Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2023
Hepatocellular
carcinoma
(HCC)
is
the
most
common
primary
liver
malignancy
and
third
leading
cause
of
tumor-related
mortality
worldwide.
In
recent
years,
emergency
immune
checkpoint
inhibitor
(ICI)
has
revolutionized
management
HCC.
Especially,
combination
atezolizumab
(anti-PD1)
bevacizumab
(anti-VEGF)
been
approved
by
FDA
as
first-line
treatment
for
advanced
Despite
great
breakthrough
in
systemic
therapy,
HCC
continues
to
portend
a
poor
prognosis
owing
drug
resistance
frequent
recurrence.
The
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
complex
structured
mixture
characterized
abnormal
angiogenesis,
chronic
inflammation,
dysregulated
extracellular
matrix
(ECM)
remodeling,
collectively
contributing
immunosuppressive
milieu
that
turn
prompts
proliferation,
invasion,
metastasis.
coexists
interacts
with
various
cells
maintain
development
It
widely
accepted
dysfunctional
tumor-immune
ecosystem
can
lead
failure
surveillance.
TME
an
external
evasion
consisting
1)
cells;
2)
co-inhibitory
signals;
3)
soluble
cytokines
signaling
cascades;
4)
metabolically
hostile
microenvironment;
5)
gut
microbiota
affects
microenvironment.
Importantly,
effectiveness
immunotherapy
largely
depends
on
(TIME).
Also,
metabolism
profoundly
affect
Understanding
how
progression
will
contribute
better
preventing
HCC-specific
overcoming
already
developed
therapies.
this
review,
we
mainly
introduce
underlying
role
microenvironment,
describe
dynamic
interaction
microbiome,
propose
therapeutic
strategies
manipulate
favor
more
effective
immunotherapy.
Science,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
371(6529), С. 602 - 609
Опубликована: Дек. 10, 2020
New
fecal
microbiota
for
cancer
patients
The
composition
of
the
gut
microbiome
influences
response
to
immunotherapies.
Baruch
et
al.
and
Davar
report
first-in-human
clinical
trials
test
whether
transplantation
(FMT)
can
affect
how
metastatic
melanoma
respond
anti–PD-1
immunotherapy
(see
Perspective
by
Woelk
Snyder).
Both
studies
observed
evidence
benefit
in
a
subset
treated
patients.
This
included
increased
abundance
taxa
previously
shown
be
associated
with
anti–PD-1,
CD8
+
T
cell
activation,
decreased
frequency
interleukin-8–expressing
myeloid
cells,
which
are
involved
immunosuppression.
These
provide
proof-of-concept
ability
FMT
Science
,
this
issue
p.
602
595
;
see
also
573
Microbial
roles
in
cancer
formation,
diagnosis,
prognosis,
and
treatment
have
been
disputed
for
centuries.
Recent
studies
provocatively
claimed
that
bacteria,
viruses,
and/or
fungi
are
pervasive
among
cancers,
key
actors
immunotherapy,
engineerable
to
treat
metastases.
Despite
these
findings,
the
number
of
microbes
known
directly
cause
carcinogenesis
remains
small.
Critically
evaluating
building
frameworks
such
evidence
light
modern
biology
is
an
important
task.
In
this
Review,
we
delineate
between
causal
complicit
trace
common
themes
their
influence
through
host's
immune
system,
herein
defined
as
immuno-oncology-microbiome
axis.
We
further
review
intratumoral
approaches
manipulate
gut
or
tumor
microbiome
while
projecting
next
phase
experimental
discovery.
Current Oncology,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
27(12), С. 87 - 97
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2020
Compared
with
previous
standards
of
care
(including
chemotherapy,
radiotherapy,
and
surgery),
cancer
immunotherapy
has
brought
significant
improvements
for
patients
in
terms
survival
quality
life.
Immunotherapy
now
firmly
established
itself
as
a
novel
pillar
care,
from
the
metastatic
stage
to
adjuvant
neoadjuvant
settings
numerous
types.
In
this
review
article,
we
highlight
how
history
paved
way
discoveries
that
are
part
standard
care.
We
also
current
pitfalls
limitations
checkpoint
research
fields
personalized
vaccines,
autoimmunity,
microbiome,
tumour
microenvironment,
metabolomics
is
aiming
solve
those
challenges.
Cell Research,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
30(6), С. 507 - 519
Опубликована: Май 28, 2020
Abstract
Immunotherapy
holds
the
potential
to
induce
durable
responses,
but
only
a
minority
of
patients
currently
respond.
The
etiologies
primary
and
secondary
resistance
immunotherapy
are
multifaceted,
deriving
not
from
tumor
intrinsic
factors,
also
complex
interplay
between
cancer
its
microenvironment.
In
addressing
frontiers
in
clinical
immunotherapy,
we
describe
two
categories
approaches
design
novel
drugs
combination
therapies:
first
involves
direct
modification
tumor,
while
second
indirectly
enhances
immunogenicity
through
alteration
By
systematically
factors
that
mediate
resistance,
able
identify
mechanistically-driven
improve
outcomes.
Journal of Hematology & Oncology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2022
The
gut
microbiota
have
long
been
recognized
to
play
a
key
role
in
human
health
and
disease.
Currently,
several
lines
of
evidence
from
preclinical
clinical
research
gradually
established
that
the
can
modulate
antitumor
immunity
affect
efficacy
cancer
immunotherapies,
especially
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs).
Deciphering
underlying
mechanisms
reveals
reprogram
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
by
engaging
innate
and/or
adaptive
cells.
Notably,
one
primary
modes
which
is
means
metabolites,
are
small
molecules
could
spread
their
initial
location
impact
local
systemic
response
promote
ICI
efficiency.
Mechanistic
exploration
provides
novel
insights
for
developing
rational
microbiota-based
therapeutic
strategies
manipulating
microbiota,
such
as
fecal
transplantation
(FMT),
probiotics,
engineered
microbiomes,
specific
microbial
augment
advance
age
utilization
precision
medicine.
FEBS Journal,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
287(5), С. 833 - 855
Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2020
The
intestinal
milieu
harbours
the
gut
microbiota,
consisting
of
a
complex
community
bacteria,
archaea,
fungi,
viruses
and
protozoans
that
bring
to
host
organism
an
endowment
cells
genes
more
numerous
than
its
own.
In
last
10
years,
mounting
evidence
has
highlighted
prominent
influence
mutualistic
bacterial
communities
on
human
health.
Microbial
colonization
occurs
alongside
with
immune
system
development
plays
role
in
physiology.
microbiota
does
not
undergo
significant
fluctuations
throughout
adult
life.
However,
infections,
antibiotic
treatment,
lifestyle,
surgery
diet
might
profoundly
affect
it.
Gut
dysbiosis,
defined
as
marked
alterations
amount
function
microorganisms,
is
correlated
aetiology
chronic
noncommunicable
diseases,
ranging
from
cardiovascular,
neurologic,
respiratory
metabolic
illnesses
cancer.
this
review,
we
focus
interplay
among
provide
perspective
their
unique
metabolites
pathogenesis
and/or
progression
various
disorders.
We
discuss
interventions
based
microbiome
studies,
faecal
transplantation,
probiotics
prebiotics,
introduce
concept
correcting
dysbiosis
can
ameliorate
disease
symptoms,
thus
offering
new
approach
towards
treatment.
