Human Reproduction Open,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
2024(2)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The
widespread
interest
in
male
reproductive
health
(MRH),
fueled
by
emerging
evidence,
such
as
the
global
decline
sperm
counts,
has
intensified
concerns
about
status
of
MRH.
Consequently,
there
is
a
pressing
requirement
for
strategic,
systematic
approach
to
identifying
critical
questions,
collecting
pertinent
information,
and
utilizing
these
data
develop
evidence-based
strategies.
methods
addressing
questions
pathways
toward
their
answers
will
inevitably
vary
based
on
variations
cultural,
geopolitical,
health-related
contexts.
To
address
issues,
conjoint
ESHRE
Male
Reproductive
Health
Initiative
(MRHI)
Campus
workshop
was
convened.
OBJECTIVE
AND
RATIONALE
three
objectives
were:
first,
assess
current
state
MRH
around
world;
second,
identify
some
key
gaps
knowledge;
and,
third,
examine
how
stakeholders
can
collaboratively
generate
intelligent
effective
paths
forward.
SEARCH
METHODS
Each
expert
reviewed
summarized
literature
that
subsequently
used
provide
comprehensive
overview
challenges
related
OUTCOMES
This
narrative
report
an
data,
opinions,
arguments
presented
during
workshop.
A
number
outcomes
are
be
following
overarching
themes:
serious
issue
plethora
our
understanding;
need
international
collaborative
networks
undertake
multidisciplinary
research
into
fundamental
lifestyle/environmental
exposure
studies,
high-quality
clinical
trials;
urgent
strategies
educate
young
people
general
public
safeguard
improve
across
diverse
population
demographics
resources.
LIMITATIONS,
REASONS
FOR
CAUTION
where
worldwide
leading
experts
from
wide
range
disciplines
discussed
evidence
regarding
While
each
placed
it
context,
areas
limited
and/or
sparse.
Equally,
important
consideration
may
have
been
missed.
Moreover,
clear
knowledge
base,
which
makes
conclusions
necessarily
speculative
warranting
further
study.
WIDER
IMPLICATIONS
Poor
suffers
low
awareness
among
public,
patients,
heathcare
professionals.
Addressing
this
require
coordinated
approach.
significant
policy
makers
prioritizing
its
funding.
STUDY
FUNDING/COMPETING
INTEREST(S)
authors
would
like
extend
gratitude
providing
financial
support
Budapest
Workshop,
well
Microptic
S.L.
(Barcelona)
kindly
sponsoring
P.B.
Director
not-for-profit
organization
Global
Action
Men’s
receives
fees
expenses
his
work,
(which
includes
preparation
manuscript).
Conflicts
interest:
C.J.D.J.,
C.L.R.B.,
R.A.A.,
P.B.,
M.P.C.,
M.L.E.,
N.G.,
N.J.,
C.K.,
AAP,
M.K.O.,
S.R.-H.,
M.H.V.-L.:
Workshop
2022
(Travel
support—personal).
C.J.D.J.:
Cambridge
University
Press
(book
royalties—personal).
Annual
Meeting
Yale
Panel
2023
C.L.R.B.:
Ferring
IBSA
(Lecture),
RBMO
editor
(Honorarium
travel,
etc.),
ExSeed
ExScentia
(University
Dundee),
Bill
&
Melinda
Gates
Foundation
(for
contraception).
M.P.C.:
Previously
received
funding
pharmaceutical
companies
economic
research.
not
relation
work
had
no
bearing
contents
work.
No
other
sources
provided
(funding
company
Market
Access
Solutions).
M.L.E.:
Advisor
Ro,
Doveras,
Next,
Hannah,
Sandstone.
C.K.:
European
Academy
Andrology
(Past
president
UNPAID),
S.K.:
CEO
His
Turn,
fertility
Diagnostic
Therapeutic
(No
payments
or
profits
date).
R.I.M.:
www.healthymale.org.au
(Australian
Government
funded
profit
men’s
sector
(Employed
Medical
0.2
FET),
Monash
IVF
Pty
Ltd
(Equity
holder)).
N.J.:
Merck
(consulting
fees),
Gedeon
Richter
(honoraria).
S.R.-H.:
reimbursements).
C.N.:
LLC
(Nursing
educator);
COMMIT
(Core
Outcomes
Measures
Infertility
Trials)
Advisor,
meeting
attendee,
co-author;
COMMA
Menopause)
International
Federation
Gynecology
Obstetrics
(FIGO)
Delegate
Letters
Sciences;
ReproNovo,
Advisory
board;
American
Board
Urology
Examiner;
Urological
Association
Journal
subsection
editor,
committee
member,
guidelines
co-author
Scientific
trial
NexHand
Chief
Technology
Officer,
stock
ownership
Posterity
ownership.
A.P.:
Economic
Social
Research
Council
(A
collaborator
grant
ES/W001381/1).
Member
advisory
Serono
(November
2022),
board
Exceed
Health,
Speaker
educational
events
organized
Mealis
Group;
Chairman
Cryos
External
Committee:
All
associated
with
paid
former
employer
Sheffield.
Trustee
Progress
Educational
Trust
(Unpaid).
M.K.O.:
National
Australian
(Funding
topic
fertility),
aimed
at
development
gamete-based
contraception),
Future
Fund
defining
long-term
consequences
infertility).
Department
Sexual
(SRH)/Human
Reproduction
Programme
(HRP)
Project
RP2/WHO
Review
Member;
MRHI
Group
Member),
(member),
EGOI
(Member);
Human
(Associate
Editor),
Fertility
Sterility
(Editor),
AndroLATAM
(Founder
Coordinator).
Cell
memory
refers
to
the
capacity
of
cells
maintain
their
gene
expression
program
once
initiating
environmental
signal
has
ceased.
This
exceptional
feature
is
key
during
formation
mammalian
organisms,
and
it
believed
be
in
part
mediated
by
epigenetic
factors
that
can
endorse
with
landmarks
required
transcriptional
programs
upon
cell
duplication.
Here,
we
review
current
literature
analyzing
molecular
basis
mammals,
a
focus
on
mechanisms
which
transcriptionally
repressive
chromatin
modifications
such
as
methylation
DNA
histone
H3
are
propagated
through
mitotic
divisions.
The
emerging
picture
suggests
cellular
supported
an
cycle
reversible
activities
carried
out
regulators
coordination
transition
create
multiphasic
system
accommodate
both
maintenance
identity
differentiation
proliferating
stem
populations.
Physiological Reviews,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
104(3), С. 1409 - 1459
Опубликована: Март 22, 2024
The
collective
efforts
of
scientists
over
multiple
decades
have
led
to
advancements
in
molecular
and
cellular
biology-based
technologies
including
genetic
engineering
animal
cloning
that
are
now
being
harnessed
enhance
the
suitability
pig
organs
for
xenotransplantation
into
humans.
Using
sourced
from
pigs
with
gene
deletions
human
transgene
insertions,
investigators
overcome
formidable
immunological
physiological
barriers
pig-to-nonhuman
primate
(NHP)
achieved
prolonged
xenograft
survival.
These
studies
informed
design
Revivicor’s
(Revivicor
Inc,
Blacksburg,
VA)
genetically
engineered
10
modifications
(10
GE)
(including
inactivation
4
endogenous
porcine
genes
insertion
6
transgenes),
whose
hearts
kidneys
been
studied
preclinical
models
brain-dead
recipients.
Additionally,
first
two
clinical
cases
pig-to-human
heart
were
recently
performed
this
GE
at
University
Maryland.
Although
review
focuses
on
kidneys,
organs,
tissues,
cell
types
will
provide
much-needed
therapeutic
interventions
future.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
26(1), С. 383 - 383
Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2025
From
fertilisation
to
delivery,
calcium
must
be
transported
into
and
within
the
foetoplacental
unit
for
intracellular
signalling.
This
requires
very
rapid,
precisely
located
Ca2+
transfers.
In
addition,
from
around
eighth
week
of
gestation,
increasing
amounts
routed
directly
maternal
blood
foetus
bone
mineralisation
through
a
flow-through
system,
which
does
not
impact
concentration.
These
different
processes
are
mediated
by
numerous
membrane-sited
channels,
transporters,
exchangers.
Understanding
mechanisms
is
essential
direct
interventions
optimise
foetal
development
postnatal
health
protect
mother
pre-eclampsia.
Ethical
issues
limit
availability
human
tissue
study.
Our
insight
placental
handling
advancing
rapidly,
enabled
developing
genetic,
analytical,
computer
technology.
Because
their
diverse
sources,
reports
new
findings
scattered.
review
aims
pull
data
together
highlight
areas
uncertainty.
Areas
needing
clarification
include
trafficking,
membrane
expression,
recycling
channels
transporters
in
microvilli;
metabolism
vitamin
D
gestational
diabetes
pre-eclampsia;
vascular
effects
increased
endothelial
Orai
expression
pregnancy-specific
beta-1-glycoproteins
PSG1
PSG9.
Cancers,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(2), С. 203 - 203
Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025
Exposure
to
radiation
and
chemicals,
oncogenic
viruses,
microbiomes,
inflammation
are
the
major
events
of
cancer
initiation.
DNA
damage
chromosomal
aberrations
classically
considered
main
causes
cancer.
The
recent
idea
epigenetics
is
broadening
concept,
including
suggestion
that
virus
infection
disrupts
various
intracellular
signaling
cascades.
Chronic
was
proposed
as
origin
in
19th
century,
molecular
level
has
been
made
clear
with
scientific
development.
Much
knowledge
initiation
become
available
for
integration
into
research.
Simultaneously,
presence
stem
cells
identified
characterized.
However,
point
shift
from
normal
malignant
still
appears
obscure
even
when
taking
consideration.
From
these
points
view,
advent
briefly
discussed
this
paper.
Current Environmental Health Reports,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025
Abstract
Purpose
of
Review
The
burgeoning
field
environmental
epigenetics
has
revealed
the
malleability
epigenome
and
uncovered
numerous
instances
its
sensitivity
to
influences;
however,
pinpointing
specific
mechanisms
that
tie
together
triggers,
epigenetic
pathways,
organismal
responses
proven
difficult.
This
article
describes
how
Caenorhabditis
elegans
can
fill
this
gap,
serving
as
a
useful
model
for
discovery
molecular
are
conserved
in
humans.
Recent
Findings
results
show
stressors
such
methylmercury,
arsenite,
starvation,
heat,
bacterial
infection,
mitochondrial
inhibitors
all
have
profound
effects
on
epigenome,
with
some
insults
showing
multiple
generations.
In
cases,
pathways
connecting
stressor
been
elucidated.
For
example,
small
RNA
from
pathogen
Pseudomonas
aeruginosa
induces
transgenerational
learned
avoidance
by
activating
interference
PIWI-interacting
across
generations
downregulate,
via
Cer1
retrotransposon
particles
histone
methylation,
maco-1,
gene
functions
sensory
neurons
regulate
chemotaxis.
Mitochondrial
seem
effect
both
DNA
methylation
mark
6mA
may
act
within
(mtDNA)
stress
response
genes.
Transgenerational
transcriptional
alcohol
also
worked
out
at
single-nucleus
resolution
C.
,
demonstrating
utility
when
combined
modern
sequencing
technologies.
Summary
These
recent
studies
highlight
serve
bridge
between
biochemical
vitro
experiments
more
associative
findings
epidemiological
humans
unveil
possible
influence
epigenome.
nematode
is
particularly
well-suited
thanks
rapid
generation
time
ability
self-fertilize.
connections
various
mechanisms,
so
take
advantage
advancements
technologies,
including
single-cell
techniques,
gain
unprecedented
whole
development
will
be
critical.
Research Square (Research Square),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2025
Background
Environmental
stressors
can
induce
heritable
traits
in
organisms
across
phyla,
with
distinct
epigenetic
alterations
gametes
and
phenotypic
outcomes
several
generations.
However,
the
mechanisms
underlying
such
intergenerational
inheritance,
mainly
from
germline
to
soma,
are
enigmatic,
given
that
postfertilization
embryos
cells
reprogram
epigenome
each
generation
gain
their
cellular
identity.
Here,
we
report
stable
transmission
of
differential
DNA
methylation
(epimutations)
associations
nonalcoholic
fatty
liver
disease
(NAFLD)
medaka
exposed
a
model
estrogenic
chemical
but
ubiquitous
environmental
contaminant,
bisphenol
A
(BPA).
Results
Ancestral
BPA
exposure
F0
led
advanced
NAFLD
unexposed
grandchildren
(F2)
medaka.
The
F2
transcriptome
histopathology
revealed
severe
phenotype
females.
Whole-genome
bisulfite
sequencing
sperm
gradual
shift
promoter
(hypomethylated)
F1
(mix
hypo-
hypermethylated)
(predominantly
hypermethylated).
Many
differentially
methylated
promoters
(DMPs)
overlapped
sperm,
liver,
regardless
sex.
In
females,
1511
DMPs
was
found
three
generations,
which
associated
protein-coding
genes,
miRNAs,
others
linked
steatohepatitis
(NASH).
Among
them,
27
canonical
genes
maintained
consistently
hypermethylated
significant
downregulation
expression
enrichment
NAFLD-related
pathways,
fat
digestion,
glycerolipid
metabolism,
steroid
biosynthesis.
Conclusions
present
results
demonstrate
inter-
transgenerational
germline-to-germline
germline-to-soma
environmentally
induced
epimutations
gametic
epimutations,
predicting
phenotype-a
clear
passage
