Host control of the microbiome: Mechanisms, evolution, and disease

Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 385(6706)

Опубликована: Июль 18, 2024

Many species, including humans, host communities of symbiotic microbes. There is a vast literature on the ways these microbiomes affect hosts, but here we argue for an increased focus how hosts their microbiomes. Hosts exert control over symbionts through diverse mechanisms, immunity, barrier function, physiological homeostasis, and transit. These mechanisms enable to shape ecology evolution generate natural selection microbial traits that benefit host. Our result from perpetual tension between symbiont evolution, can leverage host's evolved abilities regulate microbiota prevent treat disease. The study will be central our ability both understand manipulate microbiotas better health.

Язык: Английский

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A lasting symbiosis: how Vibrio fischeri finds a squid partner and persists within its natural host

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 19(10), С. 654 - 665

Опубликована: Июнь 4, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Symbiotic organs: the nexus of host–microbe evolution

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 37(7), С. 599 - 610

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2022

Язык: Английский

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A new lexicon in the age of microbiome research

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 379(1901)

Опубликована: Март 18, 2024

At a rapid pace, biologists are learning the many ways in which resident microbes influence, and sometimes even control, their hosts to shape both health disease. Understanding biochemistry behind these interactions promises reveal completely novel targeted of counteracting disease processes. However, our protocols publications, we continue describe new results using language that originated different context. This developed when microbial with were perceived be primarily pathogenic, as threats had vanquished. Biomedicine one dominating thought: winning this war against microorganisms. Today, know beyond defensive roles, host tissues, especially epithelia, vital ensuring association normal microbiota, communities persistently live host. Thus, need adopt better encompasses newly appreciated importance host-microbiota associations. We also frames onset progression pathogenic conditions within context microbiota. Such reimagined lexicon should make it clear, from very nature its words, microorganisms health, only more rarely cause article is part theme issue ‘Sculpting microbiome: how factors determine respond colonization’.

Язык: Английский

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Comparative transcriptomics revealed parallel evolution and innovation of photosymbiosis molecular mechanisms in a marine bivalve

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 291(2023)

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Photosymbioses between heterotrophic hosts and autotrophic symbionts are evolutionarily prevalent ecologically significant. However, the molecular mechanisms behind such symbioses remain less elucidated, which hinders our understanding of their origin adaptive evolution. This study compared gene expression patterns in a photosymbiotic bivalve (

Язык: Английский

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The importance of host physical niches for the stability of gut microbiome composition

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 379(1901)

Опубликована: Март 18, 2024

Gut bacteria are prevalent throughout the Metazoa and form complex microbial communities associated with food breakdown, nutrient provision disease prevention. How hosts acquire maintain a consistent bacterial flora remains mysterious even in best-studied animals, including humans, mice, fishes, squid, bugs, worms flies. This essay visits evidence that have co-evolved relationships specific some of these supported by specialized physical niches select, sequester symbionts. Genetics approaches could uncover mechanisms for recruiting maintaining stable members microbiome. article is part theme issue 'Sculpting microbiome: how host factors determine respond to colonization'.

Язык: Английский

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Symbioses between fungi and bacteria: from mechanisms to impacts on biodiversity

Current Opinion in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 80, С. 102496 - 102496

Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2024

Symbiotic interactions between fungi and bacteria range from positive to negative. They are ubiquitous in free-living as well host-associated microbial communities worldwide. Yet, the impact of fungal-bacterial symbioses on organization dynamics is uncertain. There two reasons for this uncertainty: (1) knowledge gaps understanding genetic mechanisms underpinning (2) prevailing interpretations ecological theory that favor antagonistic drivers stabilizing biological despite existence models emphasizing contributions interactions. This review synthesizes information common soil polymicrobial biofilms. The interdomain partnerships considered context relevant community ecology models, which discussed critically.

Язык: Английский

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Symbiont transmission in marine sponges: reproduction, development, and metamorphosis

BMC Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 20(1)

Опубликована: Май 6, 2022

Abstract Marine sponges (phylum Porifera) form symbioses with diverse microbial communities that can be transmitted between generations through their developmental stages. Here, we integrate embryology and microbiology to review how symbiotic microorganisms are in this early-diverging lineage. We describe vertical transmission is widespread but not universal, microbes vertically during a select window, properties of the microbiome depends on whether species high or low abundance sponge. Reproduction, development, symbiosis thus deeply rooted, why these partnerships remains central elusive tenet symbioses.

Язык: Английский

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Lighting the way: how the Vibrio fischeri model microbe reveals the complexity of Earth’s “simplest” life forms

Journal of Bacteriology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 206(5)

Опубликована: Май 2, 2024

ABSTRACT Vibrio ( Aliivibrio ) fischeri ’s initial rise to fame derived from its alluring production of blue-green light. Subsequent studies probe the mechanisms underlying this bioluminescence helped field discover phenomenon now known as quorum sensing. Orthologs quorum-sensing regulators (i.e., LuxR and LuxI) originally identified in V. were subsequently uncovered a plethora bacterial species, analogous pathways found yet others. Over past three decades, study microbe has greatly expanded unique role exclusive symbiont light organ Hawaiian bobtail squid, Euprymna scolopes . Buoyed by optically amenable host persistent insightful researchers who have applied novel cross-disciplinary approaches, developed into robust model for microbe-host associations. It contributed our understanding how bacteria experience respond specific, often fluxing environmental conditions which impact development their host. also deepened numerous microbial processes such motility chemotaxis, biofilm formation dispersal, competition, relevance specific genes context colonizing an animal Parallels these between studied pathogens are readily apparent, demonstrating functional conservation across diverse associations permitting reinterpretation “pathogenesis.” Collectively, advances built foundation microbiome positioned continue expand frontiers world inside animals.

Язык: Английский

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Vibrio fischeri : a model for host-associated biofilm formation

Journal of Bacteriology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 206(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024

ABSTRACT Multicellular communities of adherent bacteria known as biofilms are often detrimental in the context a human host, making it important to study their formation and dispersal, especially animal models. One such model is symbiosis between squid Euprymna scolopes bacterium Vibrio fischeri . Juvenile hatch aposymbiotically selectively acquire symbiont from natural seawater containing diverse environmental microbes. Successful pairing facilitated by ciliary movements that direct quiet zones on surface squid’s symbiotic light organ where V. forms small aggregate or biofilm. Subsequently, disperse enter organ, ultimately reaching colonizing deep crypt spaces. Although transient, critical for optimal colonization tightly controlled. In vitro studies have identified variety polysaccharides proteins comprise extracellular matrix. Some most well-characterized matrix factors include polysaccharide (SYP), cellulose polysaccharide, LapV adhesin. this review, we discuss these components, regulation, other less understood biofilm contributors. We also highlight what currently about dispersal aggregates host cues may promote it. Finally, briefly describe discoveries gleaned isolates. By unraveling complexities involved ’s control over begin understand how environment triggers transient unique relationship.

Язык: Английский

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