Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2023
Different
strategies
based
on
peptides
are
available
for
cancer
treatment,
in
particular
to
counter-act
the
progression
of
tumor
growth
and
disease
relapse.
In
last
decade,
context
therapeutic
against
cancer,
peptide-based
vaccines
have
been
evaluated
different
models.
The
selected
vaccine
development
can
be
classified
two
main
type:
tumor-associated
antigens
(TAAs)
tumor-specific
(TSAs),
which
captured,
internalized,
processed
presented
by
antigen-presenting
cells
(APCs)
cell-mediated
immunity.
Peptides
loaded
onto
MHC
class
I
recognized
a
specific
TCR
CD8+
T
cells,
activated
exert
their
cytotoxic
activity
presenting
same
peptide-MHC-I
complex.
This
process
is
defined
as
active
immunotherapy
host’s
immune
system
either
de
novo
or
restimulated
mount
an
effective,
reaction
that
may
ultimately
lead
tu-mor
regression.
However,
while
preclinical
data
frequently
shown
encouraging
results,
clinical
trials,
including
those
not
provided
satisfactory
date.
limited
efficacy
consequence
several
factors,
identification
target
antigens,
immunogenicity
highly
immunosuppressive
microenvironment
(TME).
An
effective
developed
only
addressing
all
such
aspects.
present
review
describes
state
art
each
factors.
T
cell
engineering
has
changed
the
landscape
of
cancer
immunotherapy.
Chimeric
antigen
receptor
cells
have
demonstrated
a
remarkable
efficacy
in
treatment
B
malignancies
hematology.
However,
their
clinical
impact
on
solid
tumors
been
modest
so
far.
expressing
an
engineered
(TCR-T
cells)
represent
promising
therapeutic
alternative.
The
target
repertoire
is
not
limited
to
membrane
proteins,
and
intrinsic
features
TCRs
such
as
high
sensitivity
near-to-physiological
signaling
may
improve
tumor
detection
killing
while
improving
persistence.
In
this
review,
we
present
results
obtained
with
TCR-T
targeting
different
families.
We
detail
methods
that
developed
identify
optimize
TCR
candidate.
also
discuss
challenges
therapies,
including
toxicity
assessment
resistance
mechanisms.
Last,
share
some
perspectives
highlight
future
directions
field.
Annual Review of Immunology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
40(1), С. 169 - 193
Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2022
The
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
is
a
heterogeneous,
complex
organization
composed
of
tumor,
stroma,
and
endothelial
cells
that
characterized
by
cross
talk
between
innate
adaptive
immune
cells.
Over
the
last
decade,
it
has
become
increasingly
clear
in
TME
play
critical
role
controlling
or
promoting
growth.
function
T
lymphocytes
this
process
been
well
characterized.
On
other
hand,
B
less
clear,
although
recent
data
from
our
group
others
have
strongly
indicated
for
antitumor
immunity.
There
are,
however,
multitude
populations
found
within
TME,
ranging
naive
all
way
to
terminally
differentiated
plasma
memory
Here,
we
characterize
both
animal
models
patients,
with
an
emphasis
on
dissecting
how
cell
heterogeneity
contributes
response
cancer.
Neoantigens
are
newly
formed
peptides
created
from
somatic
mutations
that
capable
of
inducing
tumor-specific
T
cell
recognition.
Recently,
researchers
and
clinicians
have
leveraged
next
generation
sequencing
technologies
to
identify
neoantigens
create
personalized
immunotherapies
for
cancer
treatment.
To
a
vaccine,
must
be
computationally
predicted
matched
tumor-normal
data,
then
ranked
according
their
capability
in
stimulating
response.
This
candidate
neoantigen
prediction
process
involves
multiple
steps,
including
mutation
identification,
HLA
typing,
peptide
processing,
peptide-MHC
binding
prediction.
The
general
workflow
has
been
utilized
many
preclinical
clinical
trials,
but
there
is
no
current
consensus
approach
few
established
best
practices.
In
this
article,
we
review
recent
discoveries,
summarize
the
available
computational
tools,
provide
analysis
considerations
each
step,
prediction,
prioritization,
delivery,
validation
methods.
addition
reviewing
state
analysis,
practical
guidance,
specific
recommendations,
extensive
discussion
critical
concepts
points
confusion
practice
characterization
use.
Finally,
outline
necessary
areas
development,
need
improve
class
II
typing
accuracy,
expand
software
support
diverse
sources,
incorporate
response
data
algorithms.
ultimate
goal
workflows
vaccines
patient
outcomes
types.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
9(1)
Опубликована: Июль 17, 2024
Traditional
therapeutic
approaches
such
as
chemotherapy
and
radiation
therapy
have
burdened
cancer
patients
with
onerous
physical
psychological
challenges.
Encouragingly,
the
landscape
of
tumor
treatment
has
undergone
a
comprehensive
remarkable
transformation.
Emerging
fervently
pursued
modalities
are
small
molecule
targeted
agents,
antibody-drug
conjugates
(ADCs),
cell-based
therapies,
gene
therapy.
These
cutting-edge
not
only
afford
personalized
precise
targeting,
but
also
provide
enhanced
comfort
potential
to
impede
disease
progression.
Nonetheless,
it
is
acknowledged
that
these
strategies
still
harbour
untapped
for
further
advancement.
Gaining
understanding
merits
limitations
holds
promise
offering
novel
perspectives
clinical
practice
foundational
research
endeavours.
In
this
review,
we
discussed
different
modalities,
including
drugs,
peptide
antibody
cell
therapy,
It
will
detailed
explanation
each
method,
addressing
their
status
development,
challenges,
solutions.
The
aim
assist
clinicians
researchers
in
gaining
deeper
diverse
options,
enabling
them
carry
out
effective
advance
more
efficiently.
