International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
24(13), С. 11002 - 11002
Опубликована: Июль 2, 2023
Ginsenosides
are
major
bioactive
compounds
found
in
Panax
ginseng
that
exhibit
various
pharmaceutical
properties.
Dammarenediol-II,
the
nucleus
of
dammarane-type
ginsenosides,
is
a
promising
candidate
for
pharmacologically
active
triterpenes.
Dammarenediol-II
synthase
(DDS)
cyclizes
2,3-oxidosqualene
to
produce
dammarenediol-II.
Based
on
native
terpenoids
synthetic
pathway,
ginsenosides
pathway
was
established
Chlamydomonas
reinhardtii
by
introducing
P.
PgDDS,
CYP450
enzyme
(PgCYP716A47),
or/and
Arabidopsis
thaliana
NADPH-cytochrome
P450
reductase
gene
(AtCPR),
which
responsible
producing
ginsenosides.
To
enhance
productivity,
strategies
such
as
"gene
loading"
and
"culture
optimizing"
were
employed.
Multiple
copies
transgene
expression
cassettes
introduced
into
genome
increase
key
rate-limiting
gene,
significantly
improving
titer
dammarenediol-II
approximately
0.2
mg/L.
Following
culture
optimization
an
opt2
medium
supplemented
with
1.5
mM
methyl
jasmonate
under
light:dark
regimen,
increased
more
than
13-fold
2.6
The
C.
strains
engineered
this
study
constitute
good
platform
further
production
microalgae.
Engineering in Life Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
24(10)
Опубликована: Авг. 27, 2024
Squalene
is
a
natural
triterpenoid
and
biosynthetic
precursor
of
steroids
hopanoids
in
microorganisms,
plants,
humans,
other
animals.
has
exceptional
properties,
such
as
its
antioxidant
activity,
high
penetrability
the
skin,
ability
to
trigger
immune
system,
promoting
application
cosmetic,
sustenance,
pharmaceutical
industries.
Because
sharks
are
primary
source
squalene,
there
need
identify
low-cost,
environment
friendly,
sustainable
alternatives
for
producing
squalene
commercially.
This
shift
prompted
scientists
apply
biotechnological
advances
research
microorganisms
synthesizing
squalene.
review
summarizes
recent
metabolic
bioprocess
engineering
strategies
various
production
this
valuable
molecule.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 25, 2025
Ginsenosides
are
a
class
of
triterpenoids
from
the
ginseng
genus,
with
many
medicinal
properties.
Traditionally,
ginsenosides
extracted
plants
to
satisfy
market
demand;
however,
this
approach
requires
substantial
plant
biomass
and
lengthy
six-year
growth
period
before
harvest.
The
advancement
synthetic
biology
allows
production
by
engineered
yeast.
In
study,
we
combined
our
previously
reported
cultivation
method
in
situ
extraction
enhance
exportation
intracellular
Saccharomyces
cerevisiae.
Remarkably,
ginsenoside
reached
as
high
3.4
g/L
single
shake
flask,
almost
100%
organic
phase.
"empty
yeasts"
were
successfully
reused
10
times
sequential
cultivations.
These
findings
discussed
context
intensification
for
natural
product
synthesis.
Increasing
level
triterpenoid
synthesis
facilitates
rapid
development
supports
industrialization
intriguing
group
products.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Май 14, 2025
Cordycepin,
a
physiologically
active
nucleoside
compound
with
broad
applications
in
healthcare,
is
biosynthesized
Cordyceps
militaris
through
protein
complex
formed
by
CmCns1
and
CmCns2.
To
enhance
cordycepin
heterologous
production
Yarrowia
lipolytica,
this
study
confirmed
the
colocalization
of
CmCns2
on
lipid
droplets,
dominating
process
recruiting
from
cytoplasm
to
droplets
via
strong
interactions.
Critical
lipid-droplet-targeting
motifs
within
were
identified.
On
basis,
an
engineered
strain
YL-CD3
was
developed
expanding
CmCns3-NK
compartmentalization.
Then,
fermentation
parameters
optimized
increase
yield
2008.23
mg/L
shake
flasks.
Finally,
fed-batch
2.4
L
bioreactor
for
144
h
achieved
4780.75
(150.1
mg/OD600
66.57
mg/g
glucose),
marking
highest
reported
titer
Y.
lipolytica.
This
work
establishes
lipolytica
as
high-potential
platform
efficient
biosynthesis.
Fermentation,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
10(7), С. 349 - 349
Опубликована: Июль 9, 2024
Glycosylation
is
one
of
the
most
common
and
important
modifications
in
natural
products
(NPs),
which
can
alter
biological
activities
properties
NPs,
effectively
increase
structural
diversity,
improve
pharmacological
activities.
The
biosynthesis
glycosylation
involves
multiple
complex
processes,
are
coordinated
by
many
enzymes.
UDP-glycosyltransferases
(UGTs)
play
a
crucial
role
modification,
have
attracted
long-term
widespread
research
attention.
UGTs
catalyze
O-,
C-,
S-,
N-glycosylation
different
substrates,
producing
variety
glycosides
with
broad
activity,
while
improving
solubility,
stability,
bioavailability,
other
functions
NPs.
In
recent
years,
rapid
development
synthetic
biology
advanced
manufacturing
technologies,
especially
application
artificial
intelligence
field
biology,
has
led
to
series
new
discoveries
NP
UGT.
This
work
summarizes
latest
progress
challenges
glycosylation,
covering
results
potential
applications
glycosylated
derivatives
terpenes,
flavonoids,
polyphenols,
aromatic
compounds,
compounds
terms
biogenesis.
Looking
future,
may
leverage
intelligence-driven
techniques
decipher
genes
related
pathway,
expected
further
promote
large-scale
synthesis
diversity
NPs
pharmaceutical,
functional
food,
cosmetic
industries.
New Biotechnology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
83, С. 219 - 230
Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2024
Ginseng,
a
cornerstone
of
traditional
herbal
medicine
in
Asia,
garnered
significant
attention
for
its
therapeutic
potential.
Central
to
pharmacological
effects
are
ginsenosides,
the
primary
active
metabolites,
many
which
fall
within
dammarane-type
and
share
protopanaxadiol
as
common
precursor.
Challenges
extracting
ginsenosides
from
ginseng
arise
due
their
low
concentrations
roots.
Emerging
solutions
involve
leveraging
microbial
cell
factories
employing
genetically
engineered
yeasts.
Here,
we
optimized
fermentation
conditions
via
Design
Experiment,
realizing
1.2
g/L
simple
shake
flask
cultivations.
Extrapolating
setup
complex
like
compound
K,
achieved
7.3-fold
(0.22
g/L)
titer
improvements.
Our
adaptable
enable
production
high-value
products,
such
sustainable
triterpenoids
synthesis.
Through
synthetic
biology,
engineering,
formulation
studies,
pave
way
scalable
bioactive
compounds
ginseng.
