Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
9(5), С. 490 - 499
Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2024
There
has
been
renewed
interest
in
the
use
of
3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine
(MDMA)
and
serotonergic
psychedelics
treatment
multiple
psychiatric
disorders.
Many
these
compounds
are
known
to
produce
prosocial
effects,
but
how
effects
relate
therapeutic
efficacy
extent
which
unique
a
particular
drug
class
is
unknown.
In
this
article,
we
present
narrative
overview
compare
evidence
for
MDMA
elucidate
shared
mechanisms
that
may
underlie
process.
We
discuss
4
categories
effects:
altered
self-image,
responses
social
reward,
negative
input,
neuroplasticity.
While
both
drugs
alter
self-perception,
do
so
way
less
related
experience
mystical-type
states
than
psychedelics.
case
supports
ability
enhance
suggests
also
so,
more
research
needed
area.
Both
classes
consistently
dampen
reactivity
stimuli.
Finally,
preclinical
induce
neuroplasticity,
promoting
adaptive
rewiring
neural
circuits,
be
helpful
trauma
processing.
they
differ
through
this.
These
differences
affect
types
psychosocial
interventions
work
best
with
each
compound.
Nature,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
632(8023), С. 131 - 138
Опубликована: Июль 17, 2024
Abstract
A
single
dose
of
psilocybin,
a
psychedelic
that
acutely
causes
distortions
space–time
perception
and
ego
dissolution,
produces
rapid
persistent
therapeutic
effects
in
human
clinical
trials
1–4
.
In
animal
models,
psilocybin
induces
neuroplasticity
cortex
hippocampus
5–8
It
remains
unclear
how
brain
network
changes
relate
to
subjective
lasting
psychedelics.
Here
we
tracked
individual-specific
with
longitudinal
precision
functional
mapping
(roughly
18
magnetic
resonance
imaging
visits
per
participant).
Healthy
adults
were
before,
during
for
3
weeks
after
high-dose
(25
mg)
methylphenidate
(40
mg),
brought
back
an
additional
6–12
months
later.
Psilocybin
massively
disrupted
connectivity
(FC)
subcortex,
causing
more
than
threefold
greater
change
methylphenidate.
These
FC
driven
by
desynchronization
across
spatial
scales
(areal,
global),
which
dissolved
distinctions
reducing
correlations
within
anticorrelations
between
networks.
Psilocybin-driven
strongest
the
default
mode
network,
is
connected
anterior
thought
create
our
sense
space,
time
self.
Individual
differences
strongly
linked
experience.
Performing
perceptual
task
reduced
psilocybin-driven
changes.
caused
decrease
weeks.
Persistent
reduction
hippocampal-default
may
represent
neuroanatomical
mechanistic
correlate
proplasticity
Brain Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(2), С. 117 - 117
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2025
Background:
Psychedelics
are
increasingly
recognized
as
a
promising
and
innovative
treatment
strategy
for
several
mental
disorders.
However,
there
is
still
lively
controversy
in
the
medical
community
regards
rationale
of
their
employment,
specifically
indications
potential
dangers.
Methods:
A
comprehensive
literature
search
on
“MEDLINE/PubMed”
“Web
Science”
was
performed
from
inception
to
26
June
2024,
cross-checking
obtained
references.
We
included
all
studies,
i.e.,
both
clinical
preclinical,
that
supplied
original
data.
Results:
initially
total
1083
entries,
813
MEDLINE/PubMed
270
Web
Science.
After
duplicate
elimination,
903
underwent
systematic
selection.
Primary
abstract
screening
yielded
572
candidates
eligibility
assessment
excluded
331
entries
formal
grounds.
Eligibility
led
exclusion
501
titles.
Finally,
70
articles
were
this
review.
Discussion:
Preclinical
evidence
genetic
expression,
histology
behavioral
studies
soundly
consistent
with
psychedelics
possessing
neuroplasticity-inducing
properties.
Despite
methodological
difficulties,
seems
be
inferentially
agreement
preclinical
findings.
it
unclear
whether
“neuroplastic
boost”
induced
by
classic
might
dissociable
psychodysleptic
effects,
thereby
reducing
psychopathological
hazards
implied
these
compounds.
Moreover,
fact
so-called
“relaxation
priors”
should
unconditionally
beneficial
appears
debatable,
further
research
clarify
possible
contraindications
psychedelic
psychoplastogens
within
precision
medicine
perspective.
American Journal of Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
182(1), С. 79 - 103
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
MDMA
(i.e.,
3,4-methylenedixoymethamphetamine),
commonly
known
as
"Ecstasy"
or
"Molly,"
has
been
used
since
the
1970s
both
in
recreational
and
therapeutic
settings.
The
Food
Drug
Administration
(FDA)
designated
MDMA-Assisted
Therapy
(MDMA-AT)
a
Breakthrough
for
posttraumatic
stress
disorder
(PTSD)
2017,
FDA
is
requiring
an
additional
phase
3
trial
after
rejecting
initial
New
Application
2024.
Unlike
other
psychedelics,
uniquely
induces
prosocial
subjective
effects
of
heightened
trust
self-compassion
while
maintaining
ego
functioning
well
cognitive
perceptual
lucidity.
While
use
nonmedical
settings
may
still
cause
harm,
especially
due
to
adulterants
when
without
proper
precautions,
conclusions
that
can
be
drawn
from
studies
are
limited
by
many
confounds.
This
limits
extent
which
evidence
related
extrapolated
use.
A
considerable
body
preliminary
suggests
MDMA-AT
delivered
controlled
clinical
setting
safe
efficacious
treatment
PTSD.
After
course
involving
three
administrations
supported
psychotherapy,
67%-71%
individuals
with
PTSD
no
longer
meet
diagnostic
criteria
versus
32%-48%
placebo-assisted
therapy,
endure
at
long-term
follow-up.
review
primarily
aims
distinguish
nonclinical
using
pharmaceutical-grade
further
describes
putative
neurobiological
mechanisms
underlying
its
effects,
MDMA-AT,
considerations
level
public
health
policy,
future
research
directions.
American Journal of Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
182(1), С. 114 - 125
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Evidence
suggests
that
psilocybin-assisted
therapy
(PAT)
leads
to
durable
shifts
in
personality
structure.
However,
such
changes
have
yet
be
characterized
disorders
of
addiction.
In
this
secondary
analysis
from
a
randomized
controlled
trial,
the
authors
examined
effect
PAT
on
dimensions
patients
with
alcohol
use
disorder
(AUD),
hypothesizing
would
attenuate
abnormalities
AUD
and
reductions
trait
impulsiveness
associated
lower
drinking.
Neurotherapeutics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown, С. e00322 - e00322
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
In
recent
years,
psychedelics
have
generated
considerable
excitement
and
interest
as
potential
novel
therapeutics
for
an
array
of
conditions,
with
the
most
advanced
evidence
base
in
treatment
certain
severe
and/or
treatment-resistant
psychiatric
disorders.
An
clinical
pre-clinical
has
informed
our
current
understanding
how
produce
profound
alterations
consciousness.
Mechanisms
psychedelic
action
include
receptor
binding
downstream
cellular
transcriptional
pathways,
long-term
impacts
on
brain
structure
function—from
level
single
neurons
to
large-scale
circuits.
this
perspective,
we
first
briefly
review
synthesize
separate
lines
research
mechanistic
processes
underlying
acute
effects
compounds,
a
particular
emphasis
highlighting
theoretical
models
drug
their
relationships
therapeutic
benefits
brain-based
We
then
highlight
existing
area
ongoing
controversy
argue
is
directly
by
originating
from
disparate
levels
inquiry,
ultimately
converge
notion
that
bridging
chasm
explanatory
across
inquiry
(molecular,
cellular,
circuit,
psychological/behavioral)
through
innovative
methods
collaborative
efforts
will
yield
comprehensive
needed
fully
capitalize
properties
these
compounds.
Journal of Psychopharmacology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
38(8), С. 690 - 700
Опубликована: Июль 31, 2024
Objective:
Despite
considerable
research
examining
the
efficacy
of
psychedelic-assisted
therapies
(PATs)
for
treating
psychiatric
disorders,
assessment
adverse
events
(AEs)
in
PAT
has
lagged.
Current
AE
reporting
standards
trials
are
poorly
calibrated
to
features
that
distinguish
it
from
other
treatments,
leaving
many
potential
AEs
unassessed.
Methods:
A
multidisciplinary
working
group
experts
involved
pooled
formally
and
informally
documented
observed
through
experience
published
literature.
This
information
was
integrated
with
(a)
current
practices
pharmacotherapy
psychotherapy
(b)
findings
documenting
post-acute
dosing
impacts
psychedelics
on
subjective
states,
meaning,
psychosocial
health
variables,
produce
a
set
constructs
important
evaluate
as
well
recommended
methods
time
frames
their
monitoring.
Correspondence
between
identified
examined,
including
extent
coverage
by
25
existing
measures
used
relevant
research.
Results:
Fifty-four
terms
warranting
systematized
were
identified,
defined,
categorized.
Existing
demonstrated
substantial
gaps
constructs.
Recommendations
developed
how
assess
(including
patient,
clinician,
informant
reports),
when
over
preparation,
session,
integration,
follow-up.
Application
this
framework
is
preliminary
protocol
(available
supplement).
Conclusions:
addresses
need
capture
PAT,
accounting
its
components,
worldviews
spirituality.
