Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
11(11)
Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2022
Abstract
Historically,
carbon
dioxide
found
many
applications
in
organic
chemistry
from
reaction
medium
e.
g.,
super
critical
(scCO
2
)
or
CO
‐expanded
liquid
(CXL)
system;
extraction
(natural
products),
separation
(supercritical
fluid
chromatography);
chemo‐,
regio‐,
and
stereoselective
transformation
via
the
formation
of
transient
intermediates
i.
e.,
carbonate,
carbamate
etc.
Recently,
researchers
have
exploited
as
an
inexpensive,
renewable
non‐toxic
C1
feedstock
for
carboxylation
carbonylation
reactions.
However,
owing
to
its
inherent
kinetic
thermodynamic
stability,
most
transformations
require
high
temperatures,
pressure,
stoichiometric
amounts
organometallic
reductants
that
leads
accidental
environmental
hazards.
Inspired
by
natural
processes,
photo‐
electrocatalytic
conversion
into
value‐added
products
has
emerged
a
benign
practical
approach
synthesis.
Here
this
review,
we
will
discuss
some
recent
methods
their
comparison
toward
sustainable
development.
eScience,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
2(3), С. 243 - 277
Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2022
Compared
with
general
redox
chemistry,
electrochemistry
using
the
electron
as
a
potent,
controllable,
yet
traceless
alternative
to
chemical
oxidants/reductants
usually
offers
more
sustainable
options
for
achieving
selective
organic
synthesis.
With
its
environmentally
benign
features
gradually
being
uncovered
and
studied,
electrosynthesis
is
currently
undergoing
revival
becoming
rapidly
growing
area
within
synthetic
community.
Among
electrochemical
transformations,
anodically
enabled
ones
have
been
far
extensively
exploited
than
those
driven
by
cathodic
reduction,
although
both
approaches
are
conceptually
attractive.
To
stimulate
development
of
cathodically
reactions,
this
review
summarizes
recently
developed
reductive
electrosynthetic
protocols,
discussing
highlighting
reaction
features,
substrate
scopes,
applications,
plausible
mechanisms
reveal
recent
trends
in
area.
Herein,
reduction-enabled
preparative
transformations
categorized
into
four
types:
reduction
(1)
unsaturated
hydrocarbons,
(2)
heteroatom-containing
carbon-based
systems,
(3)
saturated
C-hetero
or
C–C
polar/strained
bonds,
(4)
hetero-hetero
linkages.
Apart
from
net
electroreductive
few
examples
photo-electrosynthesis
well
paired
electrolysis
also
introduced,
which
offer
opportunities
overcome
certain
limitations
improve
versatility.
The
electrochemically
driven,
transition
metal-catalyzed
cross-couplings
that
comprehensively
discussed
several
other
reviews
not
included
here.
Chemistry - An Asian Journal,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
17(17)
Опубликована: Июль 6, 2022
Abstract
Carbon
dioxide
(CO
2
)
is
an
abundant,
inexpensive,
renewable
C1
resource
and
the
main
component
of
greenhouse
gas,
thereby
research
for
its
sustainable
efficient
conversion
has
received
notable
attention
in
recent
years.
Electrochemical
organic
synthesis,
as
a
green
synthetic
method,
convinced
to
be
ideal
approach
CO
utilization.
In
this
review,
advances
electrocarboxylation
with
were
summarized
through
different
reaction
types,
which
would
disclose
great
potential
synthesis.
Green Chemical Engineering,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
3(2), С. 125 - 137
Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2021
From
the
viewpoint
of
abundance,
economy,
non-toxicity,
and
renewability,
CO2
is
ideal
C1
synthon
in
organic
synthetic
chemistry.
Utilizing
for
chemical
conversion
to
synthesize
highly
value-added
fine
chemicals
great
significance.
Organic
electrochemical
synthesis
that
employs
electrons
as
redox
reagents
achieve
selective
oxidation
or
reduction
has
attracted
much
attention
past
decades.
In
this
review,
recent
advances
carboxylations
using
from
perspective
will
be
summarized.
We
give
an
overview
about
research
progress
electrocarboxylation
reactions
according
classification
substrates,
such
alkenes,
(pseudo)halides,
aldehydes,
ketones,
imines.
The
carbanions
produced
by
cathodic
are
important
intermediates
CO2.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
61(38)
Опубликована: Июль 21, 2022
Abstract
Highly
selective
and
direct
electroreductive
ring‐opening
carboxylation
of
epoxides
with
CO
2
in
an
undivided
cell
is
reported.
This
reaction
shows
broad
substrate
scopes
within
styrene
oxides
under
mild
conditions,
providing
practical
scalable
access
to
important
synthetic
intermediate
β
‐hydroxy
acids.
Mechanistic
studies
show
that
functions
not
only
as
a
carboxylative
reagent
this
but
also
promoter
enable
efficient
chemoselective
transformation
additive‐free
electrochemical
conditions.
Cathodically
generated
α
‐radical
‐carbanion
intermediates
lead
the
regioselective
formation
‐carboxylation
products.
Organic Letters,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
24(19), С. 3565 - 3569
Опубликована: Май 9, 2022
Direct
electrocarboxylation
of
various
N-acylimines
with
atmospheric
CO2
is
achieved
in
an
undivided
cell
under
mild
conditions,
affording
substituted
α-amino
acids
yields
62–95%.
This
reaction
conducted
high
efficiency
using
triethanolamine
as
external
reductant
nonsacrificial
anode
and
can
be
facilely
performed
on
gram
scale.
Preliminary
mechanistic
studies
including
cyclic
voltammetry
control
experiments
support
N-radical
carbanion
the
key
intermediate.
Review of Education Administration and Law,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
6(2), С. 211 - 225
Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2023
This
study
aims
to
examine
the
impact
of
Institutional
quality,
Employment,
and
trade
openness
on
environment
(CO2
emission
in
metric
tonnes)
for
period
between
2002
2021,
using
data
from
top
ten
CO2-producing
nations
(China,
United
States,
India,
Russia,
Japan,
Germany,
Iran,
South
Korea,
Saudi
Arabia,
Indonesia).
We
employ
panel-based
Auto
Regressive
Distributive
Lags
(ARDL)
model
that
includes
a
unit
root
test
stationarity
properties
data.
The
findings
shows
Employment
Trade
are
at
level
first
difference
other
Quality
was
which
mixed
stream
results.
long
run
equation
regressors
indicated
(CO2)
has
been
affected
due
all
predictors
openness,
employment
labor
institutional
quality.
After
finding
substantial
cointegration,
long-term
short-term
ARDL
coefficients
models
estimated.
negative
statistically
significant
lagged
Error
Correction
Term
indicating
an
extremely
stable
long-run
link
attributes.
In
&
short
panel
results
CO2
emissions
as
when
quality
improves
diminishes
variables
environment.
more
important
policy
makers
setting
up
policies
protect
Green Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
25(8), С. 3095 - 3102
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
A
regiodivergent
electrochemical
defluorocarboxylation
of
gem
-difluorocyclopropanes
is
realized,
providing
access
to
branched
and
linear
carboxylated
monofluorinated
alkenes.
Green Carbon,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
2(1), С. 45 - 56
Опубликована: Март 1, 2024
Recently,
significant
research
has
been
conducted
on
the
conversion
of
carbon
dioxide
(CO2)
into
value-added
chemicals.
With
decreasing
cost
clean
electricity,
electrochemical
methods
have
emerged
as
potential
approaches
for
converting
and
fixing
CO2.
Organic
synthesis
is
a
promising
method
utilizing
CO2
because
it
transforms
higher-value
This
review
introduces
aspects
mechanisms
organic
electrocarboxylation
reactions.
Recent
progress
in
with
discussed,
considering
substrates
cathode
types
under
different
reaction
mechanisms.
Finally,
challenges
prospects
this
field
are
highlighted
aim
further
promoting
fundamental
understanding
electrocarboxylation.
