Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
372(1715), С. 20160154 - 20160154
Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2017
Astrocytes
intimately
interact
with
synapses,
both
morphologically
and,
as
evidenced
in
the
past
20
years,
at
functional
level.
Ultrathin
astrocytic
processes
contact
and
sometimes
enwrap
synaptic
elements,
sense
transmission
shape
or
alter
signal
by
releasing
signalling
molecules.
Yet,
consequences
of
such
interactions
terms
information
processing
brain
remain
very
elusive.
This
is
largely
due
to
two
major
constraints:
(i)
exquisitely
complex,
dynamic
ultrathin
nature
distal
that
renders
their
investigation
highly
challenging
(ii)
our
lack
understanding
how
encoded
local
global
fluctuations
intracellular
calcium
concentrations
astrocytes.
Here,
we
will
review
existing
anatomical
evidence
between
astrocytes
it
underlies
a
role
for
computation
information.This
article
part
themed
issue
'Integrating
Hebbian
homeostatic
plasticity'.
Physiological Reviews,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
98(1), С. 239 - 389
Опубликована: Дек. 24, 2017
Astrocytes
are
neural
cells
of
ectodermal,
neuroepithelial
origin
that
provide
for
homeostasis
and
defense
the
central
nervous
system
(CNS).
highly
heterogeneous
in
morphological
appearance;
they
express
a
multitude
receptors,
channels,
membrane
transporters.
This
complement
underlies
their
remarkable
adaptive
plasticity
defines
functional
maintenance
CNS
development
aging.
tightly
integrated
into
networks
act
within
context
tissue;
astrocytes
control
at
all
levels
organization
from
molecular
to
whole
organ.
Neuron,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
95(3), С. 531 - 549.e9
Опубликована: Июль 14, 2017
Astrocytes
are
ubiquitous
in
the
brain
and
widely
held
to
be
largely
identical.
However,
this
view
has
not
been
fully
tested,
possibility
that
astrocytes
neural
circuit
specialized
remains
unexplored.
Here,
we
used
multiple
integrated
approaches,
including
RNA
sequencing
(RNA-seq),
mass
spectrometry,
electrophysiology,
immunohistochemistry,
serial
block-face-scanning
electron
microscopy,
morphological
reconstructions,
pharmacogenetics,
diffusible
dye,
calcium,
glutamate
imaging,
directly
compare
adult
striatal
hippocampal
under
identical
conditions.
We
found
significant
differences
electrophysiological
properties,
Ca2+
signaling,
morphology,
astrocyte-synapse
proximity
between
astrocytes.
Unbiased
evaluation
of
actively
translated
proteomic
data
confirmed
astrocyte
diversity
circuits.
thus
report
core
reveal
evidence
for
within
circuits,
provide
new,
database
resources
approaches
explore
function
throughout
brain.Video
AbstracteyJraWQiOiI4ZjUxYWNhY2IzYjhiNjNlNzFlYmIzYWFmYTU5NmZmYyIsImFsZyI6IlJTMjU2In0.eyJzdWIiOiI0OGY5MjVkMzgwOGU0NTkwZGMzNTRhMjQwZjZkMWM0OCIsImtpZCI6IjhmNTFhY2FjYjNiOGI2M2U3MWViYjNhYWZhNTk2ZmZjIiwiZXhwIjoxNjc3ODAzMzg0fQ.MwSBbMAp8Z94bVovEvEtEK9rSaCme1FWQaVStp6O8krax6PBRClksqtYhGWrI6xK8ct9tTpHJOavNya9agX01pfBV5Xv2_BxcAlr-eYdkIlnW6ddiNKQ9_7eEHZulgpmyVbQq2DLjKc1qNoV1ABBLI5qYU4yHQPnu-EI2_RASm5h1NErzRmbGIHeglc9V82L8hZBX8NyvUw74JxMPzvU4cgxuX5JBvnXBUOvw2oTkF0oPeBvpSchW6EKQzen4Skxhu-LXb5aAa3LkCMU3JhcCep28BCCVsKkV1kx3RuXhdJgkWD2ucI-70LBWqUvhtG-49ThFs0TB8dIBr74DrFLKA(mp4,
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video
Annual Review of Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
42(1), С. 187 - 207
Опубликована: Июль 8, 2019
Astrocytes
are
morphologically
complex,
ubiquitous
cells
that
viewed
as
a
homogeneous
population
tiling
the
entire
central
nervous
system
(CNS).
However,
this
view
has
been
challenged
in
last
few
years
with
availability
of
RNA
sequencing,
immunohistochemistry,
electron
microscopy,
morphological
reconstruction,
and
imaging
data.
These
studies
suggest
astrocytes
represent
diverse
they
display
brain
area–
disease–specific
properties
functions.
In
review,
we
summarize
these
observations,
emphasize
areas
where
clear
conclusions
can
be
made,
discuss
potential
unifying
themes.
We
also
identify
knowledge
gaps
need
to
addressed
order
exploit
astrocyte
diversity
biological
phenomenon
physiological
relevance
CNS.
thus
provide
summary
perspective
on
vertebrate
