Towards understanding sex differences in autism spectrum disorders

Brain Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 1833, С. 148877 - 148877

Опубликована: Март 19, 2024

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by social deficits, repetitive behaviours and lack of empathy. Its significant genetic heritability potential comorbidities often lead to diagnostic therapeutic challenges. This review addresses the biological basis ASD, focusing on sex differences in gene expression hormonal influences. ASD more commonly diagnosed males at ratio 4:1, indicating oversight female-specific research risk underdiagnosis females. We consider how manifests differently across sexes exploring differential female male brains variations steroid hormones influence characteristics. Synaptic function, including excitation/inhibition imbalance, influenced mutations this explored as key factor cognitive behavioural manifestations ASD. also discuss role micro RNAs (miRNAs) highlight novel mutation miRNA-873, which affects suite synaptic genes, neurexin, neuroligin, SHANK post-synaptic density proteins, implicated pathology Our suggests that predisposition, brain expression, factors significantly contribute presentation, identification severity necessitating sex-specific considerations diagnosis treatments. These findings advocate for personalized interventions improve outcomes individuals with

Язык: Английский

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Multi-level cognitive state classification of learners using complex brain networks and interpretable machine learning

Cognitive Neurodynamics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 19(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Temperament traits as predictors of depression and anxiety in patients with asthma and COPD

Current Problems of Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26, С. 11 - 21

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between individual temperament traits among patients with chronic respiratory diseases and risk developing symptoms anxiety depression in an adult population. Material methods: A total 150 subjects (72 women 78 men) were enrolled after obtaining their informed written consent. age 50.35 ± 15.84 mean men 52.14 18.39 years. Patients suffering from asthma and/or COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). used a diagnostic survey method utilizing 3 questionnaires. Formal Behavioural Characteristics Temperament Questionnaire (FCZ-KT), allowed severity be determined. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) assess depressive symptoms, while State-Trait Anxiety (STAI) questionnaire measured as state trait. Results: results indicate that, studied, briskness emotional reactivity are significant for development symptoms. High levels factor anxiety, high crankiness is protective reducing anxiety. Conclusions: presented here show potential trait analysis early diagnosis prevention disorders allowing better control effectiveness treatment somatic conditions.

Язык: Английский

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Self-Transcendence as a Personality Trait

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Perceptions of Monica Geller in Friends: A Pilot Study on Personality Frameworks and Parasocial Relationships

Behavioral Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(2), С. 146 - 146

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2025

This pilot study investigated how viewers perceive Monica Geller’s personality using three evidence-based models: Big Five, HEXACO, and Cloninger’s Biopsychosocial Model. Additionally, it examined these perceptions are associated to audiences’ engagement in parasocial relationships with this iconic character from the sitcom Friends. A sample of sixty-three participants assessed Monica’s by responding Five Inventory (BFI), HEXACO-60, Temperament Character (TCI-60). Participants also completed Multidimensional Measure Parasocial Relationships (MMPR). Personality scores were contextualized against U.S. population norms (NBFI = 711, NHEXACO 1126, NTCI 1948) Pearson correlations conducted explore associations between traits Affective, Behavioral, Cognitive, Decisional dimensions engagement. Normative comparisons revealed perceived Openness Agreeableness her HEXACO as significantly below average, while Neuroticism Conscientiousness above average. In Model, Persistence was higher than norms, Cooperativeness lower. showed across all dimensions. Emotionality strongly linked Affective Behavioral dimensions, Honesty–Humility Cognitive Reward Dependence engagement, Self-Directedness dimension. The Model offered most comprehensive insights, capturing multidimensional nature viewer–character models added valuable perspectives, particularly explaining that trust kindness decision making. These findings emphasize importance integrating multiple frameworks advance understanding relationship shedding light on nuanced ways shape audience media characters, significant implications for psychology research. Limitations avenues future developments discussed, building insights study.

Язык: Английский

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Hallmarks of Brain Plasticity

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(2), С. 460 - 460

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025

Cerebral plasticity is the ability of brain to change and adapt in response experience or learning. Its hallmarks are developmental flexibility, complex interactions between genetic environmental influences, structural-functional changes comprising neurogenesis, axonal sprouting, synaptic remodeling. Studies on have important practical implications. The molecular characteristics may reveal disease course rehabilitative potential patient. Neurological disorders linked with numerous cerebral non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), particular, microRNAs; discovery their essential role gene regulation was recently recognized awarded a Nobel Prize Physiology Medicine 2024. Herein, we review association its homeostasis ncRNAs, which make them putative targets for RNA-based diagnostics therapeutics. New insight into concept provide additional perspectives functional recovery following damage. Knowledge this phenomenon will enable physicians exploit regulate eloquent networks timely interventions. Future studies pathophysiological mechanisms at macro- microscopic levels advance rehabilitation strategies improve quality life patients neurological diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Hypergraph-based analysis of weighted gene co-expression hypernetwork

Frontiers in Genetics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2025

Background With the rapid advancement of gene sequencing technologies, Traditional weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), which relies on pairwise relationships, struggles to capture higher-order interactions and exhibits low computational efficiency when handling large, complex datasets. Methods To overcome these challenges, we propose a novel Weighted Gene Co-expression Hypernetwork Analysis (WGCHNA) based hypergraph, where genes are modeled as nodes samples hyperedges. By calculating hypergraph Laplacian matrix, WGCHNA generates topological overlap matrix for module identification through hierarchical clustering. Results four expression datasets show that outperforms WGCNA in functional enrichment. identifies biologically relevant modules with greater complexity, particularly processes like neuronal energy metabolism linked Alzheimer’s disease. Additionally, enrichment uncovers more comprehensive pathway hierarchies, revealing potential regulatory relationships targets. Conclusion effectively addresses WGCNA’s limitations, providing superior accuracy detecting deeper insights disease research, making it powerful tool analyzing biological systems.

Язык: Английский

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Nursing students' personality (Temperament and Character), burnout symptoms, and health and well-being

International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6, С. 100206 - 100206

Опубликована: Май 6, 2024

: About 9 million nurses will be needed by 2030. To face these unprecedented times, governments/institutions focus on educating as many nursing students possible. This strategy is clouded burnout and lack of both health well-being among the fact that personality one major determinants outcomes. Nevertheless, recent findings show a complex adaptive system (i,e., nonlinear) combinations people's temperament character traits (i.e., joint networks) might provide further information to understand its development, academic burnout, well-being. Our aims were investigate linear relationship between students' personality, health, well-being; mediational effects differences in outcomes between/within with distinct networks nonlinear relationships). Swedish (189 women, 29 men) responded Temperament Character Inventory, The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey for Students, Public Health Surveillance Well-Being Scale. We conducted correlation analyses Structural Equation Modeling and, relationships, Latent Profile Analysis Class clustering then Analyses Variance networks. study was not pre-registered. High levels low symptoms (low Emotional Exhaustion, Cynicism, high Academic Efficacy) associated Harm Avoidance Self-Directedness. Some specific (e.g., Self-Transcendence-high Exhaustion Persistence-high their mediated symptoms. Cynicism predicted well-being, Efficacy levels, lead directly indirectly through Exhaustion. found two networks: an Organized/Reliable combination who reported being less emotionally exhausted studies, cynical towards education, higher self-efficacy regarding work/skills, better compared Emotional/Unreliable combination. coherence temperament-character, rather than single traits, seems determine Thus, education need helping develop professional skills health-related abilities self-acceptance spiritual-acceptance), supporting self-awareness.

Язык: Английский

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The role of temperament and character in the anxiety-depression spectrum among Korean adults

Journal of Affective Disorders, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 359, С. 1 - 13

Опубликована: Май 17, 2024

Temperament and character are useful in risk assessment therapy of individuals the anxiety-depression spectrum but understudied South Korea.

Язык: Английский

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Agentive steadfastness as trait marker in relation to temperament and character

Journal of Affective Disorders, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 361, С. 348 - 355

Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2024

Agentive steadfastness was identified as a potential trait marker with which to anticipate prognostically that patient will persevere steadfastly and take congruent action in facing the demands of living. Taken an enduring expression personality, this study investigated agentive among adult social media respondents (n = 511) relation temperament character captured Cloninger's psychobiological model personality.

Язык: Английский

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