes:
(i)
supply
energy,
i.e.,
organic
carbon
electron
acceptors;
(ii)
effectors
or
stressors,
pH,
salt,
drought,
toxic
chemicals;
(iii)
macro‐organism
associations,
plants
seasonality,
animals
fecal
matter,
fauna;
(iv)
nutrients,
in
order,
N,
P,
probably
lesser
importance,
other
micronutrients,
metals.
relevance
also
varies
with
spatial
time
scales,
example,
aggregate
field
regional,
persistent
dynamic
populations
transcripts,
extent
phylogenetic
difference,
hence
phenotypic
differences
organismal
groups.
present
summary
matrix
provide
guidance
which
important
particular
studies,
special
emphasis
wide
range
temporal
illustrate
this
genomic
population
(rRNA
gene)
data
from
selected
studies.
Geoderma,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
447, С. 116927 - 116927
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024
Soil
structure
is
important
for
plant
growth
and
ecosystem
functioning,
provides
habitat
a
wide
range
of
soil
biota.
So
far,
very
few
studies
directly
compared
the
effects
three
main
farming
practices
(conventional,
organic
conservation
agriculture)
on
physical
properties.
Here,
we
collected
undisturbed
cores
from
FArming
System
Tillage
long-term
field
experiment
(FAST)
near
Zurich
(Switzerland).
This
trial
compares
conventional
tillage,
no-tillage,
tillage
non-inversion
reduced
under
since
2009.
We
assessed
28
chemical
properties
related
them
to
root
microbial
biomass
as
well
diversity
bacteria
fungi.
decreased
bulk
density
(−14
%)
penetration
resistance
(−40
no/reduce-tillage,
potentially
promoting
facilitative
environment
growth.
Water
holding
capacity
varied
among
systems,
being
lowest
in
highest
(+10
tillage.
observed
that
rhizosphere
was
positively
associated
with
water
occurrence
mesopores.
The
presence
mesopores
could
provide
additional
niche
space
microbes
possibly
explaining
its
positive
effect
diversity.
were
higher
plots
subjected
practices,
indicating
has
detrimental
microbes.
Our
work
demonstrates
organic,
agriculture
create
contrasting
environments.
highlights
trade-off
between
creating
by
maintaining
complex
diverse
microhabitats
agriculture.
Abstract
A
significant
fraction
of
Earth's
ecosystems
undergoes
periodic
wet‐dry
alternating
transitional
states.
These
globally
distributed
water‐driven
ecosystems,
such
as
intermittent
rivers
and
coastal
shorelines,
have
traditionally
been
studied
two
distinct
entities,
whereas
they
constitute
a
single,
interconnected
meta‐ecosystem.
This
has
resulted
in
poor
conceptual
empirical
understanding
ecosystems.
Here,
we
develop
framework
that
places
the
temporal
availability
water
core
driver
biodiversity
functional
patterns
at
global
scale.
Biological
covers
(e.g.,
aquatic
biofilms
biocrusts)
serve
an
excellent
model
system
thriving
both
terrestrial
states,
where
their
succession
underscores
intricate
interplay
between
these
The
duration,
frequency,
rate
change
cycles
impose
plausible
scenarios
different
types
biological
can
occur
depending
on
desiccation/hydration
resistance
traits.
implies
eco‐evolutionary
potential
covers,
represented
by
trait
profiles,
would
support
functions
while
maintaining
similar
multifunctionality
levels.
By
embracing
multiple
states
our
approach
help
to
better
understand
manage
impacts
providing
new
avenues
for
interdisciplinary
studies.
