Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Based Nanomedicine

Chemical Reviews, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 119(8), С. 4881 - 4985

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2019

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an essential role in regulating various physiological functions of living organisms. The intrinsic biochemical properties ROS, which underlie the mechanisms necessary for growth, fitness, or aging organisms, have been driving researchers to take full advantage these active chemical contributing medical advances. Thanks remarkable advances nanotechnology, great varieties nanomaterials with unique ROS-regulating explored guide temporospatial dynamic behaviors ROS biological milieu, contributes emergence a new-generation therapeutic methodology, i.e., nanomaterial-guided vivo evolution therapy. interdependent relationship between and their corresponding chemistry, biology, nanotherapy leads us propose concept "ROS science", is believed be emerging scientific discipline that studies mechanisms, effects, nanotherapeutic applications ROS. In this review, state-of-art concerning recent progresses on ROS-based nanotherapies summarized detail, emphasis underlying material chemistry by are generated scavenged improved outcomes. Furthermore, key issues cross-disciplinary fields also discussed, aiming unlock innate powers optimized efficacies. We expect our demonstration evolving field will beneficial further development fundamental researches clinical applications.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanisms underlying the activation of TERT transcription and telomerase activity in human cancer: old actors and new players

Oncogene, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 38(34), С. 6172 - 6183

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2019

Abstract Long-lived species Homo sapiens have evolved robust protection mechanisms against cancer by repressing telomerase and maintaining short telomeres, thereby delaying the onset of majority types until post-reproductive age. Indeed, is silent in most differentiated human cells, predominantly due to transcriptional repression its catalytic component reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene. The lack telomerase/TERT expression leads progressive telomere erosion dividing whereas critically shortened length induces a permanent growth arrest stage named replicative senescence. TERT/telomerase activation has been experimentally shown be essential cellular immortalization malignant transformation stabilizing erasing senescence barrier. Consistently, TERT expression/telomerase activity detectable up 90% primary cancers. Compelling evidence also accumulated that contributes development progression via multiple activities beyond canonical telomere-lengthening function. Given these key roles oncogenesis, great efforts made decipher underlying induction. In last two decades since gene promoter were cloned, derepression achieved typically at level through dysregulation oncogenic factors or signaling, post-transcriptional/translational regulation genomic amplification. However, advances high-throughput next-generation sequencing technologies prompted revolution genomics, which recent discovery alterations take center activating this review article, we summarize critical transcription, with special emphases on contribution mutations structural locus, briefly discuss implications events-driven hyperactivity initiation/progression potential clinical applications as well.

Язык: Английский

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Clinical Development of Metal Complexes as Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 61(5)

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2021

Cancer has emerged over the last decades as one of deadliest diseases in world. Among most commonly used techniques (i.e. surgery, immunotherapy, radiotherapy or chemotherapy), increasing attention been devoted towards photodynamic therapy. However, vast majority clinically applied photosensitizers are not ideal and associated with several limitations including poor aqueous solubility, photostability slow clearance from body, causing photosensitivity. In an effort to overcome these drawbacks, much incorporation a metal ion. Herein, clinical development metal-containing compounds Purlytin

Язык: Английский

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The role of retrotransposable elements in ageing and age-associated diseases

Nature, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 596(7870), С. 43 - 53

Опубликована: Авг. 4, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Regulation of cGAS- and RLR-mediated immunity to nucleic acids

Nature Immunology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 21(1), С. 17 - 29

Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Biomaterials and engineered microenvironments to control YAP/TAZ-dependent cell behaviour

Nature Materials, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 17(12), С. 1063 - 1075

Опубликована: Окт. 23, 2018

Язык: Английский

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The Genetics of Aging: A Vertebrate Perspective

Cell, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 177(1), С. 200 - 220

Опубликована: Март 1, 2019

Язык: Английский

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The influence of evolutionary history on human health and disease

Nature Reviews Genetics, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(5), С. 269 - 283

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Cancer and Aging: Two Tightly Interconnected Biological Processes

Cancers, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 13(6), С. 1400 - 1400

Опубликована: Март 19, 2021

Age is one of the main risk factors cancer; several biological changes linked with aging process can explain this. As our population progressively aging, proportion older patients cancer increasing significantly. Due to heterogeneity general health and functional status amongst persons, treatment a major challenge in this vulnerable population. Older often experience more side effects anticancer treatments. Over-treatment should be avoided ensure an optimal quality life. On other hand, under-treatment due fear toxicity frequent problem lead increased relapse worse survival. There delicate balance between benefits therapy toxicity. Robust biomarkers that reflect body’s age may aid outlining individual regimens for cancer. In particular, impact on systemic immunity tumor immune infiltrate considered, given expanding role immunotherapy treatment. review, we summarize current knowledge concerning mechanistic connections cancer, as well could helpful field geriatric oncology.

Язык: Английский

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Cancer risk across mammals

Nature, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 601(7892), С. 263 - 267

Опубликована: Дек. 22, 2021

Abstract Cancer is a ubiquitous disease of metazoans, predicted to disproportionately affect larger, long-lived organisms owing their greater number cell divisions, and thus increased probability somatic mutations 1,2 . While elevated cancer risk with larger body size and/or longevity has been documented within species 3–5 , Peto’s paradox indicates the apparent lack such an association among taxa 6 Yet, unequivocal empirical evidence for lacking, stemming from difficulty estimating in non-model species. Here we build analyse database on cancer-related mortality using data adult zoo mammals (110,148 individuals, 191 species) map age-controlled mammalian tree life. We demonstrate universality high frequency oncogenic phenomena reveal substantial differences across major orders. show that phylogenetic distribution associated diet, carnivorous (especially mammal-consuming ones) facing highest mortality. Moreover, provide components by showing largely independent both mass life expectancy These results highlight key role life-history evolution shaping resistance advancements quest natural anticancer defences.

Язык: Английский

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