Marine transmissible cancer navigates urbanized waters, threatening spillover

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 291(2017)

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2024

Inter-individual transmission of cancer cells represents a unique form microparasites increasingly reported in marine bivalves. In this study, we sought to understand the ecology propagation Mytilus trossulus Bivalve Transmissible Neoplasia 2 (MtrBTN2), transmissible affecting four mussel species worldwide. We investigated prevalence MtrBTN2 mosaic hybrid zone M. edulis and galloprovincialis along French Atlantic coast, sampling contrasting natural anthropogenic habitats. observed similar both species, probably due spatial proximity two region. Our results showed that ports had higher MtrBTN2, with possible hotspot at shuttle landing dock. No was found beds except for sites close hotspot, suggesting spillover. Ports may provide favourable conditions such as high density, stressful conditions, sheltered confined shores or buffered temperatures. Ships also spread disease through biofouling. suggest serve epidemiological hubs, maritime routes providing artificial gateways propagation. This highlights importance preventing biofouling on docks ship hulls limit pathogens hosted by fouling species.

Язык: Английский

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Heat sensitivity of first host and cercariae may restrict parasite transmission in a warming sea

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2022

Abstract To predict global warming impacts on parasitism, we should describe the thermal tolerance of all players in host–parasite systems. Complex life-cycle parasites such as trematodes are particular interest since they can drive complex ecological changes. This study evaluates net response to temperature infective larval stage Himasthla elongata , a parasite inhabiting southwestern Baltic Sea. The sensitivity (i) infected and uninfected first intermediate host ( Littorina littorea ) (ii) cercarial emergence, survival, self-propelling, encystment, infection capacity second Mytilus edulis sensu lato) were examined. We found that by trematode rendered gastropod more susceptible elevated temperatures representing warm summer events region. At 22 °C, emergence infectivity at their optimum while survival was shortened, narrowing time window for successful mussel infection. Faster out-of-host encystment occurred increasing temperatures. After correcting temperature-specific induces adverse effects transmission bivalve host. findings suggest cercariae mortality, tradeoff infectivity, will hamper possibility flourish ocean.

Язык: Английский

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Factors Affecting Infection Levels in the Salamander Host Desmognathus amphileucus by a Digenetic Trematode Within Appalachian Headwater Streams

Herpetologica, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 80(2)

Опубликована: Март 11, 2024

Headwater streams are critical, fragile ecosystems that supply food and nutrients for an array of organisms vital to the overall health a stream. As dominant vertebrates in headwater southern Appalachian Mountains, plethodontid salamanders critical healthy communities. However, neglected feature these is community parasites infect salamanders. The digenetic trematode Metagonimoides oregonensis uses aquatic snail Elimia proxima as its first intermediate host salamander Desmognathus amphileucus second host. In series streams, we tested hypothesis variance prevalence intensity infection hosts related respective densities species. Infection was 100% across all streams. There strong relationship between density infection-intensity level with not important, finding conflicts results parasitological studies involving lentic marine systems. influence this on ecology resident has been underappreciated, number aspects remain unknown.

Язык: Английский

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Invasion of the body snatchers: the role of parasite introduction in host distribution and response to salinity in invaded estuaries

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 288(1953)

Опубликована: Июнь 23, 2021

In dynamic systems, organisms are faced with variable selective forces that may impose trade-offs. estuaries, salinity is a strong driver of organismal diversity, while parasites shape species distributions and demography. We tested for trade-offs between low-salinity stress parasitism in an invasive castrating parasite its mud crab host along gradients two North Carolina rivers. performed field surveys every six to eight weeks over 3 years determine factors influencing prevalence, abundance, associated taxa diversity. also looked signatures the by examining response (time-to-right gene expression) salinity. found temperature significantly affected sites (less than 10 practical units (PSU)) lacking infection, populations moderate salinities at warmer temperatures reaching prevalence as high 60%. Host abundance was negatively prevalence. expression plastic acclimation salinity, but several osmoregulatory immune-related genes demonstrated source-dependent response. identified genetic marker strongly against backdrop no neutral structure, suggesting possible selection on standing variation. Our study illuminates how naturally systems evolutionary ecology.

Язык: Английский

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Effect of predation risk on parasite transmission from first to second intermediate trematode hosts

Journal of Animal Ecology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 92(5), С. 991 - 1000

Опубликована: Март 30, 2023

Predators can affect parasite-host interactions when directly preying on hosts or their parasites. However, predators may also have non-consumptive indirect effects adjust behaviour physiology in response to predator presence. In this study, we examined how chemical cues from a predatory marine crab the transmission of parasitic trematode its first (periwinkle) second (mussel) intermediate host. Laboratory experiments revealed that crabs lead threefold increase release cercariae periwinkles as result increased periwinkle activity. This positive effect was contrasted by 10-fold reduction cercarial infection rates host experimentally exposed mussels and cues. The low were caused substantial mussel filtration activity presence cues, preventing entering mussels. To assess combined net both processes, conducted experiment between infected uninfected Infection levels treatments with sevenfold lower than without suggests predation risk susceptibility counteract elevated parasite hosts, negative transmission. These highlight opposing directions at different stages parasite's life cycle. Such complex constitute an important mechanism affecting prevalence distribution patterns parasites across

Язык: Английский

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Impact of anthropogenous environmental factors on the marine ecosystem of trophically transmitted helminths and hosting seabirds: Focus on North Atlantic, North Sea, Baltic and the Arctic seas

Helminthologia, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 60(4), С. 300 - 326

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2023

Summary Alongside natural factors, human activities have a major impact on the marine environment and thus influence processes in vulnerable ecosystems. The purpose of this review is to summarise current understanding as how manmade factors biocenosis helminths, their intermediate hosts well seabirds final hosts. Moreover, it highlights knowledge gaps regarding ecosystem, which should be closed order gain more complete these interactions. This work primarily focused helminths parasitizing North Atlantic Arctic Ocean. complex life cycles seabird may impacted by fishing aquaculture, they interfere with abundance fish species, while latter also affects geographical distribution (marine bivalve species), therefore alter intertwined ecosystem. Increasing temperatures seawater acidification environmental pollutants negative or positive effects different parts interactive ecosystem entail shifts regional parasites and/or Organic trace elements weaken immune system hosting hence affect host’s ability control endoparasites. On other hand, some cases seem function sink for resulting decreased concentrations heavy metals birds’ tissues. Furthermore, article describes role mass mortality events amongst populations, beside causes (weather, viral bacterial infections) anthropogenous origin (e.g. oil spills, climate change, overfishing pollution).

Язык: Английский

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Drivers of richness and abundance of parasites of fishes from an intermittent river before and after an interbasin water transfer in the Brazilian semi-arid region

Parasitology Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 123(9)

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Parasitism enhances gastropod feeding on invasive and native algae while altering essential energy reserves for organismal homeostasis upon warming

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 863, С. 160727 - 160727

Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Biotic and abiotic drivers affect parasite richness, prevalence and abundance inMytilus galloprovincialisalong the Northern Adriatic Sea

Parasitology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 149(1), С. 15 - 23

Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2021

Abstract Although it is generally known that a combination of abiotic and biotic drivers shapes the distribution abundance parasites, our understanding interplay these factors remains to be assessed for most marine host species. The present field survey investigated spatial patterns richness, prevalence parasites in Mytilus galloprovincialis along coast northern Adriatic Sea. Herein, relationships between (host size, density local parasite richness mussel population) (eutrophication salinity) individuals, were analysed. Local was relevant factor driving species individuals. Prevalence mainly driven by eutrophication levels three out four Similarly, two Mussel salinity had only minor contributions best fitting models. This study highlights influence on infections mussels can differentially conveyed, depending infection measure applied, i.e. or abundance. Furthermore, stresses importance as major influencing

Язык: Английский

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Marine transmissible cancer navigates urbanised waters, threatening to spillover

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2023

Abstract Inter-individual transmission of cancer cells represents a unique form microparasites increasingly reported in marine bivalves. In this study, we sought to understand the ecology propagation Mytilus trossulus Bivalve Transmissible Neoplasia 2 (MtrBTN2), transmissible affecting four mussel species worldwide. We investigated prevalence MtrBTN2 mosaic hybrid zone M. edulis and galloprovincialis along French Atlantic coast, sampling contrasting natural anthropogenic habitats. observed similar both species, likely due spatial proximity two region. Our results showed that ports had higher MtrBTN2, with possible hotspot at shuttle landing dock. No was found beds except for sites close hotspot, suggesting spillover. Ports may provide favourable conditions such as high density, stressful conditions, sheltered confined shores, or buffered temperatures. Ships also spread disease through biofouling. suggest serve epidemiological hubs, maritime routes providing artificial gateways propagation. This highlights importance preventing biofouling on docks ship hulls limit pathogens hosted by fouling species.

Язык: Английский

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