Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
169, С. 112914 - 112914
Опубликована: Сен. 5, 2022
Fossil
fuels
are
currently
the
most
significant
energy
sources.
They
expected
to
become
less
available
and
more
expensive,
leading
a
great
demand
for
conservation
alternative
As
sustainable
renewable
source,
Biomass
has
piqued
interest
in
generating
bioenergy
biofuels
over
recent
years.
The
thermal
conversion
of
biomass
through
pyrolysis
is
an
easy,
useful,
low-cost
process
that
can
be
applied
wide
variety
feedstocks.
Pyrolysis
characteristics
different
feedstock
samples
analyzed
examined
thermogravimetric
analysis
(TGA).
TGA
been
essential
tool
widely
used
investigate
substance
under
heating
environments,
such
as
thermodegradation
dynamics
kinetics.
Studying
potential
waste
carves
pathway
into
circular
bioeconomy
regime,
help
tackle
our
heavy
reliance
on
nonrenewable
This
study
aims
give
deep
insight
use
aiding
research
development
portrayed
by
wastes
discussed.
effects
operating
parameters
also
illustrated.
A
comprehensive
understanding
evolved
products
during
stage
gained
combining
with
other
analytical
methods.
pros
cons
using
outlined.
Overall,
in-depth
literature
review
helps
identify
current
trends
technological
improvements
(i.e.,
integrating
artificial
intelligence)
pyrolysis.
The Lancet Public Health,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
7(11), С. e942 - e965
Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2022
In
the
past
few
decades,
major
public
health
advances
have
happened
in
Europe,
with
drastic
decreases
premature
mortality
and
a
life
expectancy
increase
of
almost
9
years
since
1980.
European
countries
some
best
health-care
systems
world.
However,
Europe
is
challenged
unprecedented
overlapping
crises
that
are
detrimental
to
human
livelihoods
threaten
adaptive
capacity,
including
COVID-19
pandemic,
Russian
invasion
Ukraine,
fastest-growing
migrant
crisis
World
War
2,
population
displacement,
environmental
degradation,
deepening
inequalities.
Compared
pre-industrial
times,
mean
average
surface
air
temperature
has
been
1°C
higher
than
global
increase,
2022
was
hottest
summer
on
record.
As
world's
third
largest
economy
contributor
cumulative
greenhouse
gas
emissions,
key
stakeholder
response
climate
change
responsibility
opportunity
lead
transition
becoming
low-carbon
healthier,
more
resilient
society.
The
Lancet
Countdown
collaboration
44
leading
researchers,
established
monitor
links
between
support
robust,
evidence-informed
protect
health.
Mirroring
Global
Countdown,
this
report
monitors
effects
co-benefits
action
Europe.
Indicators
will
be
updated
an
annual
basis
new
indicators
incorporated
provide
broad
overview
help
guide
policies
create
climate-resilient
future.
Intergovernmental
Panel
Climate
Change
exposed
how
dangerously
close
world
reaching
climate-driven
points
no
return.
Alarming
increases
health-related
hazards,
vulnerabilities,
exposures,
impacts
from
across
show
urgent
need
for
ambitious
mitigation
targets
restrict
rise
less
1·5°C
above
levels
effective
adaptation
strategies
build
resilience
increasing
threats
change.
Population
exposure
heatwaves
increased
by
57%
2010–19
compared
2000–09,
250%
regions,
putting
older
people,
young
children,
people
underlying
chronic
conditions,
who
do
not
adequate
access
care
at
high
risk
heat-related
morbidity
(indicator
1.1.2).
warming
observed
2000
2020
associated
estimated
temperature-related
most
regions
monitored,
15·1
additional
deaths
per
million
inhabitants
decade
(95%
CI
–1·51
31·6;
indicator
1.1.4).
Besides
direct
impacts,
heat
also
undermines
people's
social
determinants
reducing
labour
capacity.
Labour
supply
highly
sectors
(eg,
agriculture)
lower
2016–19
1965–94
because
4.1.2).
driving
increasingly
intense
frequent
climate-related
extreme
events
both
indirect
loss
infrastructure,
economic
costs.
Between
2011
2020,
55%
had
extreme-to-exceptional
drought
1.2.2),
were
record
losses
2021,
totalling
€48
billion
4.1.1).
changing
conditions
shifting
suitability
transmission
various
infectious
diseases.
An
percentage
coastal
waters
showing
suitable
pathogenic
non-cholerae
Vibrio
1.3.1),
climatic
dengue
30%
1950s
1.3.3),
West
Nile
virus
outbreaks
149%
southern
163%
central
eastern
1986–2020
1951–85
1.3.2).
Warmer
temperatures
flowering
seasons
several
allergenic
tree
species,
birch,
olive,
alder
beginning
10–20
days
earlier
41
ago,
affecting
around
40%
pollen
allergies
1.4.1).
These
interconnecting
which
evolving
against
backdrop
pandemic
devastating
war
reveal
interventions
sector
hazards.
Some
progress
made
Europe's
adaptation.
15
(68%)
22
reported
having
national
or
plans
2.1.2),
10
(45%)
conducting
vulnerability
assessment
2.1.1).
150
cities
(76%)
performing
city-level
assessments,
118
(59·9%)
reporting
threatens
their
services
2.1.3).
Population-weighted
greenness
countries,
smallest
western
2.2.2).
often
needs
compete
scarce
financial
resources,
enactment
alone
sufficient
advance
With
rise,
efforts
must
rapidly
accelerate
carefully
implemented
alongside
strategies.
1·2°C
warmer
magnitude
interconnected
warning
consequences
exceeding
target
Paris
Agreement.
should
reach
net-zero
emission
2050
meet
Agreement
commitments.
current
emissions
excessively
5·6
tonnes
(t)CO2
person
just
combustion
fossil
fuels
energy
production
3.1.1).
region's
delayed
could
costing
millions
lives
each
year,
only
exacerbating
change,
but
given
missed
deliver.
continued
burning
led
117
000
particulate
matter
2·5
μm
diameter
(PM2·5)
pollution,
transport
being
main
3.2).
Importantly,
coal
contributed
12%
total
inefficient
fuel
source
substantially
contributes
pollution
3.1.2).
excessive
consumption
high-carbon,
meat-rich
diets
2·2
2019
3.4.1),
food
demand
responsible
tCO2
equivalent
(eq)
emitted
person,
accounting
37%
carbon
footprint
EU27
(ie,
27
EU
after
UK
left;
3.4.2).
despite
clear
substantial
opportunities
action,
23
(43%)
53
analysed
allocating
funds
deliver
overall
subsidies,
financially
constraining
decarbonisation
4.2.1).
implementation
locally
generated,
sources
susceptible
volatile
prices,
reached
values
2022.
Ukraine
shown
over-reliance
fuels,
crisis.
While
trying
recover
responding
multiple
coinciding
disasters,
recovery
hindered
negative
its
determinants,
emphasising
action.
To
avoid
catastrophic
temperatures,
makes
it
fully
decarbonise
power
2035,
all
coal-fired
plants
globally
closing
2040.
Despite
date,
within
suggest
might
underway.
Although
engagement
intersection
low
generally,
political
Parliament
slightly
2014
5.3).
Engagement
scientific
5.1)
corporate
5.4)
1990
increased.
accompanied
small
changes
system;
generation
renewable
rate
16%
year
3.1.3),
if
maintained,
system
years.
important
forming
geopolitical
situation.
decades
delay
switching
risks
greater
short
term.
Even
as
temporary
measure,
use
add
approximately
8000
plants,
domestic
3.2),
reversing
gains
undermining
Increasing
reliance
would
further
warming,
wellbeing.
REPowerEU
plan
published
March,
2022,
aiming
clean
sources,
provides
hope,
reaffirming
leadership
providing
benefits,
sovereignty,
security,
net
creation
equitable
jobs,
added
benefits
reduced
fuels.
accelerated
save
year.
return
crisis,
populations
undermined
crucial
point
If
designed
health,
wellbeing,
equity
focus,
represent
biggest
policy
century.
Ambitious
wellbeing
least
anthropogenic
danger
means
cannot
afford
miss
such
opportunity.
Eco-Environment & Health,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
1(2), С. 53 - 62
Опубликована: Май 7, 2022
Global
warming
has
been
changing
the
planet's
climate
pattern,
leading
to
increasing
frequency,
intensity
and
duration
of
extreme
weather
events
natural
disasters.
These
climate-changing
affect
various
health
outcomes
adversely
through
complicated
pathways.
This
paper
reviews
main
signs
change
so
far,
e.g.,
suboptimal
ambient
temperature,
sea-level
rise
other
conditions,
depicts
interactive
pathways
between
different
such
as
wildfires,
floods
with
a
broad
range
outcomes.
Meanwhile,
modifying
effect
socioeconomic,
demographic
environmental
factors
on
is
summarised,
that
youth,
elderly,
females,
poor
those
living
in
coastal
regions
are
particularly
susceptible
change.
Although
Earth
whole
expected
suffer
from
change,
this
review
article
discusses
some
potential
benefits
for
certain
regions,
more
liveable
environment
sufficient
food
supply.
Finally,
we
summarise
mitigation
adaptation
strategies
against
how
these
may
benefit
human
ways.
provides
comprehensive
concise
introduction
possible
solutions,
which
map
directions
future
research.
PLOS Climate,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
2(11), С. e0000236 - e0000236
Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2023
The
impact
of
climate
change
on
reproductive
decision-making
is
becoming
a
significant
issue,
with
anecdotal
evidence
indicating
growing
number
people
factoring
their
concerns
about
into
childbearing
plans.
Although
empirical
research
has
explored
and
its
relationship
to
mental
health,
as
well
the
motivations
behind
independently,
gap
in
literature
remains
that
bridges
these
topics
at
nexus.
This
review
endeavours
fill
this
by
synthesising
available
connecting
change-related
exploring
reasons
relationship.
A
systematic
using
six
databases
was
conducted
identify
relevant
literature.
Included
studies
reported
quantitative,
qualitative,
mixed-methods
data
related
to:
(1)
change,
(2)
health
wellbeing
concerns,
(3)
decision-making.
Findings
were
synthesised
narratively
parallel-results
convergent
synthesis
design
quality
appraised
three
validated
assessment
tools.
Four
hundred
forty-six
documents
screened
pre-defined
inclusion
criteria,
resulting
thirteen
studies.
between
2012
2022
primarily
Global
North
countries
(e.g.,
USA,
Canada,
New
Zealand,
European
countries).
Climate
typically
associated
less
positive
attitudes
towards
reproduction
desire
and/or
intent
for
fewer
children
or
none
all.
themes
explaining
identified:
uncertainty
future
an
unborn
child,
environmentalist
views
centred
overpopulation
overconsumption,
meeting
family
subsistence
needs,
environmental
political
sentiments.
current
reveals
complex
decision-making,
grounded
ethical,
environmental,
livelihood,
considerations.
Further
required
better
understand
address
issue
intercultural
approach,
particularly
among
many
highly
affected
South
populations,
ensure
comparability
generalisable
results.
