Advanced Therapeutics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
6(11)
Опубликована: Авг. 7, 2023
Abstract
Carbon
nanodots
(CNDs)
are
an
emerging
class
of
zero
dimensional
(0D)
carbon
nanomaterials
that
accumulated
immense
interest
from
researchers
in
the
past
two
decades
due
to
their
facile
synthesis
and
unique
photo‐physical
‐chemical
properties.
In
particular,
long
wavelength
fluorescence
emission,
enhanced
tissue
penetration
depth,
excellent
water
dispersibility,
tunable
surface
chemistry,
charge
transfer
properties,
biocompatibility
have
unveiled
newer
avenues
for
advanced
application
therapeutics,
diagnostics,
theranostics,
regeneration.
The
review
typically
emphasizes
CNDs,
excluding
other
members
dots
(CDs)
family,
which
has
not
been
covered
before.
After
introducing
CNDs
nanomaterial
hierarchy,
synthesis,
general
functionalization,
characterization
subsequently
discussed.
following
section
elaborates
on
mechanisms
fluorescence,
quenching,
associated
factors
based
latest
theories
models.
diagnostic,
theranostic,
therapeutic
applications
red/NIR‐emitting
thoroughly
reviewed
cover
developments,
including
vitro/in
vivo
bioimaging,
thermoelectric
piezoelectric
biosensing,
various
soft
hard
Overall,
this
work
will
enlighten
passionate
readers
about
present
status
futuristic
aspects
healthcare
management,
besides
reported
toxicities
challenges
with
bench‐to‐bedside
translation.
Abstract
As
a
relatively
new
type
of
fluorescent
carbon‐based
nanomaterials,
multicolor
carbon
dots
(MCDs)
have
attracted
much
attention
because
their
excellent
biocompatibility,
tunable
photoluminescence
(PL),
high
quantum
yield,
and
unique
electronic
physicochemical
properties.
The
emission
characteristics
(CDs)
obviously
depend
on
the
source
precursor,
reaction
conditions,
environment,
which
directly
or
indirectly
determines
CDs.
Therefore,
this
review
is
first
systematic
classification
summary
multiple
regulation
methods
synthetic
MCDs
reviews
recent
research
progress
in
synthesis
from
variety
precursor
materials
such
as
aromatic
molecules,
small
organic
natural
biomass,
focusing
how
different
produce
corresponding
MCDs.
This
also
introduces
innovative
applications
fields
biological
imaging,
light‐emitting
diodes
(LEDs),
sensing,
anti‐counterfeiting
due
to
PL
It
hoped
that
by
selecting
appropriate
adjustment
methods,
can
inspire
guide
future
design
tailored
MCDs,
provide
help
for
development
multifunctional
ACS Omega,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
8(16), С. 14290 - 14320
Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2023
Cancer
is
ranked
as
the
second
leading
cause
of
death
globally.
Traditional
cancer
therapies
including
chemotherapy
are
flawed,
with
off-target
and
on-target
toxicities
on
normal
cells,
requiring
newer
strategies
to
improve
cell
selective
targeting.
The
application
nanomaterial
has
been
extensively
studied
explored
chemical
biology
tools
in
theranostics.
It
shows
greater
applications
toward
stability,
biocompatibility,
increased
permeability,
resulting
precise
targeting,
mitigating
shortcomings
traditional
therapies.
nanoplatform
offers
an
exciting
opportunity
gain
targeting
multifunctionality.
advent
nanotechnology,
particular
development
smart
nanomaterials,
transformed
diagnosis
treatment.
large
surface
area
nanoparticles
enough
encapsulate
many
molecules
ability
functionalize
various
biosubstrates
such
DNA,
RNA,
aptamers,
antibodies,
which
helps
theranostic
action.
Comparatively,
biologically
derived
nanomaterials
perceive
advantages
over
produced
by
conventional
methods
terms
economy,
ease
production,
reduced
toxicity.
present
review
summarizes
techniques
theranostics
emphasizes
(such
organic
(NPs),
inorganic
NPs,
carbon-based
NPs).
We
also
critically
discussed
challenges
impeding
their
translation
treatment
diagnostic
applications.
This
concludes
that
use
could
significantly
will
facilitate
new
dimensions
for
tumor
detection
therapy.
Pharmaceutics,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
14(3), С. 573 - 573
Опубликована: Март 5, 2022
Cancer
is
a
major
public
health
problem
and
one
of
the
leading
causes
death.
However,
traditional
cancer
therapy
may
damage
normal
cells
cause
side
effects.
Many
targeted
drug
delivery
platforms
have
been
developed
to
overcome
limitations
free
form
therapeutics
biological
barriers.
The
commonly
used
cell
surface
targets
are
CD44,
matrix
metalloproteinase-2,
folate
receptors,
etc.
Once
enters
cell,
active
molecule
its
final
destination
still
preferred.
subcellular
targeting
strategies
include
using
glucocorticoid
receptors
for
nuclear
targeting,
negative
mitochondrial
membrane
potential
N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
Golgi
apparatus
Therefore,
most
effective
way
deliver
therapeutic
agents
through
sequential
system
that
simultaneously
achieves
cellular-
subcellular-level
targeting.
dual-targeting
holds
great
promise
improving
effects
overcoming
resistance.
This
review
classifies
systems
based
on
organelles.
We
summarize
different
mechanisms
gave
examples
each
case.
ACS Applied Nano Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
7(9), С. 10699 - 10710
Опубликована: Май 2, 2024
Nonspecific
targeting
and
low
efficiency
are
challenges
to
face
in
tumor
treatment.
By
utilizing
the
unique
microenvironment
(TME)
of
acidic
condition
overexpressed
H2O2,
nanozyme
with
peroxidase
(POD)-like
activity
for
decomposing
H2O2
into
extremely
toxic
hydroxyl
radicals
(•OH)
destroy
cancer
cells
situ
is
promisingly
addressed
tumor-specific
However,
catalytic
therapeutic
most
current
POD-like
nanozymes
usually
counteracted
by
weak
acidity
(pH
6.0–6.7)
insufficient
(∼50–100
μM)
TME.
Herein,
we
report
a
mercaptosuccinic
acid-derived
carbon
quantum
dot
(MA-CQD)
nanozyme,
which
highly
biocompatible
possesses
superior
(Km
=
0.58
mM)
under
TME,
therefore
efficiently
convert
trace
amounts
endogenous
treatment,
while
posing
minimal
nonspecific
damage
normal
tissues
neutral
7.4).
MA-CQDs
confirmed
cause
an
intensive
caspase-1/gasdermin
D-mediated
cell
pyroptosis
through
produced
reactive
oxygen
species,
providing
effective
way
therapy.
Our
nanocatalyst
demonstrates
desirable
suppression
rate.
This
work
offers
prospective
mode
therapy
inspires
development
cancer-specific
pyroptotic
nanomedicine.
