Choline Phosphate-Grafted Nanozymes as Universal Extracellular Vesicle Probes for Bladder Cancer Detection

ACS Nano, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 18(25), С. 16113 - 16125

Опубликована: Июнь 10, 2024

Urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) are regarded as highly promising liquid-biopsy biomarkers for the early diagnosis and prognosis of bladder cancer (BC). However, detection uEVs remains technically challenging owing to their huge heterogeneity ultralow abundance in real samples. We herein present a choline phosphate-grafted platinum nanozyme (Pt@CP) that acts universal EV probe construction high-throughput high-sensitivity immunoassay, which allowed multiplex profiling uEV protein markers BC detection. With Pt@CP-based immunoassays, three (MUC-1, CCDC25, GLUT1) were identified BC, by cases (n = 48), cystitis patients 27), healthy donors 24) discriminated with high clinical sensitivity specificity (area under curve 98.3%). For 9) after surgery, immunoassay could report postoperative residual tumor cannot be observed cystoscopy, is clinically significant assessing recurrence. This work provides generally detection, facilitating discovery use EV-based biomarkers.

Язык: Английский

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Cancer-associated fibroblast-derived extracellular vesicles: regulators and therapeutic targets in the tumor microenvironment

Cancer Drug Resistance, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) constitute a critical component of the tumor microenvironment (TME). CAFs can be reprogrammed by cancer cells, leading to production extracellular vesicles (EVs). These EVs serve as carriers for bioactive substances, including proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolic products, thereby facilitating progression. CAF-derived exert substantial influence on cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, immunological environment, processes lymphangiogenesis angiogenesis. Despite their potential non-invasive biomarkers therapeutic delivery vehicles, clinical application is currently limited challenges in purification precise targeting. This review delineates diverse roles growth, immune evasion within TME.

Язык: Английский

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Metasurface-enhanced biomedical spectroscopy

Nanophotonics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(8), С. 1045 - 1068

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025

Abstract Enhancing the sensitivity of biomedical spectroscopy is crucial for advancing medical research and diagnostics. Metasurfaces have emerged as powerful platforms enhancing various spectral detection technologies. This capability arises from their unparalleled ability to improve interactions between light matter through localization enhancement fields. In this article, we review representative approaches recent advances in metasurface-enhanced spectroscopy. We provide a comprehensive discussion technologies enhanced by metasurfaces, including infrared spectroscopy, Raman fluorescence other modalities. demonstrate advantages metasurfaces improving sensitivity, reducing limits, achieving rapid biomolecule while discussing challenges associated with design, preparation, stability procedures. Finally, explore future development trends biological emphasize wide-ranging applications.

Язык: Английский

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Emerging Frontiers in acute kidney injury: The role of extracellular vesicles

Bioactive Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 48, С. 149 - 170

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Self-Localized Plasmonic Nanocavity Strategy for the Glycosylation Detection of Glioblastoma Extracellular Vesicles

Analytical Chemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025

The protein glycosylation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is involved in cellular recognition and emerges as a promising biomarker for cancer diagnosis. However, the lack efficient labeling high-resolution detection strategies limits their clinical application. Herein, we developed self-localized plasmonic nanocavity strategy to analyze characteristics glioblastoma EVs. First, an engineered phospholipid bilayer structure with Au nanoring array was designed capture EVs induce membrane fusion. Relying on multifunctional proximity process, peroxidase-induced label sialic acid programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) Based identification process EVs, nanocubes achieved spontaneous location MoSe2 QDs. uniformly enhanced electromagnetic field resulted polarized luminescence signal QDs improving sensitivity resolution. This system demonstrated precise distinction sensitive quantification EV cerebrospinal fluid distinguish glioblastoma. research provided novel promoted application

Язык: Английский

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Integrated Microfluidic Chip for Neutrophil Extracellular Vesicle Analysis and Gastric Cancer Diagnosis

ACS Nano, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 9, 2025

Neutrophil-derived extracellular vesicles (NEVs) are critically involved in disease progression and considered potential biomarkers. However, the tedious processes of NEV separation detection restrain their use. Herein, we presented an integrated microfluidic chip for (IMCN) analysis, which achieved immune-separation CD66b+ NEVs multiplexed contained miRNAs (termed signatures) by using 10 μL serum samples. The optimized microchannel flow rate IMCN enabled efficient capture (>90%). After recognition captured a specific CD63 aptamer, on-chip rolling circle amplification (RCA) reaction was triggered released aptamers from heat-lysed NEVs. Then, RCA products bound to molecular beacons (MBs), initiating allosteric hairpin structures amplified "turn on" fluorescence signals (RCA-MB assay). Clinical sample analysis showed that signatures had high area under curve (AUC) distinguishing between healthy control (HC) gastric cancer (GC) (0.891), benign diseases (BGD) GC (0.857). Notably, AUC reached 0.912 with combination five biomarkers (NEV signatures, CEA, CA199) differentiate HC, diagnostic accuracy further increased machine learning (ML)-based ensemble classification system. Therefore, developed is valuable platform may have use diagnosis.

Язык: Английский

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Roles of extracellular vesicles from different origins in metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: progress and perspectives

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Март 10, 2025

Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, associated with systemic metabolic dysregulation. It can progress from simple hepatic steatosis (MAFL) to more severe conditions like Steatohepatitis (MASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). There a critical lack of reliable non-invasive diagnostic methods effective pharmaceutical treatments for MAFLD/MASH, emphasizing need further research. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale structures that play important roles in cell signaling by delivering bioactive molecules. However, there significant gap literature regarding EVs hosts, plants, microbiota MAFLD. This review explores potential various sources—host, microbiota—as biomarkers, therapeutic agents, drug carriers, treatment targets Firstly, host-derived extracellular MAFLD, focus on cell-type specific their components—proteins, miRNAs, lipids—for diagnosis monitoring were discussed. Moreover, it highlighted mesenchymal stem (MSC)-derived reducing lipid accumulation injury, immune cell-derived mitigating inflammation fibrosis. The also discussed use as carriers due ability deliver molecules impact mechanisms. Additionally, summarized research plant-derived EVs, which help reduce accumulation, inflammation, enhance gut barrier function Also, explored microbial-derived novel targets, particularly relation insulin resistance, dysfunction Overall, exploring diverse host, plant, sources this offers valuable insights into biomarkers strategies, could pave way options increasingly prevalent disease. Notably, challenges translating clinical practice thoroughly discussed, aiming provide possible directions strategies future

Язык: Английский

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Demystifying EV heterogeneity: emerging microfluidic technologies for isolation and multiplexed profiling of extracellular vesicles

Lab on a Chip, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

The microfluidic-based technique that combines efficient isolation of EVs and multiple detection EV cargos like proteins, nucleic acids, glycans at bulk, single/single cell level to further demystify heterogeneity.

Язык: Английский

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Plasma-derived extracellular vesicles prime alveolar macrophages for autophagy and ferroptosis in sepsis-induced acute lung injury

Molecular Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 31(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 4, 2025

Abstract Sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe complication of sepsis and the leading cause mortality. Although role alveolar macrophages (AMs) in stabilizing pulmonary homeostasis well established, effects circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) on AMs remain largely unknown. In this study, an investigation was conducted to map miRNA protein expression profiles EVs derived from septic plasma. Notably, EV-based panels (miR-122-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-223-3p, OLFM4, LCN2) have been found be associated with severity or prognosis sepsis, promising AUC values. Moreover, levels LCN2, miR-122-5p, miR-223-3p were identified as independent predictors ARDS. The vitro coculture results revealed that LPS-EVs plasma sepsis-induced lung injury (ALI), which carry pro-inflammatory EVs, partly mediated by evidenced promotion inflammation, autophagy ferroptosis AMs. Mechanistically, upregulation triggers activating Hippo signaling via targeting MEF2C. vivo, inhibition effectively mitigated LPS-EV-induced inflammation AM death lungs, histological lesions. Overall, contributes ALI priming for through MEF2C/Hippo pathway. These findings suggest novel mechanism plasma-AM interaction ALI, offering plausible strategy assessing progression treating injury.

Язык: Английский

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Bifunctional Nanoassembly Enables Metabolism-Driven Microfluidic Blood Screening Guided by MRI Localization for Cancer Monitoring

Analytical Chemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025

Early detection and precise tumor localization are critical for improving treatment outcomes enabling more targeted minimally invasive therapies as biotechnology evolves. However, endogenous biomarkers from early lesions face significant challenges, such short circulation times blood dilution, which hinder diagnostic efforts. In this study, we present a multimodal nanosensor specifically engineered to target cancer by responding CD44 tumor-associated enzymes within the microenvironment. Following systemic administration, selectively accumulates at disease site, delivering hexaminolevulinate (HAL) produce protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) synthetic biomarker, thus amplifying signals analysis via microfluidics-based device. Concurrently, embedded Gd2O3 nanoclusters facilitate visualization through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Beyond diagnosis, innovative methodology supports monitoring of drug response assessment reporter MRI imaging. This multifunctional system addresses limitations in traditional diagnostics, typically rely on sequential biomarker tests, followed Our approach enhances efficiency, minimizes need procedures, promotes accurate personalized care.

Язык: Английский

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