Hepatincolaceae (Alphaproteobacteria) are Distinct From Holosporales and Independently Evolved to Associate With Ecdysozoa

Environmental Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 27(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT The Hepatincolaceae ( Alphaproteobacteria ) are a group of bacteria that inhabit the gut arthropods and other ecdysozoans, associating extracellularly with microvilli. Previous phylogenetic studies, primarily single‐gene analyses, suggested their relationship to Holosporales , which includes intracellular in protist hosts. However, genomics is still its early stages. In this study, number available genomes was increased examine evolutionary functional characteristics. It found previous grouping incorrect due sequence compositional biases form an independent branch within . This led reinterpretation features, proposing new scenario involves adaptation host association compared distinct specificities. exhibit greater nutritional flexibility, utilising various molecules thriving anaerobic conditions. they have less complex mechanism for modulating interactions, likely direct than those bacteria. addition, representatives show several lineage‐specific traits related differences species life

Язык: Английский

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Host association and intracellularity evolved multiple times independently in the Rickettsiales

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2024

The order Rickettsiales (Alphaproteobacteria) encompasses multiple diverse lineages of host-associated bacteria, including pathogens, reproductive manipulators, and mutualists. Here, in to understand how intracellularity host association originated this order, whether they are ancestral or convergently evolved characteristics, we built a large phylogenetically-balanced dataset that includes de novo sequenced genomes selection published genomic metagenomic assemblies. We perform detailed functional reconstructions clearly indicates "late" parallel evolution obligate host-association different lineages. According the depicted scenario, independent horizontal acquisitions transporters led progressive loss biosynthesis nucleotides, amino acids other metabolites, producing distinct conditions host-dependence. Each clade experienced pattern arsenal interaction apparatuses, development specialised effectors involved lineage-specific mechanisms cell adhesion and/or invasion.

Язык: Английский

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Microscopic marine invertebrates are reservoirs for cryptic and diverse protists and fungi

Microbiome, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2022

Microbial symbioses in marine invertebrates are commonplace. However, characterizations of invertebrate microbiomes vastly outnumbered by those vertebrates. Protists and fungi run the gamut symbiosis, yet eukaryotic microbiome sequencing is rarely undertaken, with much focus on bacteria. To explore importance microscopic as potential symbiont reservoirs, we used a phylogenetic-focused approach to analyze host-associated 220 animal specimens spanning nine different phyla.

Язык: Английский

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The Bacterial Microbiome of the Coral Skeleton Algal Symbiont Ostreobium Shows Preferential Associations and Signatures of Phylosymbiosis

Microbial Ecology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 86(3), С. 2032 - 2046

Опубликована: Март 31, 2023

Ostreobium, the major algal symbiont of coral skeleton, remains understudied despite extensive research on holobiont. The enclosed nature skeleton might reduce dispersal and exposure residing bacteria to outside environment, allowing stronger associations with algae. Here, we describe bacterial communities associated cultured strains 5 Ostreobium clades using 16S rRNA sequencing. We shed light their likely physical by comparative analysis three datasets generated capture (1) all algae bacteria, (2) enriched tightly attached potential intracellular (3) in spent media. Our data showed that while some may be loosely attached, tend or potentially intracellular. Although colonised diverse preferentially 34 taxa revealing a core microbiome. These include known nitrogen cyclers, polysaccharide degraders, sulphate reducers, antimicrobial compound producers, methylotrophs, vitamin B12 producers. By analysing co-occurrence networks from Porites lutea Paragoniastrea australensis samples, show Ostreobium-bacterial present cultures are also occur natural environment. Finally, our significant congruence between phylogeny community composition its microbiome, largely due phylosymbiotic signal originating taxa. This study offers insight into microbiome reveals preferential warrant further testing functional evolutionary perspectives.

Язык: Английский

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Evolutionary history influences the microbiomes of a female symbiotic reproductive organ in cephalopods

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2024

ABSTRACT Many female squids and cuttlefishes have a symbiotic reproductive organ called the accessory nidamental gland (ANG) that hosts bacterial consortium involved with egg defense against pathogens fouling organisms. While ANG is found in multiple cephalopod families, little known about global microbial diversity of these symbionts. We used 16S rRNA gene community analysis to characterize microbiome from different species assess relationship between host symbiont phylogenies. The 11 cephalopods four families (superorder: Decapodiformes) span seven geographic locations was characterized. Bacteria class Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria , Flavobacteriia were all species, yet amplicon sequence variants by distance metrics revealed significant difference microbiomes (weighted/unweighted UniFrac, Bray–Curtis, P = 0.001). Despite being collected widely disparate locations, members family Sepiolidae (bobtail squid) shared many taxa including (~50%) Opitutae (Verrucomicrobia) Ruegeria (Alphaproteobacteria) species. Furthermore, we tested for phylosymbiosis positive correlation phylogenetic dissimilarity (Mantel test r 0.7). These data suggest closely related sepiolids select distinct symbionts similar taxa. Overall, ANGs harbor thus offer diverse explore antimicrobial activity other functional roles fitness. IMPORTANCE aquatic organisms recruit environment provide variety functions, pathogens. Some (squids, bobtail squids, cuttlefish) contains protects eggs wide distribution cephalopods, whether they share unknown. Here, studied distributed over broad range representing 15–120 million years divergence. some taxa, but each had unique members. Additionally, host–symbiont phylogenies suggests evolutionary histories partners been important shaping microbiome. This study advances our knowledge cephalopod–bacteria relationships provides foundation defensive systems.

Язык: Английский

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The coupling relationship between marine industry agglomeration and ecological environment system from the perspective of ecological environment

Journal of Sea Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 198, С. 102485 - 102485

Опубликована: Март 7, 2024

To analyze the coupling relationship in marine industry agglomeration and ecological environment system, this study used formula of location entropy coefficient for measuring development status industry. Meanwhile, it also separately measures degree primary, secondary, tertiary industries ocean to reveal their region. In addition, a coupled correlation analysis model was designed. It uses grey relational relationships between data series situations insufficient data. Finally, coordination evaluation proposed. evaluates cluster by calculating capacity coefficient, degree, co scheduling. The results show that from 2013 2022, trend Jiaodong Peninsula Province has undergone different changes. primary increased 1.3047 1.0987, while secondary gradually 0.2486 1.1141. R system 0.3986 0.6253. From 2018 increased, moving towards stability coordination. This indicates over past decade, placed greater emphasis on protection, formed positive interaction, promoting coordinated development.

Язык: Английский

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Pinpointing the microbiota of tardigrades: What is really there?

Environmental Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 26(6)

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

Abstract Microbiota are considered significant in the biology of tardigrades, yet their diversity and distribution remain largely unexplored. This is partly due to methodological challenges associated with studying microbiota small organisms that inhabit microbe‐rich environments. In our study, we characterized 31 species cultured tardigrades using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. We employed various sample preparation strategies multiple types controls estimated number microbes samples synthetic DNA spike‐ins. also reanalysed data from previous tardigrade microbiome studies. Our findings suggest microbial communities predominantly composed bacterial genotypes originating food, medium, or reagents. Despite numerous experiments, found it challenging identify strains were enriched certain which would have indicated likely symbiotic associations. Putative tardigrade‐associated rarely constituted more than 20% datasets, although some matched symbionts identified other uncovered serious contamination issues studies, casting doubt on conclusions. concluded not universally dependent specialized microbes. work underscores need for rigorous safeguards studies microscopic serves as a cautionary tale involving low abundance.

Язык: Английский

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Habitat and Feeding Behaviour Influence Microbiome Composition in Rhabdocoela (‘Turbellaria’)

Freshwater Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 70(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT 1. Microbiome studies in Platyhelminthes have predominantly focused on a limited number of taxa, overlooking the vast diversity turbellarian hosts. Here, we aimed to expand our understanding microbial associations selection free‐living representatives Rhabdocoela, group flatworms that is very species rich and ecologically diverse. 2. Using 16S rRNA sequencing, characterised microbiomes three representing two most speciose lineages within this taxon: Dalytyphloplanida Kalyptorhynchia. The specimens were captured wild obtained from marine or freshwater habitats. 3. Gyratrix hermaphroditus (Kalyptorhynchia) Mesostoma ehrenbergii (Dalytyphloplanida) both dominated by Proteobacteria, while Phaenocora evelinae was associated with Cyanobacteria, more specifically Oxyphytobacteria (chloroplasts). 4. Based observed genera, analysis revealed distinct patterns, possibly habitat lifestyle studied species. We could not exclude presence phylosymbiotic signal as core microbiome present for each rhabdocoel species, although no set bacteria common all found. 5. This explorative study contributes expanding knowledge invertebrate microbiomes, providing new insights into turbellarians. descriptive results presented here open up several promising avenues future research, including search functional roles bacterial symbionts exploring potential correlations between compositions, phylogeny environmental variables.

Язык: Английский

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Host specificity of gut microbiota associated with social bees: patterns and processes

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 20, 2025

SUMMARYGut microbes provide benefits to some animals, but their distribution and effects across diverse hosts are still poorly described. There is accumulating evidence for host specificity (i.e., a pattern where different tend associate with distinct lineages), the causes consequences of this unclear. Combining experimental tests in laboratory broad surveys wild promising approach gaining comprehensive mechanistic understanding prevalence, origin, importance. Social bees represent an ideal testbed endeavor because they phylogenetically functionally diverse, host-specific, stable, tractable gut microbiota. Furthermore, western honeybee (Apis mellifera) emerging model system studying microbiota-host interactions. In review, we summarize data on prevalence strength social bee microbiota (bumblebees, stingless bees, honeybees), as well potential proven ecological molecular mechanisms that maintain specificity. Overall, found relatively strong likely results from several processes, including filtering mediated by immune priority effects. However, more research needed multiple species confirm these findings. To help future research, hypotheses field propose comparative tests. Finally, conclude review highlighting need understand how can influence health.

Язык: Английский

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Variable phylosymbiosis and cophylogeny patterns in wild fish gut microbiota of a large subtropical river

mSphere, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 28, 2025

ABSTRACT The persistence and specificity of fish host-microbial interaction during evolution is an important part exploring the symbiosis mechanism. However, it remains unclear how environmental host factors shape host-microbe symbiotic relationships in subtropical rivers with complex natural environments. Freshwater are consumers lakes considered keystone species maintaining stability food webs there. In this study, patterns mechanisms shaping gut microbiota community 42 from Pearl River, zone China, were investigated. results showed that a key driver diversification. Different taxonomic levels different degrees contribution to variation. Geographical location habitat type next most across fishes, followed by diet trait. Our emphasized stochastic processes (drift homogenizing dispersal) microbial assembly freshwater fishes middle lower reaches River. Phylosymbiosis evident at both global local levels, which jointly shaped including ecological or physiological filtration evolutionary processes. core co-evolutionary varying groups. We speculate genetic isolation variation facilitates heterogeneous selection (deterministic process), occurs host-core bacterium specificity. IMPORTANCE regarded as dominant lakes. Due their diverse feeding modes, significantly enhance trophic link nutrient recycling/retention aquatic habitats. For this, they often A significant nutrition essentially mediated microbiota, can tolerance fluctuations external resources improve efficiency nutrients extracted various sources. As bacterial symbionts have profound impact on development hosts, well overall fitness, critical answer question hosts maintain these benefits procuring inheriting vital symbionts, still largely unanswered, especially for fish. study provides new insights into relationship between wild microbiome, hidden diversity adaptation potential

Язык: Английский

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