Abstract
Almost
all
physiological
processes
of
animals
are
controlled
by
the
brain,
including
language,
cognitive,
memory,
learning,
emotion
and
so
forth.
Minor
brain
dysfunction
usually
leads
to
diseases
disorders.
Therefore,
it'
is
greatly
meaningful
urgent
for
scientists
have
a
better
understanding
structure
function.
Optical
approaches
can
provide
powerful
tools
imaging
modulating
brain.
In
particular,
optical
in
near‐infrared
(NIR)
window
(700–1700
nm)
exhibit
excellent
prosperities
deep
tissue
penetration
low
scattering
absorption
compared
with
those
visible
windows
(400–700
nm),
which
provides
promising
approach
develop
desired
methods
neuroimaging
neuromodulation
tissues.
this
review,
variable
types
NIR
light
neural
ions,
membrane
potential,
neurotransmitters,
other
critical
molecules
functions
summarized.
latest
breakthrough
research
regulation
NIR‐II
(1000–1700
highlighted.
Finally,
we
conclude
challenges
prospects
light‐based
both
basic
further
clinical
translation.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
116(52), С. 26332 - 26342
Опубликована: Дек. 6, 2019
Optogenetics,
which
uses
visible
light
to
control
the
cells
genetically
modified
with
light-gated
ion
channels,
is
a
powerful
tool
for
precise
deconstruction
of
neural
circuitry
neuron-subtype
specificity.
However,
due
limited
tissue
penetration
light,
invasive
craniotomy
and
intracranial
implantation
tethered
optical
fibers
are
usually
required
in
vivo
optogenetic
modulation.
Here
we
report
mechanoluminescent
nanoparticles
that
can
act
as
local
sources
brain
when
triggered
by
brain-penetrant
focused
ultrasound
(FUS)
through
intact
scalp
skull.
Mechanoluminescent
be
delivered
into
blood
circulation
via
i.v.
injection,
recharged
400-nm
photoexcitation
superficial
vessels
during
circulation,
turned
on
FUS
emit
470-nm
repetitively
stimulation.
Unlike
conventional
"outside-in"
approaches
optogenetics
fiber
implantation,
our
method
provides
an
"inside-out"
approach
deliver
nanoscopic
emitters
intrinsic
circulatory
system
switch
them
off
at
any
time
location
interest
without
extravasation
minimally
interface.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
32(22)
Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2022
Abstract
Neuromorphic
circuits
emulating
the
bio‐brain
functionality
via
artificial
devices
have
achieved
a
substantial
scientific
leap
in
past
decade.
However,
even
with
advent
of
highly
advanced
bio‐inspired
algorithms,
intelligence
based
on
current
neuromorphic
is
lagging
behind
significantly
when
compared
naturally
evolved
biological
neural
circuits.
This
massive
and
intriguing
discrepancy
partly
due
to
incomprehensive
understanding
operating
mechanism,
which
relies
heavily
extremely
complexed
entangled
3D
hierarchical
networks.
Configuring
hardware
combined
computing
memory
functionalities,
coupled
compatible
progress
software
can
be
an
inevitable
route
surmount
limitation
encountered
by
2D
Herein,
referring
neuron
configuration
perspective
together
detailed
signal
generation
propagation
von
Neumann
state‐of‐the‐art
in‐memory
architecture,
development
perspectives
are
highlighted.
Bioengineering
approaches
that
combine
living
cellular
components
with
three-dimensional
scaffolds
to
generate
motion
can
be
used
develop
a
new
generation
of
miniature
robots.
Integrating
on-board
electronics
and
remote
control
in
these
biological
machines
will
enable
various
applications
across
engineering,
biology,
medicine.
Here,
we
present
hybrid
bioelectronic
robots
equipped
battery-free
microinorganic
light-emitting
diodes
for
wireless
real-time
communication.
Centimeter-scale
walking
were
computationally
designed
optimized
host
optoelectronics
independent
stimulation
multiple
optogenetic
skeletal
muscles,
achieving
command
walking,
turning,
plowing,
transport
functions
both
at
individual
collective
levels.
This
work
paves
the
way
toward
class
biohybrid
able
actuation
sensing
computing.
ACS Nano,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
17(6), С. 5435 - 5447
Опубликована: Март 16, 2023
Postsurgical
treatment
of
glioblastoma
multiforme
(GBM)
by
systemic
chemotherapy
and
radiotherapy
is
often
inefficient.
Tumor
cells
infiltrating
deeply
into
the
brain
parenchyma
are
significant
obstacles
to
eradication
GBM.
Here,
we
present
a
potential
solution
this
challenge
introducing
an
injectable
thermoresponsive
hydrogel
nanocomposite.
As
liquid
that
contains
drug-loaded
micelles
water-dispersible
ferrimagnetic
iron
oxide
nanocubes
(wFIONs),
nanocomposite
injected
resected
tumor
site
after
surgery.
It
promptly
gelates
at
body
temperature
serve
as
soft,
deep
intracortical
drug
reservoir.
The
target
residual
GBM
deliver
drugs
with
minimum
premature
release.
Alternating
magnetic
fields
accelerate
diffusion
through
heat
generation
from
wFIONs,
enabling
penetrative
delivery.
Significantly
suppressed
growth
improved
survival
rates
demonstrated
in
orthotopic
mouse
model.
Our
system
proves
platform
for
postsurgical
treatment.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
33(32)
Опубликована: Июнь 8, 2023
Abstract
The
desirable
implantable
neural
interfaces
can
accurately
record
bioelectrical
signals
from
neurons
and
regulate
activities
with
high
spatial/time
resolution,
facilitating
the
understanding
of
neuronal
functions
dynamics.
However,
electrochemical
performance
(impedance,
charge
storage/injection
capacity)
is
limited
miniaturization
integration
electrodes.
“crosstalk”
caused
by
uneven
distribution
elctric
field
leads
to
lower
electrical
stimulation/recording
efficiency.
mismatch
between
stiff
electrodes
soft
tissues
exacerbates
inflammatory
responses,
thus
weakening
transmission
signals.
Though
remarkable
breakthroughs
have
been
made
through
incorporation
optimizing
electrode
design
functionalized
nanomaterials,
chronic
stability,
long‐term
activity
in
vivo
still
need
further
development.
In
this
review,
interface
challenges
mainly
on
electrochemistry
biology
are
discussed,
followed
summarizing
typical
optimization
technologies
exploring
recent
advances
application
based
traditional
metallic
materials,
emerging
2D
conducting
polymer
hydrogels,
etc.,
for
enhancing
interfaces.
strategies
improving
durability
including
enhanced
adhesion
minimized
response,
also
summarized.
promising
directions
finally
presented
provide
enlightenment
high‐performance
future,
which
will
promote
profound
progress
neuroscience
research.
Abstract
Neural
interfaces,
emerging
at
the
intersection
of
neurotechnology
and
urban
planning,
promise
to
transform
how
we
interact
with
our
surroundings
communicate.
By
recording
decoding
neural
signals,
these
interfaces
facilitate
direct
connections
between
brain
external
devices,
enabling
seamless
information
exchange
shared
experiences.
Nevertheless,
their
development
is
challenged
by
complexities
in
materials
science,
electrochemistry,
algorithmic
design.
Electrophysiological
crosstalk
mismatch
electrode
rigidity
tissue
flexibility
further
complicate
signal
fidelity
biocompatibility.
Recent
closed‐loop
brain‐computer
while
promising
for
mood
regulation
cognitive
enhancement,
are
limited
accuracy
adaptability
user
interfaces.
This
perspective
outlines
challenges
discusses
progress
contrasting
non‐invasive
invasive
approaches,
explores
dynamics
stimulation
interfacing.
Emphasis
placed
on
applications
beyond
healthcare,
highlighting
need
implantable
high‐resolution
capabilities.
