Advancements and applications of single-cell multi-omics techniques in cancer research: Unveiling heterogeneity and paving the way for precision therapeutics

Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 37, С. 101589 - 101589

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2023

Single-cell multi-omics technologies have revolutionized cancer research by allowing us to examine individual cells at a molecular level. Unlike traditional bulk omics approaches, which analyze populations of together, single-cell enables uncover the heterogeneity within tumors and understand unique characteristics different cell populations. By doing so, we can identify rare subpopulations that are influential in tumor growth, metastasis, resistance therapy. Moreover, analysis provides valuable insights into immune response triggered various therapeutic interventions, such as checkpoint blockade, chemotherapy, It also helps better intricate microenvironment its impact on patient prognosis treatment. This comprehensive review focuses recent advancements methodologies, with an emphasis technologies. highlights important role these techniques uncovering complexity tumorigenesis multiple applications research, well their equally great contributions other areas immunology. Through multi-omics, gain deeper understanding biology pave way for more precise effective strategies. Apart from those above, this paper aims introduce live imaging technology, latest developments protein detection techniques, explore seamless integration technology.

Язык: Английский

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Self-Renewal and Pluripotency in Osteosarcoma Stem Cells’ Chemoresistance: Notch, Hedgehog, and Wnt/β-Catenin Interplay with Embryonic Markers

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(9), С. 8401 - 8401

Опубликована: Май 7, 2023

Osteosarcoma is a highly malignant bone tumor derived from mesenchymal cells that contains self-renewing cancer stem (CSCs), which are responsible for progression and chemotherapy resistance. Understanding the signaling pathways regulate CSC self-renewal survival crucial developing effective therapies. The Notch, Hedgehog, Wnt/β-Catenin developmental pathways, essential differentiation of normal cells, have been identified as important regulators osteosarcoma CSCs also in resistance to anticancer Targeting these their interactions with embryonic markers microenvironment may be promising therapeutic strategy overcome chemoresistance improve prognosis patients. This review focuses on role regulating self-renewal, pluripotency, chemoresistance, potential targets anti-cancer We discuss relevance markers, including SOX-2, Oct-4, NANOG, KLF4, association aforementioned overcoming drug

Язык: Английский

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Integrating single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to elucidate a specialized subpopulation of astrocytes, microglia and vascular cells in brains of mouse model of lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis-associated encephalopathy

Journal of Neuroinflammation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2024

Abstract Background Understanding the mechanism behind sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) remains a formidable task. This study endeavors to shed light on complex cellular and molecular alterations that occur in brains of mouse model with SAE, ultimately unraveling underlying mechanisms this condition. Methods We established murine using intraperitoneal injection lipopolysaccharide (LPS) wild type Anxa1 −/− mice collected brain tissues for analysis at 0-hour, 12-hour, 24-hour, 72-hour post-injection. Utilizing advanced techniques such as single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) Stereo-seq, we conducted comprehensive characterization responses patterns within brain. Results Our uncovered notable temporal differences response LPS challenge between (annexin A1 knockout) mice, specifically 12-hour 24-hour time points following injection. observed significant increase proportion Astro-2 Micro-2 cells these mice. These exhibited colocalization pattern vascular subtype Vas-1, forming distinct region known V1A2M2, where surrounded Vas-1. Moreover, through further analysis, discovered upregulation ligands receptors Timp1-Cd63 , Timp1-Itgb1 Timp1-Lrp1 well Ccl2-Ackr1 Cxcl2-Ackr1 region. In addition, expression Cd14-Itgb1 Cd14-Tlr2 Cd14-C3ar1 regions enriched cells. Additionally, Cxcl10-Sdc4 showed broad containing both Notably, upon challenge, there was an Furthermore, our revealed noteworthy mortality rates knockdown. However, did not observe substantial types, numbers, or distribution other wildtype over time. Nevertheless, when comparing post point, decrease vicinity blood vessels noted reduced levels several ligand-receptor pairs including . Conclusions By combining snRNA-seq Stereo-seq techniques, successfully identified distinctive colocalization, referred special pathological niche, comprising Astro-2, Micro-2, Vas-1 niche. findings suggest potential association arrangement contributing SAE increased knockdown

Язык: Английский

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Overview of the immunological mechanisms in hepatitis B virus reactivation: Implications for disease progression and management strategies

World Journal of Gastroenterology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30(10), С. 1295 - 1312

Опубликована: Март 14, 2024

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation is a clinically significant challenge in disease management. This review explores the immunological mechanisms underlying HBV reactivation, emphasizing progression and It delves into host immune responses reactivation’s delicate balance, spanning innate adaptive immunity. Viral factors’ disruption of this as are interactions between viral antigens, cells, cytokine networks, checkpoint pathways, examined. Notably, roles T natural killer antigen-presenting cells discussed, highlighting their influence on progression. impact severity, hepatic flares, liver fibrosis progression, hepatocellular carcinoma detailed. Management strategies, including anti-viral immunomodulatory approaches, critically analyzed. The role prophylactic therapy during immunosuppressive treatments explored alongside novel immunotherapeutic interventions to restore control prevent reactivation. In conclusion, comprehensive furnishes holistic view that propel With dedicated focus understanding its implications for prospects efficient management article contributes significantly knowledge base. more profound insights intricate elements system will inform evidence-based ultimately enhancing elevating patient outcomes. dynamic landscape strategies scrutinized, approaches. preventing potential innovative proactively deter

Язык: Английский

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Proteogenomics-based functional genome research: approaches, applications, and perspectives in plants

Trends in biotechnology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 41(12), С. 1532 - 1548

Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Diagnosis of Neurological Disease Using Bioinspired Algorithms

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2024

Neurological diseases have a significant impact on individuals, families, and society. Accurate timely diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment management. However, traditional diagnostic methods are often expensive time-consuming. Recent advancements in bioinspired algorithms offer new possibilities the of neurological diseases. This chapter provides an overview role disease diagnosis. The begins with introduction to algorithms, covering various types commonly used healthcare, such as genetic neural networks, ant colony optimization, particle swarm optimization. applications healthcare explored, emphasizing their contributions medical image analysis, diagnosis, personalized medicine. then focuses providing common current techniques. It reviews limitations, highlighting need alternative approaches. application discussed detail. Genetic optimize feature selection classification demonstrated through case studies research findings. Neural networks explored potential improving accuracy optimization Other also examined selection, clustering model Finally, addresses challenges limitations associated use emphasizes further development this emerging field. Overall, hold great promise advancing field offering opportunities accurate efficient

Язык: Английский

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Artificial intelligence for life sciences: A comprehensive guide and future trends

The Innovation Life, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 100105 - 100105

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

<p>Artificial intelligence has had a profound impact on life sciences. This review discusses the application, challenges, and future development directions of artificial in various branches sciences, including zoology, plant science, microbiology, biochemistry, molecular biology, cell developmental genetics, neuroscience, psychology, pharmacology, clinical medicine, biomaterials, ecology, environmental science. It elaborates important roles aspects such as behavior monitoring, population dynamic prediction, microorganism identification, disease detection. At same time, it points out challenges faced by application data quality, black-box problems, ethical concerns. The are prospected from technological innovation interdisciplinary cooperation. integration Bio-Technologies (BT) Information-Technologies (IT) will transform biomedical research into AI for Science paradigm.</p>

Язык: Английский

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The landscape of cell regulatory and communication networks in the human dental follicle

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2025

Introduction The dental follicle localizes the surrounding enamel organ and papilla of developing tooth germ during embryonic stage. It can differentiate develop to form periodontal ligament, cementum, alveolar bone tissues. Postnatally, gradually degenerates, but some parts remain around impacted tooth. However, specific cellular components intricate regulatory mechanisms governing postnatal development biological function have not been completely understood. Methods We analyzed follicles with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) reveal their constitution molecular signatures by cell cycle analysis, scenic gene enrichment communication analysis. Results Ten clusters were identified differential characteristics, among which immune vessel-related cells, as well a stem population, revealed main types. Gene networks (GRNs) established defined four regulon modules underlying tissue microenvironmental regulation, including vascular responses. Cell–cell analysis unraveled crosstalk between in orchestrating activities, potentially based on COLLAGAN-CD44 ligand–receptor pairs, ANGPTL1-ITGA/ITGB pairs. Conclusion establish landscape human follicle, providing mechanistic insights into regulation interactions complex microenvironment.

Язык: Английский

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Perspective Chapter: Technological Advances in Population Genetics

IntechOpen eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 3, 2025

This chapter, “Technological Advances in Population Genetics,” provides a comprehensive overview of the transformative technologies that have reshaped field population genetics recent years. With advent Next-Generation Sequencing, researchers can now analyze genetic variation at unprecedented scales, enabling detailed investigations into structure, evolutionary dynamics, adaptive processes, and human disorders. The chapter discusses key advancements sequencing technologies, such as Illumina, PacBio, Oxford Nanopore, highlighting their applications studying diversity across various species. Additionally, it explores integration artificial intelligence machine learning techniques enhance data analysis capabilities, including genotype imputation ancestry inference. Furthermore, addresses significant role bioinformatics tools databases managing interpreting complex genomic data. As progresses, also identifies future directions challenges, emphasizing need for multi-omics integration, improved analytical methods, ethical considerations research. By synthesizing current trends advancements, this aims to provide valuable insights studies implications understanding evolution.

Язык: Английский

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Single-cell omics in tracing cellular heterogeneity of drug-induced liver injury: Technological landscape and prospective application

hLife, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 2(7), С. 325 - 341

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) remains a serious problem in clinics for both diagnoses and treatment decisions. It is result of accumulated drugs human bodies metabolized into toxic constituents generating reactive metabolites, then arise initial consequences oxidative stress, organelle stress responses lethal (liver necrosis or apoptosis). However, the idiosyncratic nature DILI complexes its mechanistic studies still little known potential etiopathogenesis certain. Single cell omics technology approaches serve as powerful tools investigating cellular heterogeneity relationships from measurements up to millions individual cells at an unprecedented resolution, which are achieved by advances genome, epigenome, transcriptome, proteome, metabolism technologies. As contains heterogeneous types distinct spatial, molecular, functional properties, they interact with each other proceed type-specific reprogramming play irreplaceable role properties upon encountering insults. omics, especially single transcriptomics proteomics, have been utilized exploring mechanisms prediction risk factors. In this review, we discuss recent development future perspectives omics-based technologies DILI-related research.

Язык: Английский

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