Gut microbiota and its metabolites in depression: from pathogenesis to treatment

EBioMedicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 90, С. 104527 - 104527

Опубликована: Март 22, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in health and disease

MedComm, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 4(6)

Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2023

The gut microbiota and its homeostasis play a crucial role in human health. However, for some diseases related to the microbiota, current traditional medicines can only relieve symptoms, it is difficult solve root causes or even cause side effects like disturbances microbiota. Increasing clinical studies evidences have demonstrated that probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics prevent treat various diseases, but currently they be used as dietary supplements rather than medicines, which restricts application of probiotics field medicine. Here, this review analyzes importance health problems systematically summarizes effectiveness mechanisms maintaining treating based on animal models trials. And research outcomes development trends field, challenges prospects their health, alleviating are analyzed. It hoped promote disease treatment open up new frontiers probiotic research.

Язык: Английский

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The Effects of Probiotics, Prebiotics and Synbiotics in Non-Alcoholic Fat Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH): A Systematic Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(15), С. 8805 - 8805

Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2022

Modifications in the microbiota caused by environmental and genetic reasons can unbalance intestinal homeostasis, deregulating host's metabolism immune system, intensifying risk factors for development aggravation of non-alcoholic fat liver disease (NAFLD). The use probiotics, prebiotics synbiotics have been considered a potential promising strategy to regulate gut produce beneficial effects patients with conditions. For this reason, review aimed evaluate effectiveness prebiotics, symbiotics NAFLD NASH. Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane databases were consulted, PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analysis) guidelines followed. clinical trials used study demonstrated that interventions could improve wide range markers inflammation, glycemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, obesity, injury (decrease hepatic enzymes steatosis fibrosis). Although modulators do not play healing role, they work as an important adjunct therapy pathological processes involving its spectrums, either improving barrier or preventing formation toxic metabolites acting on system.

Язык: Английский

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Gut liver brain axis in diseases: the implications for therapeutic interventions

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 6, 2023

Gut-liver-brain axis is a three-way highway of information interaction system among the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and nervous systems. In past few decades, breakthrough progress has been made in gut liver brain axis, mainly through understanding its formation mechanism increasing treatment strategies. this review, we discuss various complex networks including barrier permeability, hormones, microbial metabolites, vagus nerve, neurotransmitters, immunity, toxic β-amyloid (Aβ) metabolism, epigenetic regulation gut-liver-brain axis. Some therapies containing antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), polyphenols, low FODMAP diet nanotechnology application regulate Besides, some special treatments targeting gut-liver include farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonists, takeda G protein-coupled 5 (TGR5) glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) antagonists fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) analogs. Targeting gut-brain embraces cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), antidepressants tryptophan metabolism-related therapies. liver-brain contains Aβ future, better interactions will promote development novel preventative strategies discovery precise therapeutic targets multiple diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Elucidating the role of diet in maintaining gut health to reduce the risk of obesity, cardiovascular and other age-related inflammatory diseases: recent challenges and future recommendations

Gut Microbes, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2024

A healthy balanced diet is crucial in protecting the immune system against infections and diseases. Poor diets, such as Western diet, contribute to development of metabolic diseases, hypertension, obesity. Microbiota, primarily composed different microorganisms residing gastrointestinal tract (GIT), also play a significant role maintaining gut health. Polyphenols probiotics found fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, seeds promote health support growth beneficial bacteria. Different types their categories, impact on are mentioned. The relationship between health, risk developing obesity, cardiovascular inflammatory diseases discussed this review article. rationale behind concludes future recommendations for reducing occurrence cardiometabolic other There need standardized research methods, long-term studies, translating scientific knowledge into practical dietary recommendations.

Язык: Английский

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The role of probiotics and prebiotics in modulating of the gut-brain axis

Frontiers in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10

Опубликована: Июль 26, 2023

Pro-and prebiotics have been indicated to modulate the gut-brain axis, which supportive impacts on central nervous systems, and decrease or control incidence of some mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, autism, Schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s. In this review, complex communications among microbiota, gut, brain, also recent scientific findings possible action mechanisms pro-and discussed. The results shown that can improve function system play an important role in prevention treatment brain disorders; however, order prove these effects conclusively firmly use compounds a therapeutic way, more studies are needed, especially human studies/clinical trials.

Язык: Английский

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Acceptability, Tolerability, and Estimates of Putative Treatment Effects of Probiotics as Adjunctive Treatment in Patients With Depression

JAMA Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 80(8), С. 842 - 842

Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2023

The microbiota-gut-brain axis is a promising target for novel treatments mood disorders, such as probiotics. However, few clinical trials have been conducted, and further safety efficacy data are needed to support this treatment approach.To provide acceptability tolerability estimates of intervention effect size probiotics adjunctive patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).In single-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot randomized trial, adults aged 18 55 years MDD taking antidepressant medication but having an incomplete response were studied. A random sample was recruited from primary secondary care services general advertising in London, United Kingdom. Data collected between September 2019 May 2022 analyzed July 2022.Multistrain probiotic (8 billion colony-forming units per day) or placebo daily 8 weeks added ongoing medication.The outcomes the trial retention, acceptability, tolerability, putative on symptoms (depression: Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [HAMD-17] Inventory Depressive Symptomatology [IDS] scores; anxiety: Anxiety [HAMA] General Disorder [GAD-7] scores) be used indicators definitive trial.Of 50 included participants, 49 received intent-to-treat analyses; these, 39 (80%) female, mean (SD) age 31.7 (9.8) years. total 24 25 placebo. Attrition 8% (1 group 3 group), adherence 97.2%, there no serious adverse reactions. For group, HAMD-17 scores at 4 11.00 (5.13) 8.83 (4.28), respectively; IDS, 30.17 (11.98) 25.04 (11.68); HAMA, 11.71 (5.86) 8.17 (4.68); GAD-7, 7.78 (4.12) 7.63 (4.77). 14.04 (3.70) 11.09 (3.22), 33.82 (9.26) 29.64 (9.31); 14.70 (5.47) 10.95 (4.48); 10.91 (5.32) 9.48 (5.18). Standardized sizes (SES) linear mixed models demonstrated that attained greater improvements according (week 4: SES, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.01-0.98) IDS Self Report 8: 0.64; 0.03-0.87) well anxiety HAMA 0.67; 0-0.95; week 0.79; 0.06-1.05), not GAD-7 0.57; -0.01 0.82; 0.32; -0.19 0.65), compared group.The estimated key encourage investigation add-on people trial.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03893162.

Язык: Английский

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The gut-brain vascular axis in neuroinflammation

Seminars in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 69, С. 101802 - 101802

Опубликована: Июль 7, 2023

The multifaceted microbiota characterizing our gut plays a crucial role in maintaining immune, metabolic and tissue homeostasis of the intestine as well distal organs, including central nervous system. Microbial dysbiosis is reported several inflammatory intestinal diseases characterized by impairment epithelial vascular barriers, defined leaky gut, it potential danger condition associated with development metabolic, neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, we pointed out strict connection between brain via novel axis. Here want to deepen knowledge on gut-brain axis, particular emphasis microbial dysbiosis, cerebral firm association axis will be summarized context protection, amelioration or boosting Alzheimer, Parkinson, Major depressive Anxiety disorders. Understanding relationship disease pathophysiology, mucosal barrier function host-microbe interaction foster use microbiome biomarker for health target therapeutic nutritional advances.

Язык: Английский

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Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on Gut Microbiota in Patients with Major Depressive Disorders: A Systematic Review

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(6), С. 1351 - 1351

Опубликована: Март 10, 2023

There is accumulating evidence on the beneficial effects of probiotic supplementation for patients with depressive disorders. However, prior reviews topic have largely focused clinical effectiveness limited emphasis underlying mechanisms action and probiotics gut microbiota. In accordance PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature search Medline, EMBASE Cochrane Library using combinations key words, (“depress*” OR “MDD” “suicide”), (“probiotic” “Lactobacillus” “Bifidobacterium”) AND (“gut” “gut micr*” “microbiota”), as well grey was performed. We found seven trials involving major disorder (MDD). The small number studies heterogeneous sources data precluded meta-analysis. Most (other than one open-label trial) had low-to-moderate risk bias, which due to lack control diet Probiotic yielded only modest symptoms there were no consistent microbiota diversity, in most instances, significant alterations composition observed after four eight weeks intervention. also reporting adverse events good longer-term data. Patients MDD may require longer time show improvement microbial host environment need produce alterations. To advance this field, further larger-scale are required.

Язык: Английский

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Effect of short-term, high-dose probiotic supplementation on cognition, related brain functions and BDNF in patients with depression: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial

Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 48(1), С. E23 - E33

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2023

Background:

In major depressive disorder (MDD), cognitive dysfunctions strongly contribute to functional impairments but are barely addressed in current therapies. Novel treatment strategies addressing symptoms depression needed. As the gut microbiota–brain axis is linked and cognition, we investigated effect of a 4-week high-dose probiotic supplementation on depression.

Methods:

This randomized controlled trial included 60 patients with MDD, whom 43 entered modified intention-to-treat analysis. A supplement or indistinguishable placebo containing maltose was administered over 31 days addition as usual for Participant scores Verbal Learning Memory Test (VLMT), Corsi Block Tapping Test, both Trail Making versions well brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were assessed at 3 different time points: before, immediately after 4 weeks intervention. Additionally, brain activation changes during working memory processing before

Results:

We found significantly improved immediate recall VLMT group intervention, trend × interaction considering all points. Furthermore, hippocampus processing, revealing remediated function group. Other measures did not reveal significant changes.

Limitations:

The modest sample size resulting from our exclusion low-compliant cases should be considered.

Conclusion:

Additional enhances verbal episodic affects neural mechanisms underlying impaired cognition MDD. present findings support importance MDD emphasize potential microbiota-related regimens treat

Clinical registration:

clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT02957591.

Язык: Английский

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