Gut microbial metabolites as multi-kingdom intermediates

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 19(2), С. 77 - 94

Опубликована: Сен. 23, 2020

Язык: Английский

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The gut microbiota at the intersection of diet and human health

Science, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 362(6416), С. 776 - 780

Опубликована: Ноя. 15, 2018

Diet affects multiple facets of human health and is inextricably linked to chronic metabolic conditions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease. Dietary nutrients are essential not only for but also the survival trillions microbes that reside within intestines. a key component relationship between humans their microbial residents; gut use ingested fundamental biological processes, outputs those processes may have important impacts on physiology. Studies in animal models beginning unravel underpinnings this relationship, increasing evidence suggests it underlie some broader effects diet

Язык: Английский

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DRAM for distilling microbial metabolism to automate the curation of microbiome function

Nucleic Acids Research, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 48(16), С. 8883 - 8900

Опубликована: Июль 22, 2020

Abstract Microbial and viral communities transform the chemistry of Earth's ecosystems, yet specific reactions catalyzed by these biological engines are hard to decode due absence a scalable, metabolically resolved, annotation software. Here, we present DRAM (Distilled Refined Annotation Metabolism), framework translate deluge microbiome-based genomic information into catalog microbial traits. To demonstrate applicability across diverse genomes, evaluated performance on defined, in silico soil community previously published human gut metagenomes. We show that accurately assigned contributions geochemical cycles automated partitioning carbohydrate metabolism at substrate levels. DRAM-v, mode DRAM, established rules identify virally-encoded auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs), resulting categorization thousands putative AMGs from soils guts. Together DRAM-v provide critical profiling capabilities decipher mechanisms underpinning microbiome function.

Язык: Английский

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Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Disease

Circulation Research, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 127(4), С. 553 - 570

Опубликована: Июль 30, 2020

Fecal microbial community changes are associated with numerous disease states, including cardiovascular (CVD). However, such data merely associative. A causal contribution for gut microbiota in CVD has been further supported by a multitude of more direct experimental evidence. Indeed, transplantation studies, specific microbiota-dependent pathways, and downstream metabolites have all shown to influence host metabolism CVD, sometimes through identified receptors. Multiple metaorganismal pathways (involving both microbe host) impact animal models show striking clinical associations human studies. For example, trimethylamine N-oxide and, recently, phenylacetylglutamine whose blood levels incident risks large-scale Importantly, link these other metabolites/pathways mechanistic model Phenylacetylglutamine, was recently promote adverse phenotypes the via interaction multiple ARs (adrenergic receptors)-a class key receptors that regulate homeostasis. In this review, we summarize recent advances microbiome research related cardiometabolic helped move field forward from associative causative results. We focus on compounds/pathways, attention paid short-chain fatty acids, secondary bile N-oxide, phenylacetylglutamine. also discuss novel therapeutic strategies directly targeting improve outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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Atherosclerosis: Recent developments

Cell, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 185(10), С. 1630 - 1645

Опубликована: Май 1, 2022

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease of the large arteries that major cause cardiovascular (CVD) and stroke. Here, we review current understanding molecular, cellular, genetic, environmental contributions to atherosclerosis, from both individual pathway systems perspectives. We place emphasis on recent developments, some which have yielded unexpected biology, including previously unknown heterogeneity smooth muscle cells in atherosclerotic lesions, roles for senescence clonal hematopoiesis, links gut microbiome.

Язык: Английский

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NAFLD and increased risk of cardiovascular disease: clinical associations, pathophysiological mechanisms and pharmacological implications

Gut, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 69(9), С. 1691 - 1705

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2020

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a public health problem, affecting up to third of the world's adult population. Several cohort studies have consistently documented that NAFLD (especially in its more advanced forms) associated with higher risk all-cause mortality and leading causes death among patients are cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), followed by extrahepatic malignancies liver-related complications. A growing body evidence also indicates strongly an increased major CVD events other cardiac complications (ie, cardiomyopathy, valvular calcification arrhythmias), independently traditional factors. This narrative review provides overview literature on: (1) for association between cardiovascular, arrhythmic complications, (2) putative pathophysiological mechanisms linking (3) current pharmacological treatments might benefit or adversely affect CVD.

Язык: Английский

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Intestinal Microbiota in Cardiovascular Health and Disease

Journal of the American College of Cardiology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 73(16), С. 2089 - 2105

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Impact of chronic dietary red meat, white meat, or non-meat protein on trimethylamine N-oxide metabolism and renal excretion in healthy men and women

European Heart Journal, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 40(7), С. 583 - 594

Опубликована: Ноя. 19, 2018

Carnitine and choline are major nutrient precursors for gut microbiota-dependent generation of the atherogenic metabolite, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). We performed randomized-controlled dietary intervention studies to explore impact chronic patterns on TMAO levels, metabolism renal excretion.

Язык: Английский

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The gut microbiota-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide is elevated in Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer s Research & Therapy, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2018

Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a small molecule produced by the metaorganismal metabolism of dietary choline, has been implicated in human disease pathogenesis, including known risk factors for Alzheimer's (AD), such as metabolic, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular disease. In this study, we tested whether TMAO is linked to AD examining levels cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected from large sample (n = 410) individuals with clinical syndrome 40), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) 35), cognitively-unimpaired 335). Linear regression analyses were used determine differences CSF between groups (controlling age, sex, APOE ε4 genotype), well relationships biomarkers (phosphorylated tau beta-amyloid) neuronal degeneration (total tau, neurogranin, neurofilament light chain protein). higher MCI dementia compared individuals, elevated associated pathology phosphorylated tau/Aβ42) These findings provide additional insight into gut microbial involvement add growing understanding gut–brain axis.

Язык: Английский

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How the immune system shapes atherosclerosis: roles of innate and adaptive immunity

Nature reviews. Immunology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(4), С. 251 - 265

Опубликована: Авг. 13, 2021

Язык: Английский

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