Designing healthier and more sustainable ultraprocessed foods

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 23(2)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Abstract The food industry has been extremely successful in creating a broad range of delicious, affordable, convenient, and safe beverage products. However, many these products are considered to be ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) that contain ingredients processed manner may cause adverse health effects. This review article introduces the concept UPFs briefly discusses fall into this category, including beverages, baked goods, snacks, confectionary, prepared meals, dressings, sauces, spreads, meat analogs. It then correlations between consumption levels diet‐related chronic diseases, such as obesity diabetes. different reasons for proposed ability increase risk diseases critically assessed, displacement whole foods, high energy densities, missing phytochemicals, contamination with packaging chemicals, hyperpalatability, harmful additives, rapid ingestion digestion, toxic reaction Then, potential strategies overcome current problems presented, reducing density, balancing nutritional profile, fortification, increasing satiety response, modulating mastication reengineering structure, precision processing. central argument is it possible reformulate reengineer improve their healthiness sustainability, although still needs proved using rigorous scientific studies.

Язык: Английский

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Trapped fat: Obesity pathogenesis as an intrinsic disorder in metabolic fuel partitioning

Obesity Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(10)

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2024

Summary Our understanding of the pathophysiology obesity remains at best incomplete despite a century research. During this time, two alternative perspectives have helped shape thinking about etiology disorder. The currently prevailing view holds that excessive fat accumulation results because energy intake exceeds expenditure, with food consumption being primary cause imbalance. other perspective attributes initiating to intrinsic metabolic defects shift fuel partitioning from pathways for mobilization and oxidation those synthesis storage. resulting reduction in trapping adipose tissue drives compensatory increase and, under some conditions, decrease expenditure. This theory pathogenesis has historically garnered relatively less attention its pedigree. Here, we present an updated comprehensive formulation theory, focused on evidence gathered over last 80 years major animal models showing redirection fluxes storage excess body equal or even than lean animals. aim is inform current discussions by so doing, help lay new foundations design more efficacious approaches research, treatment prevention.

Язык: Английский

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Morin attenuates high-fat diet induced inflammation and enhances the Akkermansiaceae richness in the gut of C57BL/6J mice

Food Bioscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 106153 - 106153

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Ketogenic Diets for Body Weight Loss: A Comparison with Other Diets

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(6), С. 965 - 965

Опубликована: Март 10, 2025

With the prevalence of obesity and overweight increasing at an alarming rate, more researchers are focused on identifying effective weight loss strategies. The ketogenic diet (KD), used as a treatment in epilepsy management for over 100 years, is additionally gaining popularity method. Although its efficacy well documented, areas where it may be beneficial to other dietary approaches need carefully examined. objective this paper identify potential benefits KD alternative strategies based comprehensive literature review. It has been shown that bioenergetically efficient than strategies, inter alia owing effect curtailing hunger, improving satiety decreasing appetite (influence hunger hormones sensation hunger), inducing faster initial (associated with lower glycogen levels reduced water retention), controlling glycaemia insulinemia (directly attributable low-carbohydrate nature indirectly described). These effects accompanied by improved insulin sensitivity, inflammation (through ketone bodies avoidance pro-inflammatory sugars), pharmacological control (the diet’s mechanisms similar those medication but without side effects), positive impacts psychological factors food addiction. Based authors’ review latest research, reasonable conclude that, due these many additional health benefits, advantageous diet-based This important hypothesis deserves further exploration, which could achieved including outcome measures future clinical trials, especially when comparing different diets equal caloric value.

Язык: Английский

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Moderating “the great debate”: The carbohydrate-insulin vs. the energy balance models of obesity

Cell Metabolism, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 35(5), С. 737 - 741

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Endocrine disruptors in plastics alter β-cell physiology and increase the risk of diabetes mellitus

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 324(6), С. E488 - E505

Опубликована: Май 3, 2023

Plastic pollution breaks a planetary boundary threatening wildlife and humans through its physical chemical effects. Of the latter, release of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has consequences on prevalence human diseases related to system. Bisphenols (BPs) phthalates are two groups EDCs commonly found in plastics that migrate into environment make low-dose exposure ubiquitous. Here we review epidemiological, animal, cellular studies linking BPs altered glucose regulation, with emphasis role pancreatic β-cells. Epidemiological indicate is associated diabetes mellitus. Studies animal models treatment doses within range decreases insulin sensitivity tolerance, induces dyslipidemia, modifies functional β-cell mass serum levels insulin, leptin, adiponectin. These reveal disruption physiology by plays key impairing homeostasis altering mechanisms used β-cells adapt metabolic stress such as chronic nutrient excess. at level demonstrate modify same biochemical pathways involved adaptation excess fuel. include changes biosynthesis secretion, electrical activity, expression genes, mitochondrial function. The data summarized here important risk factors for mellitus support global effort decrease plastic EDCs.

Язык: Английский

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Eating, diet, and nutrition for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 29(Suppl), С. S244 - S260

Опубликована: Дек. 15, 2022

Nutrition and dietary interventions are a central component in the pathophysiology, but also cornerstone management of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Summarizing our rapidly advancing understanding how diet influences metabolism focusing on specific effects liver, we provide comprehensive overview concepts to counteract increasing burden NAFLD. Specifically, emphasize importance calorie restriction independently macronutrient composition together adherence Mediterranean low added fructose processed meat that seems exert favorable beyond restriction. Also, discuss intermittent fasting as type specifically tailored decrease fat content increase ketogenesis, awaiting future study results Finally, personalized recommendations could be powerful tools effectiveness NAFLD considering genetic background microbiome, among others.

Язык: Английский

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Food insecurity as a cause of adiposity: evolutionary and mechanistic hypotheses

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 378(1888)

Опубликована: Сен. 4, 2023

Food insecurity (FI) is associated with obesity among women in high-income countries. This seemingly paradoxical association can be explained by the insurance hypothesis, which states that humans possess evolved mechanisms increase fat storage to buffer against energy shortfall when access food unpredictable. The evolutionary logic underlying hypothesis well established and experiments on animals confirm exposure unpredictable causes weight gain, but involved are less clear. Drawing data from other vertebrates, we review a suite of behavioural physiological could under FI. FI short-term hyperphagia, evidence it increased total intake lacking. Experiments suggest increases retained metabolizable reductions expenditure sufficient fuel gain absence intake. Reducing diverting somatic maintenance into stores should improve survival FI, trade-offs potentially include disease risk accelerated ageing. We conclude plausibly adiposity, poor health shorter lifespan. article part discussion meeting issue ‘Causes obesity: theories, conjectures (Part II)’.

Язык: Английский

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Diet composition and energy intake in humans

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 378(1888)

Опубликована: Сен. 4, 2023

Absolute energy from fats and carbohydrates the proportion of in food supply have increased over 50 years. Dietary density (ED) is primarily decreased by water fat content foods. Protein, exert different effects on satiety or intake (EI) order protein > fat. When ED foods equalized differences between are modest. Covertly increasing dietary with fat, carbohydrate mixed macronutrients elevates EI, producing weight gain vice versa. In more naturalistic situations where learning cues intact, there appears to be greater compensation for There considerable individual variability response. Macronutrient-specific negative feedback models EI regulation limited capacity explain how availability cheap, highly palatable, readily assimilated, energy-dense lead obesity modern environments. Neuropsychological constructs including reward (liking, wanting learning), reactive reflective decision making, context asymmetric balance regulation, give comprehensive explanations environmental superabundance containing mixtures assimilated caloric beverages elevate through combined hedonic, affective, cognitive physiological mechanisms. This article part a discussion meeting issue 'Causes obesity: theories, conjectures evidence (Part II)'.

Язык: Английский

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Hypercaloric low-carbohydrate high-fat diet protects against the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in obese mice in contrast to isocaloric Western diet

Frontiers in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11

Опубликована: Март 20, 2024

Objective Obesity and metabolic complications, such as type 2 diabetes nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are one of the greatest public health challenges 21st century. The major role high sugar carbohydrate consumption rather than caloric intake in obesity NAFLD pathophysiology remains a subject debate. A low-carbohydrate but high-fat diet (LCHFD) has shown promising results management, its effects preventing need to be detailed. This study aims compare LCHFD with high-sugar obesogenic Western (WD) on progression obesity, diabetes, disease. Methods Male C57BL/6J mice were initially fed WD for 10 weeks. Subsequently, they either switched or maintained an additional 6 Hepatic explored by histological staining RT-qPCR. Results After initial weeks feeding, LCHF demonstrated effectiveness halting weight gain, maintaining normal glucose tolerance insulin levels, comparison WD-fed mice, which developed intolerance, increased levels induced NAFLD. In liver, mitigated accumulation hepatic triglycerides increase Fasn relative gene expression compared mice. Beneficial occurred despite similar calorie Conclusion Our emphasize negative impact sugar/carbohydrate lipid association development. beneficial notably improving health.

Язык: Английский

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