To
ensure
good
air
quality
during
China
International
Import
Expo
(CIIE)
episode,
stringent
emission-reduction
measures
were
implemented
in
Shanghai.
better
assess
the
efficacy
of
these
measures,
this
study
explored
four
typical
categories
intermediate/semi
volatile
organic
compounds
(I/SVOCs),
including
alkanes
(C10–C26
n-alkanes
and
pristane),
EPA-priority
polycyclic
aromatic
hydrocarbons
(PAHs),
alkylnaphthalenes,
benzothiazole
(BTH)
chlorobenzenes
(CBs),
at
an
urban
site
Shanghai
before
two
CIIE
episodes
(2019
2020;
non-CIIE
versus
CIIE).
The
average
concentrations
PAHs
both
2019
2020
decreased
by
approximately
41%
17%,
respectively,
compared
to
periods.
However,
decline
was
only
observed
for
BTH
CBs
CIIE-2019.
Under
atmospheric
conditions,
secondary
aerosol
(SOA)
production
from
alkanes,
together
671
±
446
ng/m3,
with
considerable
SOA
contributions
dimethylnaphthalenes
BTH.
Positive
matrix
factorization
(PMF)
source
apportionment
further
revealed
that
life-related
sources
making
a
noticeable
contribution
(21.6%)
except
commonly
concerned
gasoline-vehicle
(31.5%),
diesel-related
emissions
(20.8%),
industrial
(18.6%)
ship
(7.5%).
Our
results
provide
valuable
insights
into
effectiveness
episodes,
reduction
I/SVOCs
emissions,
highlight
more
I/SVOC
individual
species
should
be
considered
research
policy
design.
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
258, С. 114983 - 114983
Опубликована: Май 4, 2023
Water
pollution
caused
by
widely
used
agricultural
pesticide
chlorpyrifos
(CPF)
has
aroused
extensive
public
concern.
While
previous
studies
have
reported
on
toxic
effect
of
CPF
aquatic
animal,
little
is
known
about
its
common
carp
(Cyprinus
carpio
L.)
livers.
In
this
experiment,
we
exposed
to
(11.6
μg/L)
for
15,
30,
and
45
days
establish
a
poisoning
model.
Histological
observation,
biochemical
assay,
quantitative
real-time
polymerase
chain
reaction
(qRT-PCR),
Western
blot,
integrated
biomarker
response
(IBR)
were
applied
assess
the
hepatotoxicity
in
carp.
Our
results
displayed
that
exposure
damaged
histostructural
integrity
induced
liver
injury
Furthermore,
found
CPF-induced
may
be
associated
with
mitochondrial
dysfunction
autophagy,
as
evidenced
swollen
mitochondria,
broken
ridges,
increased
number
autophagosomes.
Moreover,
decreased
activities
ATPase
(Na+/K+-ATPase,
Ca2+-ATPase,
Mg2+-ATPase,
Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase),
altered
glucose
metabolism-related
genes
(GCK,
PCK2,
PHKB,
GYS2,
PGM1,
DLAT),
activated
energy-sensing
AMPK,
indicating
energy
metabolism
disorder.
The
activation
AMPK
further
mitophagy
via
AMPK/Drp1
pathway,
autophagy
AMPK/mTOR
pathway.
Additionally,
oxidative
stress
(abnormal
levels
SOD,
GSH,
MDA,
H2O2)
livers,
which
contributed
induction
autophagy.
Subsequently,
confirmed
time-dependent
IBR
assessment.
findings
presented
new
insight
into
molecular
mechanism
induced-hepatotoxicity
carp,
provided
theoretical
basis
evaluating
toxicity
organisms.
Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
126(23)
Опубликована: Ноя. 23, 2021
Abstract
The
major
fraction
of
intermediate
and
semi‐volatility
organic
compounds
(I/SVOCs)
is
still
unresolved
by
traditional
analyses,
leaving
large
complex
mixture
(UCM)
limiting
the
estimation
secondary
aerosol
(SOA).
This
study
addressed
UCM
employing
two‐dimensional
gas
chromatography−time‐of‐flight
mass
spectrometry.
ratios
in
I/SVOCs
emitted
from
household
burning
biomass
coal
were
reduced
to
1.0
±
0.3%
2.1
2.0%,
respectively,
these
levels
are
one
order
magnitude
less
than
those
reported
previous
studies.
Phenols,
polycyclic
aromatic
hydrocarbons,
ketones
made
contribution
emission
factors
(EFs)
(65.9
9.6%)
for
burning,
while
amides,
acids,
esters
constituted
majority
EFs
(56.5
45.0%)
burning.
Furthermore,
SOA
production
can
be
predicted
via
highly
identified
based
on
volatility
distributions
each
speciated
species.
These
contribute
with
76.0
12.7%
82.0
60.3%
respectively.
Underestimated
ratio
62.5
25.2%
80.9
2.8%
Bins
method
has
been
well
addressed.
obtained
results
suggest
that
nontarget
analysis
significantly
improve
accuracy
environmental
impacts
addressing
chemical
components
at
molecular
level.
Applied Sciences,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
11(22), С. 10902 - 10902
Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2021
Diazinon
exposures
have
been
linked
to
the
onset
of
toxic
pathways
and
adverse
outcomes
in
aquatic
species,
but
ecological
implications
on
model
species
are
not
widely
emphasized.
The
objective
this
study
was
determine
how
organophosphate
pesticide
diazinon
affected
hematological
(hemoglobin,
total
red
blood
count,
white
mean
corpuscular
hemoglobin),
growth
(condition
factor,
hepatosomatic
index,
specific
rate),
biochemical
(total
serum
glucose,
protein),
endocrine
(growth
hormone,
tri-iodothyronine,
thyroxine)
parameters
Clarias
batrachus
after
chronic
exposure.
administered
at
predefined
exposure
doses
(0.64
1.28
mg/L)
monitored
15,
30,
45
days
into
investigation.
Observation
for
most
biomarkers
revealed
patterns
decreasing
values
with
increasing
toxicant
concentration
duration.
Correlation
analysis
highlighted
a
significant
inverse
relationship
between
variables
(mean
hemoglobin,
condition
rate,
thyroxine,
protein)
elevated
concentrations.
integrated
indices
(IBR
BRI)
indexes
were
used
provide
visual
understandable
depictions
toxicity
effects
emphasized
relativity
terms
sensitivity
magnitude
or
severity
responses
under
graded
exposures.
damage
reflected
by
evaluated
groups
compared
control
portends
risks
health
local
fish
populations,
including
systems
adjacent
agrarian
landscapes.
