The
treatment
of
pancreatic
cancer
faces
significant
challenges
due
to
connective
tissue
hyperplasia
and
severe
hypoxia.
Unlike
oxygen-dependent
Type
II
photosensitizers,
I
photosensitizers
can
produce
a
substantial
amount
reactive
oxygen
species,
even
under
hypoxic
conditions,
making
them
more
suitable
for
photodynamic
therapy
cancer.
However,
the
dense
extracellular
matrix
limits
penetration
efficiency
presence
immunosuppressive
cells
in
tumor
microenvironment
reduces
therapeutic
effect.
To
address
these
challenges,
we
designed
photoimmunotherapeutic
M1@PAP
nanoparticles
composed
photosensitizer
anti-PD-L1
siRNA
(siPD-L1),
which
was
encapsulated
into
M1
macrophage
membrane
vesicles.
In
this
system,
pyropheophorbide-a
(PPA)
covalently
conjugated
poly-l-arginine
(Arg9).
Notably,
it
capable
generating
sufficient
superoxide
anions
thereby
functioning
as
photosensitizer.
Furthermore,
Arg9
acted
nitric
oxide
(NO)
donor,
enhancing
nanophotosensitizer
by
inhibiting
cancer-associated
fibroblast
(CAF)
activation
decomposing
matrix.
Additionally,
vesicles
provided
active
targeting
capabilities
reeducated
immunosuppressed
M2
macrophages.
reversal
further
promoted
efficacy
immunotherapy,
showing
great
potential
synergistic
immunotherapy
against
tumor.
Bioengineering,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
10(7), С. 760 - 760
Опубликована: Июнь 25, 2023
Nano-oncology
is
a
branch
of
biomedical
research
and
engineering
that
focuses
on
using
nanotechnology
in
cancer
diagnosis
treatment.
Nanomaterials
are
extensively
employed
the
field
oncology
because
their
minute
size
ultra-specificity.
A
wide
range
nanocarriers,
such
as
dendrimers,
micelles,
PEGylated
liposomes,
polymeric
nanoparticles
used
to
facilitate
efficient
transport
anti-cancer
drugs
at
target
tumor
site.
Real-time
labeling
monitoring
cells
quantum
dots
essential
for
determining
level
therapy
needed
The
drug
targeted
site
either
by
passive
or
active
means.
Passive
targeting
makes
use
microenvironment
enhanced
permeability
retention
effect,
while
involves
ligand-coated
nanoparticles.
Nanotechnology
being
diagnose
early
stage
detecting
cancer-specific
biomarkers
imaging.
implication
employs
photoinduced
nanosensitizers,
reverse
multidrug
resistance,
enabling
delivery
CRISPR/Cas9
RNA
molecules
therapeutic
applications.
However,
despite
recent
advancements
nano-oncology,
there
need
delve
deeper
into
domain
designing
applying
improved
diagnostics.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Март 21, 2024
Abstract
Photodynamic
therapy
(PDT)
is
a
promising
cancer
treatment
but
has
limitations
due
to
its
dependence
on
oxygen
and
high-power-density
photoexcitation.
Here,
we
report
polymer-based
organic
photosensitizers
(PSs)
through
rational
PS
skeleton
design
precise
side-chain
engineering
generate
•O
2
−
•OH
under
oxygen-free
conditions
using
ultralow-power
808
nm
photoexcitation
for
tumor-specific
photodynamic
ablation.
The
designed
skeletons
can
electron-hole
pairs
sensitize
H
O
into
with
photoexcitation,
achieving
NIR-photoexcited
oxygen-independent
production.
Further,
compared
commonly
used
alkyl
side
chains,
glycol
oligomer
as
the
chain
mitigates
recombination
offers
more
molecules
around
generated
from
hydrophobic
skeletons,
which
yield
4-fold
stronger
production,
thus
allowing
an
high
PDT
effect.
Finally,
feasibility
of
developing
activatable
PSs
in
female
mice
further
demonstrated
irradiation
15
mW
cm
−2
.
study
not
only
provides
insights
mechanism
also
general
guideline
develop
NIR
PDT.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
63(12)
Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2024
We
herein
present
an
approach
of
photo-induced
disproportionation
for
preparation
Type-I
photodynamic
agents.
As
a
proof
concept,
BODIPY-based
photosensitizers
were
rationally
designed
and
prepared.
The
intermolecular
electron
transfer
between
homotypic
chromophores
leads
to
the
reaction,
resulting
in
formation
charged
intermediates,
cationic
anionic
radicals.
radicals
efficiently
oxidize
cellularimportant
coenzyme,
tetrahydrobiopterin
(BH
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
63(15)
Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2024
Developing
Type-I
photosensitizers
provides
an
attractive
approach
to
solve
the
dilemma
of
inadequate
efficacy
photodynamic
therapy
(PDT)
caused
by
inherent
oxygen
consumption
traditional
Type-II
PDT
and
anoxic
tumor
microenvironment.
The
challenge
for
exploration
PSs
is
facilitate
electron
transfer
ability
photosensitization
molecules
transforming
or
H
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 10, 2024
Abstract
The
development
of
Type
I
photosensitizers
(PSs)
is
great
importance
due
to
the
inherent
hypoxic
intolerance
photodynamic
therapy
(PDT)
in
microenvironment.
Compared
II
PSs,
PSs
are
less
reported
absence
a
general
molecular
design
strategy.
Herein,
we
report
that
combination
typical
PS
and
natural
substrate
carvacrol
(CA)
can
significantly
facilitate
pathway
efficiently
generate
superoxide
radical
(O
2
–•
).
Detailed
mechanism
study
suggests
CA
activated
into
thymoquinone
(TQ)
by
local
singlet
oxygen
generated
from
upon
light
irradiation.
With
TQ
as
an
efficient
electron
transfer
mediator,
it
promotes
conversion
O
via
transfer-based
pathway.
Notably,
three
classical
employed
demonstrate
universality
proposed
approach.
PDT
against
S.
aureus
has
been
demonstrated
under
conditions
vitro.
Furthermore,
this
coupled
agent
exhibits
significant
bactericidal
activity
with
antibacterial
rate
99.6%
for
bacterial-infection
female
mice
vivo
experiments.
Here,
show
simple,
effective,
universal
method
endow
traditional
tolerance.
Bioactive Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
34, С. 414 - 421
Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2024
Tumor
hypoxia
diminishes
the
effectiveness
of
traditional
type
II
photodynamic
therapy
(PDT)
due
to
oxygen
consumption.
Type
I
PDT,
which
can
operate
independently
oxygen,
is
a
viable
option
for
treating
hypoxic
tumors.
In
this
study,
we
have
designed
and
synthesized
JSK@PEG-IR820
NPs
that
are
responsive
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
enhance
PDT
through
glutathione
(GSH)
depletion.
Our
approach
aims
expand
sources
therapeutic
benefits
by
promoting
generation
superoxide
radicals
(O
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
34(37)
Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2024
Abstract
Breast
cancer
stem
cells
(CSCs)
are
responsible
for
the
occurrence,
resistance,
recurrence,
invasion,
and
metastasis
of
tumors.
However,
even
trace
amounts
CSCs
may
lead
to
tumor
resistance
which
fundamentally
reduces
therapeutic
efficiency
numerous
anticancer
drugs.
Thus,
development
a
agent
that
can
reduce
tumorigenicity
overcome
recurrence
is
essential.
Here
novel
multifunctional
prodrug
T‐P
reported
as
photosensitizer,
links
phenothiazine
drug
with
synthesized
aggregation‐induced
emission
photosensitizer
T‐C
via
an
ester
bond.
Importantly,
this
found
be
able
induce
pyroptosis
breast
well
activate
their
death
pathway
protein
phosphatase
2A
inhibit
systemic
anti‐tumor
effects.
rapidly
target
mitochondria
overlap
lysosomes
after
mitochondrial
escape,
it
cause
lysosomal
dysfunction.
It
releases
reactive
oxygen
species
through
photoactivation,
triggering
pyroptosis‐mediated
strong
immune
response.
On
5th
day
in
vivo
therapy
cancer,
primary
eliminated
growth
distant
tumors
also
inhibited.
This
research
would
provide
impetus
new
strategy
CSCs‐targeted
photoimmunotherapy
beyond.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2025
Abstract
Photodynamic
therapy
(PDT)
using
traditional
type
II
photosensitizers
(PSs)
has
been
limited
in
hypoxic
tumors
due
to
excessive
oxygen
consumption.
The
conversion
from
into
a
less
oxygen‐dependent
I
PDT
pathway
shown
the
potential
combat
tumors.
Herein,
design
of
heterodimeric
PS,
NBSSe
,
by
conjugating
widely
used
PS
NBS
and
NBSe
via
molecular
dimerization,
achieving
aggregation‐regulated
efficient
photodynamic
for
first
time
is
reported.
Electrochemistry
characterizations
theoretical
calculations
elucidate
that
tends
form
S
+·
/Se
−·
radical
pair
intramolecular
electron
transfer
co‐excited
*
aggregate,
realizing
7.25‐fold
O
2
generation
compared
80%
suppression
1
.
enhanced
enables
excellent
anti‐hypoxia
efficiency
inhibition
pulmonary
metastasis.
Additionally,
incorporation
electron‐rich
bovine
serum
albumin
accelerates
recycling
cationic
further
boosting
photostability
generation.
resultant
BSA@NBSSe
nanoparticles
demonstrate
successful
tumor‐targeting
capability.
This
work
provides
an
appealing
avenue
convert
ROS
cancer
phototherapy
hypoxia.