Gels,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
11(4), С. 232 - 232
Опубликована: Март 23, 2025
Human–machine
interfacing
(HMI)
has
emerged
as
a
critical
technology
in
healthcare,
robotics,
and
wearable
electronics,
with
hydrogels
offering
unique
advantages
multifunctional
materials
that
seamlessly
connect
biological
systems
electronic
devices.
This
review
provides
detailed
examination
of
recent
advancements
hydrogel
design,
focusing
on
their
properties
potential
applications
HMI.
We
explore
the
key
characteristics
such
biocompatibility,
mechanical
flexibility,
responsiveness,
which
are
essential
for
effective
long-term
integration
tissues.
Additionally,
we
highlight
innovations
conductive
hydrogels,
hybrid
composite
materials,
fabrication
techniques
3D/4D
printing,
allow
customization
to
meet
demands
specific
HMI
applications.
Further,
discuss
diverse
classes
polymers
contribute
conductivity,
including
conducting,
natural,
synthetic,
polymers,
emphasizing
role
enhancing
electrical
performance
adaptability.
In
addition
material
examine
regulatory
landscape
governing
hydrogel-based
biointerfaces
applications,
addressing
considerations
clinical
translation
commercialization.
An
analysis
patent
insights
into
emerging
trends
shaping
future
technologies
human–machine
interactions.
The
also
covers
range
neural
interfaces,
soft
haptic
systems,
where
play
transformative
Thereafter,
addresses
challenges
face
issues
related
stability,
scalability,
while
perspectives
continued
evolution
technologies.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2025
Fiber-based
strain
sensors,
as
wearable
integrated
devices,
have
shown
substantial
promise
in
health
monitoring.
However,
current
sensors
suffer
from
limited
tunability
sensing
performance,
constraining
their
adaptability
to
diverse
human
motions.
Drawing
inspiration
the
structure
of
spiranthes
sinensis,
this
study
introduces
a
unique
textile
wrapping
technique
coil
flexible
silver
(Ag)
yarn
around
surface
multifilament
elastic
polyurethane
(PU),
thereby
constructing
helical
fiber-based
sensor.
The
synergistic
interaction
between
PU
core
and
outer
Ag
enhances
mechanical
strength
stretchability
sensor,
while
external
offers
high
conductivity.
By
adjusting
spacing
coils
on
we
achieve
precise
control
over
both
sensitivity
range.
Specifically,
experimental
results
show
that
with
pitch
1.25
mm,
range
reaches
up
150%,
gauge
factor
(GF)
is
2.6;
when
adjusted
5
within
60%
range,
GF
value
significantly
increases
9.3.
Based
these
excellent
performance
metrics,
further
apply
sensor
conductor
ECG
monitoring
garments,
successfully
verifying
its
practicality
cardiac
Additionally,
developed
smart
glove
for
hand
function
rehabilitation
training,
utilizing
wireless
signal
transmission
promote
recovery
hemiplegic
patients.
also
capable
effectively
respiratory
rate
pulse,
showing
broad
prospects
fields
medicine
healthcare.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
124(20), С. 11585 - 11636
Опубликована: Окт. 11, 2024
Soft
robotics
presents
innovative
solutions
across
different
scales.
The
flexibility
and
mechanical
characteristics
of
soft
robots
make
them
particularly
appealing
for
wearable
implantable
applications.
scale
level
invasiveness
required
depend
on
the
extent
human
interaction.
This
review
provides
a
comprehensive
overview
robots,
including
applications
in
rehabilitation,
assistance,
organ
simulation,
surgical
tools,
therapy.
We
discuss
challenges
such
as
complexity
fabrication
processes,
integration
responsive
materials,
need
robust
control
strategies,
while
focusing
advances
actuation
sensing
mechanisms,
techniques.
Finally,
we
future
outlook,
highlighting
key
proposing
potential
solutions.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
124(22), С. 12738 - 12843
Опубликована: Ноя. 5, 2024
The
quest
to
imbue
machines
with
intelligence
akin
that
of
humans,
through
the
development
adaptable
neuromorphic
devices
and
creation
artificial
neural
systems,
has
long
stood
as
a
pivotal
goal
in
both
scientific
inquiry
industrial
advancement.
Recent
advancements
flexible
electronics
primarily
rely
on
nanomaterials
polymers
owing
their
inherent
uniformity,
superior
mechanical
electrical
capabilities,
versatile
functionalities.
However,
this
field
is
still
its
nascent
stage,
necessitating
continuous
efforts
materials
innovation
device/system
design.
Therefore,
it
imperative
conduct
an
extensive
comprehensive
analysis
summarize
current
progress.
This
review
highlights
applications
neuromorphics,
involving
inorganic
(zero-/one-/two-dimensional,
heterostructure),
carbon-based
such
carbon
nanotubes
(CNTs)
graphene,
polymers.
Additionally,
comparison
summary
structural
compositions,
design
strategies,
key
performance,
significant
these
are
provided.
Furthermore,
challenges
future
directions
pertaining
materials/devices/systems
associated
neuromorphics
also
addressed.
aim
shed
light
rapidly
growing
attract
experts
from
diverse
disciplines
(e.g.,
electronics,
science,
neurobiology),
foster
further
for
accelerated
development.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2025
Abstract
Wearable
sensor
has
attracted
a
broad
interesting
in
application
prospect
of
human‐machine
interaction
(HMI).
However,
most
sensors
are
assembled
the
shape
gloves
to
accurately
capture
complex
hand
motion
information,
thereby
seriously
blocking
complete
tasks.
Herein,
wearable
pressure
based
on
drum‐structured
triboelectric
nanogenerator
(DS‐TENG)
is
developed
subtle
signals
for
physiological
signal
detection,
information
encoding,
gesture
recognition,
and
wireless
real‐time
robot
control.
The
DS‐TENG
enables
limit
detection
down
3.9
Pa
pressure,
which
can
sensitively
human
micromotion
pulse,
throat
sounds,
wrist
muscles
contraction.
Especially,
combined
with
microprocessor
Morse
code,
worn
detect
single‐finger
translate
into
regular
voltage
signals,
employed
encode
26
letters
subsequently
decode
corresponding
letters.
Furthermore,
an
aid
machine
learning,
array
(2
×
2)
successfully
achieve
recognition
high
accuracy
92%
wirelessly
perform
Consequently,
encoding
control,
demonstrates
extreme
potential
field
HMI
artificial
intelligence.
Journal of Materials Chemistry A,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
This
review
examines
the
integration
of
artificial
intelligence
with
nanogenerators
to
develop
self-powered,
adaptive
systems
for
applications
in
robotics,
wearables,
and
environmental
monitoring.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2024
The
capacity
to
discern
and
locate
positions
in
three-dimensional
space
is
crucial
for
human-machine
interfaces
robotic
perception.
However,
current
soft
electronics
can
only
obtain
two-dimensional
spatial
locations
through
physical
contact.
In
this
study,
we
report
a
non-contact
position
targeting
concept
enabled
by
transparent
thin
electronic
skin
(E-skin)
with
sensing
capabilities.
Inspired
the
active
electrosensation
of
mormyroidea
fish,
E-skin
actively
ascertains
3D
targeted
objects
contactless
manner
wirelessly
convey
corresponding
other
devices
real-time.
Consequently,
readily
enables
interaction
machines,
i.e.,
manipulating
virtual
objects,
controlling
arms,
drones
either
or
actual
space.
Additionally,
it
be
integrated
robots
provide
them
situational
awareness
perceiving
their
surroundings,
avoiding
obstacles,
tracking
targets.
Developing
skins
location
beyond
difficult.
authors
present
flexible,
lightweight,
accurate
motion
sensing.
This
achieves
micron-level
precision,
reducing
complexity
power
consumption.
Advanced Intelligent Systems,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 19, 2024
Advancements
in
smart
soft
materials
are
enhancing
the
capabilities
of
robotic
manipulators
object
interactions
and
complex
tasks.
Mechanochromic
materials,
acting
as
lightweight
sensors,
offer
easily
interpretable
visual
feedback
for
localized
stress
detection,
structural
health
monitoring,
energy‐efficient
skins.
Herein,
an
innovative
mechanochromic
end‐effector
capable
discerning
local
contact
stresses
during
mechanical
with
objects
is
presented
their
relative
position
ascertained.
This
system
utilizes
a
reversible
force‐induced
color
switch
thin
layer
spiropyran‐functionalized
polydimethylsiloxane,
which
coats
silicone‐made
suction
cup.
The
cup
integrated
3D‐printed
compact
load‐transferring
electronic
color‐changing
detection
elements.
assembly
may
serve
synthetic
receptor
actuators,
interaction
forces
down
to
3
N.
system's
resilience
varying
environmental
factors,
including
illumination,
tilting,
various
shapes
verified.
results
indicate
potential
exteroceptive
solutions
reconfigurable
manipulation
tasks
without
compromising
overall
softness
manipulator.
