Salicylic acid (SA)-mediated plant immunity against biotic stresses: An insight on molecular components and signaling mechanism

Plant Stress, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11, С. 100427 - 100427

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Since the beginning of 21st century, climate change has been pervasive. Such climatic instabilities not only trigger plants' adaptability and survivability in harsh environments, but also sustain spread a broad spectrum pathogens including bacteria, fungi, viruses, that create disease pressure by affecting plant health immune barrier. Salicylic acid (SA) is potent phytohormone signaling molecule plays pivotal roles physio-biochemical processes during development. In addition to its widely known role abiotic stress response, SA vital response biotic stresses through their pathways, molecular interactions, corresponding interactions with other phytohormones like jasmonic acid, ethylene, abscisic etc. this perspective, dictated plethora interacting genes, proteins, transcription factors (TFs). The genes genetic regulators (TFs regulatory proteins) are associated fine-tune activating systemic localized cascade, triggering for pathogenesis-related (PR) phytoalexins, etc., modulate pathogen effectors. way, boosts plant's system acquired resistance (SAR) induced (ISR). addition, gene editing epigenetic regulation SA-responsive valuable innovative tools understand decipher complex SA-involved mechanism future utilities make climate-adaptive plants resistance.

Язык: Английский

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Plant pangenomes for crop improvement, biodiversity and evolution

Nature Reviews Genetics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(8), С. 563 - 577

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2024

Язык: Английский

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A membrane associated tandem kinase from wild emmer wheat confers broad-spectrum resistance to powdery mildew

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2024

Abstract Crop wild relatives offer natural variations of disease resistance for crop improvement. Here, we report the isolation broad-spectrum powdery mildew gene Pm36 , originated from emmer wheat, that encodes a tandem kinase with transmembrane domain (WTK7-TM) through combination map-based cloning, PacBio SMRT long-read genome sequencing, mutagenesis, and transformation. Mutagenesis assay reveals two domains WTK7-TM are critical function. Consistently, in vitro phosphorylation shows indispensable activity WTK7-TM. Haplotype analysis uncovers is an orphan only present few indicating its single ancient origin potential contribution to current wheat pool. Overall, our findings not provide great breeding but also sheds light into mechanism underlying resistance.

Язык: Английский

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Wheat powdery mildew resistance gene Pm13 encodes a mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Март 19, 2024

Abstract Wheat powdery mildew is one of the most destructive diseases threatening global wheat production. The wild relatives constitute rich sources diversity for resistance. Here, we report map-based cloning resistance gene Pm13 from species Aegilops longissima . encodes a mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) protein that contains an N-terminal-domain MLKL (MLKL_NTD) domain in its N-terminus and C-terminal serine/threonine (STK) domain. function validated by mutagenesis, silencing, transgenic assay, allelic association analyses. development introgression lines with significantly reduced chromosome segments Ae. encompassing enables widespread deployment this into cultivars. may provide valuable insights molecular mechanisms underlying -mediated highlight important roles fusion proteins (KFPs) immunity.

Язык: Английский

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Pm57 from Aegilops searsii encodes a tandem kinase protein and confers wheat powdery mildew resistance

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2024

Abstract Powdery mildew is a devastating disease that affects wheat yield and quality. Wheat wild relatives represent valuable sources of resistance genes. Cloning characterization these genes will facilitate their incorporation into breeding programs. Here, we report the cloning Pm57 , powdery gene from Aegilops searsii . It encodes tandem kinase protein with putative kinase-pseudokinase domains followed by von Willebrand factor A domain (WTK-vWA), being ortholog Lr9 mediates leaf rust resistance. The function validated via independent mutants, silencing, transgenic assays. Stable lines introgression exhibit high levels all-stage to diverse isolates Bgt fungus, no negative impacts on agronomic parameters are observed in our experimental set-up. Our findings highlight emerging role fusion proteins plant provide for breeding.

Язык: Английский

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Fine mapping of Pm71, a novel powdery mildew resistance gene from emmer wheat

The Crop Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Avirulence depletion assay: Combining R gene-mediated selection with bulk sequencing for rapid avirulence gene identification in wheat powdery mildew

PLoS Pathogens, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 21(1), С. e1012799 - e1012799

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025

Wheat production is threatened by multiple fungal pathogens, such as the wheat powdery mildew fungus ( Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici , Bgt ). resistance breeding frequently relies on use of R ) genes that encode diverse immune receptors which detect specific avirulence AVR effectors and subsequently induce an response. While gene cloning has accelerated recently, identification in many pathogens including lags behind, preventing pathogen-informed deployment sources. Here we describe a new “avirulence depletion (AD) assay” for rapid . This assay selection segregating, haploid F1 progeny population resistant host, followed bulk sequencing, thereby allowing candidate with high mapping resolution. In proof-of-concept experiment mapped component receptor Pm3a to 25 kb genomic interval harboring single effector, previously described AvrPm3 a2/f2 Subsequently, applied AD map unknown effector recognized Pm60 receptor. We show AvrPm60 encoded three tandemly arrayed, nearly identical trigger response upon co-expression its alleles Pm60a Pm60b furthermore provide evidence outperforms through more efficient recognition effectors, suggesting it should be prioritized breeding. Finally, virulence towards caused simultaneous deletion all paralogs isolates lacking are especially prevalent US limiting potential this region. The powerful tool inexpensive contribute decisions novel regionally tailored deployment.

Язык: Английский

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Omics: A new, promising technologies for boosting crop yield and stress resilience in African agriculture

Plant Stress, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11, С. 100366 - 100366

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2024

African agricultural systems are now in crucial need to assure food for the overgrowing population. To meet this challenges, we better way identify and modify key proteins genes involved yield potential, nutrient value, stress tolerance crops like maize, sorghum, soybeans, cassava, rice, etc. The deep understanding of metabolomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, genomics has proven be a useful tool increasing crop resilience Africa. However, there is very little information available regarding recent use omics technology increase yields This review provided advances plants molecular profiling techniques enhance our breeding strategies grown study will plant technologies inform strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Two functional CC‐NBS‐LRR proteins from rye chromosome 6RS confer differential age‐related powdery mildew resistance to wheat

Plant Biotechnology Journal, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 22(1), С. 66 - 81

Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2023

Summary Rye ( Secale cereale ), a valuable relative of wheat, contains abundant powdery mildew resistance Pm ) genes. Using physical mapping, transcriptome sequencing, barley stripe mosaic virus‐induced gene silencing, ethyl methane sulfonate mutagenesis, and stable transformation, we isolated validated two coiled‐coil, nucleotide‐binding site leucine‐rich repeat (CC‐NBS‐LRR) alleles, PmTR1 PmTR3 , located on rye chromosome 6RS from different triticale lines. confers age‐related starting the three‐leaf stage, whereas its allele, typical all‐stage resistance, which may be associated with their differential expression patterns. Overexpression in Nicotiana benthamiana showed that CC, CC‐NBS, CC‐LRR fragments PMTR1 induce cell death, PMTR3 CC full‐length perform this function. Luciferase complementation imaging pull‐down assays revealed distinct interaction activities between NBS fragments. Our study elucidates novel rye‐derived genes derivative germplasm resources provides insights into mechanism can aid improvement against wheat mildew.

Язык: Английский

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Fine mapping of the powdery mildew resistance gene PmXQ-0508 in bread wheat

The Crop Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(4), С. 1176 - 1184

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024

In a wheat breeding line XQ-0508 showing consistent resistance to powdery mildew disease, recessive gene, designated PmXQ-0508, was identified and mapped distal region on chromosome arm 2BS. Of three resistance-associated genes in this region, one encoding protein kinase selected as the primary candidate for PmXQ-0508. Ten closely linked DNA markers developed study could be used marker-assisted selection powdery-mildew programs.

Язык: Английский

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