Organic Process Research & Development,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
25(8), С. 1960 - 1965
Опубликована: Июль 8, 2021
1-Ethyl-3-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide
(EDC•HCl)
has
both
lipophilic
and
hydrophilic
regions,
causing
self-aggregation
(also
called
nanoparticle
formation)
in
an
aqueous
medium
containing
PS-750-M
amphiphile.
Kinetic
proton
nuclear
magnetic
resonance
studies
were
used
to
probe
the
effect
of
different
organic
bases
on
potential
formation
EDC•HCl.
It
also
reveals
why
pyridine
base
works
better
under
micellar
conditions.
The
methodology
was
examined
multigram
scale
synthesis
bioactive
molecules,
where
excellent
reaction
yields
obtained
without
product
epimerization
while
maintaining
a
shorter
time.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
122(6), С. 6749 - 6794
Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2022
Dipolar
aprotic
and
ethereal
solvents
comprise
just
over
40%
of
all
organic
utilized
in
synthetic
organic,
medicinal,
process
chemistry.
Unfortunately,
many
the
common
"go-to"
are
considered
to
be
"less-preferable"
for
a
number
environmental,
health,
safety
(EHS)
reasons
such
as
toxicity,
mutagenicity,
carcinogenicity,
or
practical
handling
flammability
volatility.
Recent
legislative
changes
have
initiated
implementation
restrictions
on
use
commonly
employed
dipolar
dimethylformamide
(DMF)
N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
(NMP),
ethers
1,4-dioxane.
Thus,
with
growing
legislative,
EHS,
societal
pressures,
need
identify
implement
alternative
that
greener,
safer,
more
sustainable
has
never
been
greater.
Within
this
review,
ubiquitous
nature
is
discussed
respect
physicochemical
properties
made
them
so
appealing
chemists.
An
overview
current
being
imposed
discussed.
A
variety
alternative,
garnered
attention
past
decade
then
examined,
case
studies
examples
where
less-preferable
successfully
replaced
safer
highlighted.
Finally,
general
guidance
solvent
selection
replacement
included
Supporting
Information
review.
Molecules,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
28(20), С. 7165 - 7165
Опубликована: Окт. 19, 2023
Peptides
are
at
the
cutting
edge
of
contemporary
research
for
new
potent,
selective,
and
safe
therapeutical
agents.
Their
rise
has
reshaped
pharmaceutical
landscape,
providing
solutions
to
challenges
that
traditional
small
molecules
often
cannot
address.
A
wide
variety
natural
modified
peptides
have
been
obtained
studied,
many
others
advancing
in
clinical
trials,
covering
multiple
therapeutic
areas.
As
demand
peptide-based
therapies
grows,
so
does
need
sustainable
environmentally
friendly
synthesis
methods.
Traditional
peptide
synthesis,
while
effective,
involves
draining
processes,
generating
significant
waste
consuming
vast
resources.
The
integration
green
chemistry
offers
alternatives,
prioritizing
eco-friendly
reduction,
energy
conservation.
This
review
delves
into
transformative
potential
applying
principles
by
discussing
relevant
examples
application
such
approaches
production
active
ingredients
(APIs)
with
a
structure
how
these
efforts
critical
an
effective
transition
era
field.
Organic Process Research & Development,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
26(6), С. 1562 - 1689
Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2022
This
review
describes
the
practical
aspects
involved
in
implementation
of
large-scale
amidations
process
chemistry.
Coupling
reagent,
base,
additive,
and
solvent
selections
are
critically
analyzed
to
highlight
their
pros
cons.
Other
important
factors
be
considered
on
large
scale,
such
as
atom
economy,
cost,
safety,
toxicity,
also
examined.
These
concepts
then
showcased
through
selected
examples
from
literature
for
synthesis
active
pharmaceutical
ingredients.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
145(7), С. 4266 - 4278
Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2023
Savie
is
a
biodegradable
surfactant
derived
from
vitamin
E
and
polysarcosine
(PSar)
developed
for
use
in
organic
synthesis
recyclable
water.
This
includes
homogeneous
catalysis
(including
examples
employing
only
ppm
levels
of
catalyst),
heterogeneous
catalysis,
biocatalytic
transformations,
including
multistep
chemoenzymatic
sequence.
Use
frequently
leads
to
significantly
higher
yields
than
do
conventional
surfactants,
while
obviating
the
need
waste-generating
solvents.
Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
365(24), С. 4359 - 4391
Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2023
Abstract
Amide
bond
construction
has
garnered
significant
interest
in
recent
decades
due
to
amides
being
one
of
the
most
prevalent
functional
groups
among
bioactive
molecules.
Out
thirty‐seven
new
drugs
approved
by
FDA
2022,
eleven
are
small
molecules
containing
at
least
amide
bond.
Additionally,
there
nineteen
large
as
drugs,
some
which
have
peptide
structures,
and
therefore,
also
bear
bonds.
In
years,
multiple
teams
embraced
challenge
developing
more
efficient
methods
for
formation.
This
dedication
led
numerous
publications
appearing
monthly
prestigious
journals,
showcasing
advancements
this
field.
The
primary
goal
review
is
present
viable
strategies
constructing
It
crucial
differentiate
between
formation
synthesis;
hence,
focus
on
describing
specific
forming
C(O)−N
particular,
concentrates
developed
within
last
six
years.
There
a
particular
emphasis
approaches
that
consider
thought
process
when
selecting
starting
materials
groups.
approach
ensures
coverage
all
common
chemical
transformations
yield
The Journal of Organic Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
89(7), С. 4261 - 4282
Опубликована: Март 20, 2024
Small
molecule
therapeutics
represent
the
majority
of
FDA-approved
drugs.
Yet,
many
attractive
targets
are
poorly
tractable
by
small
molecules,
generating
a
need
for
new
therapeutic
modalities.
Due
to
their
biocompatibility
profile
and
structural
versatility,
peptide-based
possible
solution.
Additionally,
in
past
two
decades,
advances
peptide
design,
delivery,
formulation,
devices
have
occurred,
making
peptides
an
modality.
However,
manufacturing
is
often
limited
solid-phase
synthesis
(SPPS),
liquid
phase
(LPPS),
lesser
extent
hybrid
SPPS/LPPS,
with
SPPS
emerging
as
predominant
platform
technology
synthesis.
involves
use
excess
solvents
reagents
which
negatively
impact
environment,
thus
highlighting
newer
technologies
reduce
environmental
footprint.
Herein,
fourteen
American
Chemical
Society
Green
Chemistry
Institute
Pharmaceutical
Roundtable
(ACS
GCIPR)
member
companies
portfolio
compiled
Process
Mass
Intensity
(PMI)
metrics
help
inform
sustainability
efforts
This
includes
PMI
assessment
on
40
synthetic
processes
at
various
development
stages
pharma,
classified
according
phase.
most
comprehensive
date.
The
process
was
divided
into
(synthesis,
purification,
isolation)
determine
respective
PMI.
On
average,
(SPPS)
(PMI
≈
13,000)
does
not
compare
favorably
other
modalities
such
molecules
median
168–308)
biopharmaceuticals
8300).
Thus,
high
warrants
more
environmentally
friendly
manufacturing.
JACS Au,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
4(2), С. 301 - 317
Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2024
Water
is
considered
to
be
the
most
sustainable
and
safest
solvent.
Micellar
catalysis
a
significant
contributor
chemistry
in
water.
It
promotes
pathways
involving
water-sensitive
intermediates
transient
catalytic
species
under
micelles'
shielding
effect
while
also
replacing
costly
ligands
dipolar-aprotic
solvents.
However,
there
lack
of
critical
information
about
micellar
catalysis.
This
includes
why
it
works
better
than
traditional
organic
solvents,
specific
rules
differ
from
those
conventional
catalysis,
how
limitations
can
addressed
future.
Perspective
aims
highlight
current
gaps
our
understanding
provide
an
analysis
designer
surfactants'
origin
essential
components.
will
fundamental
including
aqueous
micelles
simultaneously
perform
multiple
functions
such
as
solvent,
ligand,
reaction
promoter.
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
10(16), С. 5299 - 5306
Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2022
Construction
of
the
amide/peptide
bond
is
one
most
encountered
transformations
in
pharmaceutical
and
chemical
industries.
Traditional
protocols
rely
on
use
undesirable
organic
solvents,
such
as
N,N-dimethylformamide
(DMF),
N-methyl
pyrrolidone
(NMP),
or
dichloromethane
(CH2Cl2).
These
solvents
adversely
impact
environment,
workers'
safety,
health.
This
has
led
academia
industry
to
search
develop
greener
more
sustainable
amide
forming
synthetic
increase
performance
terms
yield
selectivity
avoid
reduce
dependency
these
hazardous
solvents.
The
following
account
discusses
recent
development
formation
water.