Trapping and detecting nanoplastics by MXene-derived oxide microrobots

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2022

Nanoplastic pollution, the final product of plastic waste fragmentation in environment, represents an increasing concern for scientific community due to easier diffusion and higher hazard associated with their small sizes. Therefore, there is a pressing demand effective strategies quantify remove nanoplastics wastewater. This work presents "on-the-fly" capture three-dimensional (3D) space by multifunctional MXene-derived oxide microrobots further detection. A thermal annealing process used convert Ti3C2Tx MXene into photocatalytic multi-layered TiO2, followed deposition Pt layer decoration magnetic γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles. The γ-Fe2O3/Pt/TiO2 show negative photogravitaxis, resulting powerful fuel-free motion six degrees freedom under light irradiation. Owing unique combination self-propulsion programmable Zeta potential, can quickly attract trap on surface, including slits between multi-layer stacks, allowing collection. Utilized as self-motile preconcentration platforms, they enable nanoplastics' electrochemical detection using low-cost portable electrodes. proof-of-concept study paves way toward "on-site" screening water its successive remediation.

Язык: Английский

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Smart micro- and nanorobots for water purification

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 1(4), С. 236 - 251

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Advances of medical nanorobots for future cancer treatments

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Июль 14, 2023

Early detection and diagnosis of many cancers is very challenging. Late stage a cancer always leads to high mortality rates. It imperative develop novel more sensitive effective therapeutic methods for treatments. The development new treatments has become crucial aspect medical advancements. Nanobots, as one the most promising applications nanomedicines, are at forefront multidisciplinary research. With progress nanotechnology, nanobots enable assembly deployment functional molecular/nanosized machines increasingly being utilized in treatment. In recent years, various practical have transitioned from theory practice, vitro experiments vivo applications. this paper, we review analyze advancements treatments, with particular emphasis on their key fundamental features drug delivery, tumor sensing diagnosis, targeted therapy, minimally invasive surgery, other comprehensive At same time, discuss challenges potential research opportunities revolutionizing future, expected sophisticated capable performing multiple functions tasks, ultimately becoming true nanosubmarines bloodstream.

Язык: Английский

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Gastrointestinal tract drug delivery using algae motors embedded in a degradable capsule

Science Robotics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 7(70)

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2022

The use of micromotors for active drug delivery via oral administration has recently gained considerable interest. However, efficient motor-assisted into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract remains challenging, owing to short propulsion lifetime currently used micromotor platforms. Here, we report on an algae-based motor platform, which takes advantage fast and long-lasting swimming behavior natural microalgae in intestinal fluid prolong local retention within GI tract. Fluorescent dye or cell membrane-coated nanoparticle functionalized algae motors were further embedded inside a pH-sensitive capsule enhance small intestines. In vitro, displayed constant motion simulated after 12 hours continuous operation. When orally administered vivo mice, substantially improved distribution payload compared with traditional magnesium-based micromotors, are limited by lifetimes, they also enhanced model chemotherapeutic passive formulation. Overall, combining extended protective capabilities capsules results promising platform capable achieving greatly cargo tissue practical biomedical applications.

Язык: Английский

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Magnetic Nanorobots as Maneuverable Immunoassay Probes for Automated and Efficient Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay

ACS Nano, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 16(1), С. 180 - 191

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2022

As a typical, classical, but powerful biochemical sensing technology in analytical chemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) shows excellence and wide practicability for quantifying analytes of ultralow concentration. However, long incubation time burdensome laborious multistep washing processes make it inefficient labor-intensive conventional ELISA. Here, we propose rod-like magnetically driven nanorobots (MNRs) use as maneuverable immunoassay probes that facilitate strategy an automated highly efficient ELISA analysis, termed enabled (nR-ELISA). To prepare the MNRs, self-assembled chains Fe3O4 magnetic particles are chemically coated with thin layer rigid silica oxide (SiO2), onto which capture antibody (Ab1) is grafted to further achieve (MNR-Ab1s). We investigate fluid velocity distribution around MNRs at microscale using numerical simulation empirically identify mixing efficiency actively rotating MNRs. automate analysis process, design fabricate by 3-D printing detection unit consisting three function wells. The MNR-Ab1s can be steered into different wells required reaction or wishing process. enhance binding efficacy target greatly decrease time. integrated nR-ELISA system significantly reduce time, more importantly during process manpower input minimized. Our field generated Helmholtz coils demonstrates our approach scaled up, proves feasibility current construct high throughput instrument. This work taking micro/nanobots active automatic not only holds great potential point-of-care testing (POCT) future also extends practical applications self-propelled micro/nanorobots chemistry.

Язык: Английский

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Biohybrid Microalgae Robots: Design, Fabrication, Materials, and Applications

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 36(3)

Опубликована: Июль 20, 2023

The integration of microorganisms and engineered artificial components has shown considerable promise for creating biohybrid microrobots. unique features microalgae make them attractive candidates as natural actuation materials the design microrobotic systems. In this review, microalgae-based microrobots are introduced diverse biomedical environmental applications. distinct propulsion phototaxis behaviors green microalgae, well important properties from other photosynthetic microalga systems (blue-green algae diatom) that crucial to constructing powerful microrobots, will be described first. Then focus is on chemical physical routes functionalizing surface with reactive toward fabrication advanced robots. Finally, representative applications such algae-driven presented, including drug delivery, imaging, water decontamination, highlighting advantages these active robots, along future prospects challenges.

Язык: Английский

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Biohybrid microrobots locally and actively deliver drug-loaded nanoparticles to inhibit the progression of lung metastasis

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(24)

Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2024

Lung metastasis poses a formidable challenge in the realm of cancer treatment, with conventional chemotherapy often falling short due to limited targeting and low accumulation lungs. Here, we show microrobot approach using motile algae for localized delivery drug-loaded nanoparticles address lung challenges. The biohybrid [denoted “algae-NP(DOX)-robot”] combines green microalgae red blood cell membrane–coated containing doxorubicin, representative chemotherapeutic drug. Microalgae provide autonomous propulsion lungs, leveraging controlled drug release enhanced dispersion exert antimetastatic effects. Upon intratracheal administration, algae-NP(DOX)-robots efficiently transport their payload deep into lungs while maintaining continuous motility. This strategy leads rapid distribution, improved tissue accumulation, prolonged retention compared passive free controls. In melanoma model, exhibit substantial improvement therapeutic efficacy, reducing metastatic burden extending survival control groups.

Язык: Английский

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Advanced materials for micro/nanorobotics

Chemical Society Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 53(18), С. 9190 - 9253

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Autonomous micro/nanorobots capable of performing programmed missions are at the forefront next-generation micromachinery. These small robotic systems predominantly constructed using functional components sourced from micro- and nanoscale materials; therefore, combining them with various advanced materials represents a pivotal direction toward achieving higher level intelligence multifunctionality. This review provides comprehensive overview for innovative micro/nanorobotics, focusing on five families that have witnessed most rapid advancements over last decade: two-dimensional materials, metal-organic frameworks, semiconductors, polymers, biological cells. Their unique physicochemical, mechanical, optical, properties been integrated into to achieve greater maneuverability, programmability, intelligence, multifunctionality in collective behaviors. The design fabrication methods hybrid discussed based material categories. In addition, their promising potential powering motion and/or (multi-)functionality is described fundamental principles underlying explained. Finally, extensive use variety applications, including environmental remediation, (bio)sensing, therapeutics,

Язык: Английский

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Microalgae‐Based Biohybrid Microrobot for Accelerated Diabetic Wound Healing

Small, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 19(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 10, 2022

Abstract A variety of wound healing platforms have been proposed to alleviate the hypoxic condition and/or modulate immune responses for treatment chronic wounds in diabetes. However, these with passive diffusion therapeutic agents through blood clot result relatively low delivery efficiency into deep site. Here, a microalgae‐based biohybrid microrobot accelerated diabetic is developed. The autonomously moves at velocity 33.3 µm s −1 and generates oxygen alleviation condition. In addition, efficiently bound inflammatory chemokines interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) modulating responses. enhanced penetration corroborated by measuring fibrin clots biomimetic using microfluidic devices retention confirmed real wounded mouse skin tissue. After deposition on mice without dressing, treated microrobots are completely healed after 9 days significant decrease cytokines below 31% control level upregulated angiogenesis above 20 times CD31 + cells. These results confirm feasibility as next‐generation platform healing.

Язык: Английский

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Large‐Scale Self‐Assembly of MOFs Colloidosomes for Bubble‐Propelled Micromotors and Stirring‐Free Environmental Remediation

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 61(46)

Опубликована: Сен. 19, 2022

The design of MOF-based micromotors (MOFtors) is still challenging and with limited approaches, especially for the MOF nanoparticles (NPs). Herein, we report a universal straightforward strategy to efficiently self-assembly NPs into robust MOFtors enhanced organic- or heavy-metal-ion-contaminants remediation without mechanical stirring. Based on transient Pickering emulsion method, Fe3 O4 @NH2 -UiO-66 (Fe-UiO) are rapidly self-assembled colloidosomes (Fe-UiOSomes) large scale, formation mechanism systematically studied. Fe-UiOSomes-Pt through chemical reduction (Micromotor-C) presented higher motility 450±180 μm s-1 in 5 wt% H2 O2 aqueous solution. Finally, bubble-propelled Micromotor-C was employed remove dyes heavy metal ions (94 % MO 91 CrVI ).

Язык: Английский

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