Ultrasound-Responsive Systems as Components for Smart Materials

Chemical Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 122(5), С. 5165 - 5208

Опубликована: Ноя. 12, 2021

Smart materials can respond to stimuli and adapt their responses based on external cues from environments. Such behavior requires a way transport energy efficiently then convert it for use in applications such as actuation, sensing, or signaling. Ultrasound carry safely with low losses through complex opaque media. It be localized small regions of space couple systems over wide range time scales. However, the same characteristics that allow ultrasound propagate make difficult acoustic into other useful forms. Recent work across diverse fields has begun address this challenge, demonstrating ultrasonic effects provide control physical chemical surprisingly high specificity. Here, we review recent progress ultrasound-matter interactions, focusing incorporated components smart materials. These techniques build fundamental phenomena cavitation, microstreaming, scattering, radiation forces enable capabilities payload delivery, initiation biological processes. The diversity emerging holds great promise supported by poses interesting questions further investigations.

Язык: Английский

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Stimuli-Responsive Crystalline Smart Materials: From Rational Design and Fabrication to Applications

Accounts of Chemical Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 55(7), С. 1047 - 1058

Опубликована: Март 16, 2022

Stimuli-responsive smart materials that can undergo reversible chemical/physical changes under external stimuli such as mechanical stress, heat, light, gas, electricity, and pH, are currently attracting increasing attention in the fields of sensors, actuators, optoelectronic devices, information storage, medical applications, so forth. The current mostly concentrate on polymers, carbon materials, crystalline liquids, hydrogels, which have no or low structural order (i.e., responsive groups/moieties disorderly structures), inevitably introducing deficiencies a relatively response speeds, energy transformation inefficiencies, unclear structure-property relationships. Consequently, with well-defined regular molecular arrays offer new opportunity to create novel improved stimuli-responsive performance. Crystalline include framework (e.g., metal-organic frameworks, MOFs; covalent organic COFs) crystals molecules cages), obvious advantages compared amorphous materials. For example, be uniformly installed skeleton crystal form ordered arrays, making transfer between external-stimulus signals sites much faster more efficiently. Besides that, structures facilitate situ characterization their at level by means various techniques high-tech equipment spectra single-crystal/powder X-ray diffraction, thus benefiting investigation understanding mechanism behind behaviors Nevertheless, some unsolved challenges remain for (CSMs), hampering fabrication material systems practical applications. instance, materials' crystallinity increases, processability properties usually decrease, unavoidably hindering application. Moreover, exist micro/nanosized powders, difficult make macroscale. Thus, developing strategies balance establishing macroscale great significance applications.In this Account, we mainly summarize recent research progress achieved our groups, including (i) rational design an in-depth relationship (ii) creating modification improve Overall, Account summarizes state-of-the-art points out existing future development directions field.

Язык: Английский

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The shape – morphing performance of magnetoactive soft materials

Materials & Design, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 211, С. 110172 - 110172

Опубликована: Окт. 14, 2021

Magnetoactive soft materials (MSMs) are polymeric composites filled with magnetic particles that an emerging class of smart and multifunctional immense potentials to be used in various applications including but not limited artificial muscles, robotics, controlled drug delivery, minimally invasive surgery, metamaterials. Advantages MSMs include remote contactless actuation multiple modes, high strain rate, self-sensing, fast response etc. Having broad functional behaviours offered by the fillers embedded within non-magnetic matrices, undoubtedly one most promising where shape-morphing, dynamic locomotion, reconfigurable structures highly required. This review article provides a comprehensive picture focusing on materials, manufacturing processes, programming techniques, behaviours, experimental characterisations, device-related achievements current state-of-the-art discusses future perspectives. Overall, this only overview MSMs' research development also functions as systematic guideline towards multifunctional, sophisticated magnetoactive devices.

Язык: Английский

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Smart micro- and nanorobots for water purification

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 1(4), С. 236 - 251

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2023

Язык: Английский

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3D-printed microrobots from design to translation

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2022

Microrobots have attracted the attention of scientists owing to their unique features accomplish tasks in hard-to-reach sites human body. can be precisely actuated and maneuvered individually or a swarm for cargo delivery, sampling, surgery, imaging applications. In addition, microrobots found applications environmental sector (e.g., water treatment). Besides, recent advancements three-dimensional (3D) printers enabled high-resolution fabrication with faster design-production turnaround time users limited micromanufacturing skills. Here, latest end 3D printed are reviewed (ranging from biomedical applications) along brief discussion over feasible actuation methods on- off-board), practical printing technologies microrobot fabrication. as future perspective, we discussed potential advantages integration smart materials, conceivable benefits implementation artificial intelligence (AI), well physical (PI). Moreover, order facilitate bench-to-bedside translation microrobots, current challenges impeding clinical elaborated, including entry obstacles immune system attacks) cumbersome standard test procedures ensure biocompatibility.

Язык: Английский

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Magnetic Nanorobots as Maneuverable Immunoassay Probes for Automated and Efficient Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay

ACS Nano, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 16(1), С. 180 - 191

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2022

As a typical, classical, but powerful biochemical sensing technology in analytical chemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) shows excellence and wide practicability for quantifying analytes of ultralow concentration. However, long incubation time burdensome laborious multistep washing processes make it inefficient labor-intensive conventional ELISA. Here, we propose rod-like magnetically driven nanorobots (MNRs) use as maneuverable immunoassay probes that facilitate strategy an automated highly efficient ELISA analysis, termed enabled (nR-ELISA). To prepare the MNRs, self-assembled chains Fe3O4 magnetic particles are chemically coated with thin layer rigid silica oxide (SiO2), onto which capture antibody (Ab1) is grafted to further achieve (MNR-Ab1s). We investigate fluid velocity distribution around MNRs at microscale using numerical simulation empirically identify mixing efficiency actively rotating MNRs. automate analysis process, design fabricate by 3-D printing detection unit consisting three function wells. The MNR-Ab1s can be steered into different wells required reaction or wishing process. enhance binding efficacy target greatly decrease time. integrated nR-ELISA system significantly reduce time, more importantly during process manpower input minimized. Our field generated Helmholtz coils demonstrates our approach scaled up, proves feasibility current construct high throughput instrument. This work taking micro/nanobots active automatic not only holds great potential point-of-care testing (POCT) future also extends practical applications self-propelled micro/nanorobots chemistry.

Язык: Английский

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Multifunctional microrobot with real-time visualization and magnetic resonance imaging for chemoembolization therapy of liver cancer

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(46)

Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2022

Microrobots that can be precisely guided to target lesions have been studied for in vivo medical applications. However, existing microrobots challenges such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, actuation module, and intra- postoperative imaging. This study reports visualized with real-time x-ray magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) magnetically tumor feeding vessels transcatheter liver chemoembolization vivo. The microrobots, composed of a hydrogel-enveloped porous structure nanoparticles, enable targeted delivery therapeutic agents via guidance from the module under In addition, tracked using MRI then slowly degrade over time. validation microrobot system–mediated was demonstrated rat model. proposed provides an advanced robotic platform overcome limitations current chemoembolization.

Язык: Английский

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Self-folding soft-robotic chains with reconfigurable shapes and functionalities

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Март 7, 2023

Magnetic continuum soft robots can actively steer their tip under an external magnetic field, enabling them to effectively navigate in complex vivo environments and perform minimally invasive interventions. However, the geometries functionalities of these robotic tools are limited by inner diameter supporting catheter as well natural orifices access ports human body. Here, we present a class soft-robotic chains (MaSoChains) that self-fold into large assemblies with stable configurations using combination elastic energies. By pushing pulling MaSoChain relative its sheath, repeated assembly disassembly programmable shapes functions achieved. MaSoChains compatible state-of-the-art navigation technologies provide many desirable features difficult realize through existing surgical tools. This strategy be further customized implemented for wide spectrum

Язык: Английский

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Stimuli-responsive flexible organic crystals

Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(6), С. 2026 - 2052

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Stimuli-responsive flexible organic crystals are a new generation of smart devices aimed towards functionalization, integration, and intelligence.

Язык: Английский

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Amoeba‐Inspired Magnetic Venom Microrobots

Small, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 19(23)

Опубликована: Март 3, 2023

Abstract Nature provides a successful evolutionary direction for single‐celled organisms to solve complex problems and complete survival tasks – pseudopodium. Amoeba, unicellular protozoan, can produce temporary pseudopods in any by controlling the directional flow of protoplasm perform important life activities such as environmental sensing, motility, predation, excretion. However, creating robotic systems with pseudopodia emulate adaptability tasking capabilities natural amoeba or amoeboid cells remains challenging. Here, this work presents strategy that uses alternating magnetic fields reconfigure droplet into Amoeba‐like microrobot, mechanisms generation locomotion are analyzed. By simply adjusting field direction, microrobots switch monopodia, bipodia, modes, performing all pseudopod operations active contraction, extension, bending, movement. The endow robots excellent maneuverability adapt variations, including spanning 3D terrains swimming bulk liquids. Inspired “Venom,” phagocytosis parasitic behaviors have also been investigated. Parasitic droplets inherit robot, expanding their applicable scenarios reagent analysis, microchemical reactions, calculi removal, drug‐mediated thrombolysis. This microrobot may provide fundamental understanding livings, potential applications biotechnology biomedicine.

Язык: Английский

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