Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2025
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte
precursor
cells
(OPCs)
shape
brain
function
through
many
non-canonical
regulatory
mechanisms
beyond
myelination.
Here
we
show
that
OPCs
form
contacts
with
their
processes
on
neuronal
somata
in
a
activity-dependent
manner.
These
facilitate
exocytosis
of
lysosomes.
A
reduction
the
number
or
branching
reduces
these
contacts,
which
is
associated
lysosome
accumulation
and
altered
metabolism
neurons
more
senescent
age.
similar
OPC
seen
an
early-stage
mouse
model
Alzheimer’s
disease.
Our
findings
have
implications
for
prevention
age-related
pathologies
treatment
neurodegenerative
diseases.
Nature Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
25(10), С. 1273 - 1278
Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2022
Oligodendrocyte
precursor
cells
(OPCs)
give
rise
to
myelinating
oligodendrocytes
throughout
life,
but
the
functions
of
OPCs
are
not
limited
oligodendrogenesis.
Here
we
show
that
contribute
thalamocortical
presynapse
elimination
in
developing
and
adult
mouse
visual
cortex.
OPC-mediated
synapse
engulfment
increases
response
sensory
experience
during
neural
circuit
refinement.
Our
data
suggest
may
regulate
synaptic
connectivity
brain
independently
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
119(48)
Опубликована: Ноя. 23, 2022
Neurons
in
the
developing
brain
undergo
extensive
structural
refinement
as
nascent
circuits
adopt
their
mature
form.
This
physical
transformation
of
neurons
is
facilitated
by
engulfment
and
degradation
axonal
branches
synapses
surrounding
glial
cells,
including
microglia
astrocytes.
However,
small
size
phagocytic
organelles
complex,
highly
ramified
morphology
glia
have
made
it
difficult
to
define
contribution
these
other
cell
types
this
crucial
process.
Here,
we
used
large-scale,
serial
section
transmission
electron
microscopy
(TEM)
with
computational
volume
segmentation
reconstruct
complete
3D
morphologies
distinct
mouse
visual
cortex,
providing
unprecedented
resolution
composition.
Unexpectedly,
discovered
that
fine
processes
oligodendrocyte
precursor
cells
(OPCs),
a
population
abundant,
dynamic
progenitors,
frequently
surrounded
axons.
Numerous
phagosomes
phagolysosomes
(PLs)
containing
fragments
axons
vesicular
structures
were
present
inside
processes,
suggesting
OPCs
engage
axon
pruning.
Single-nucleus
RNA
sequencing
from
cortex
revealed
express
key
genes
at
stage,
well
neuronal
transcripts,
consistent
active
engulfment.
Although
are
thought
be
responsible
for
majority
synaptic
pruning
refinement,
PLs
ten
times
more
abundant
than
markedly
less
newly
generated
oligodendrocytes,
contribute
substantially
during
cortical
development.
Glia,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
70(12), С. 2237 - 2259
Опубликована: Июль 4, 2022
Myelin
is
essential
to
nervous
system
function,
playing
roles
in
saltatory
conduction
and
trophic
support.
Oligodendrocytes
(OLs)
Schwann
cells
(SCs)
form
myelin
the
central
peripheral
systems
respectively
follow
different
developmental
paths.
OLs
are
neural
stem-cell
derived
an
intrinsic
program
resulting
a
largely
irreversible
differentiation
state.
During
embryonic
development,
OL
precursor
(OPCs)
produced
distinct
waves
originating
from
locations
system,
with
subset
developing
into
myelinating
OLs.
OPCs
remain
evenly
distributed
throughout
life,
providing
population
of
responsive,
multifunctional
capacity
remyelinate
after
injury.
SCs
derive
crest,
highly
dependent
on
extrinsic
signals,
have
plastic
states.
SC
precursors
(SCPs)
early
nerve
structures
differentiate
multipotent
immature
(iSCs),
which
initiate
radial
sorting
non-myelinating
SCs.
Differentiated
retain
radically
change
phenotypes
response
external
including
becoming
repair
SCs,
drive
regeneration.
While
several
transcription
factors
components
common
between
their
mechanisms
distinct,
owing
unique
lineages
respective
environments.
In
addition,
both
respond
neuronal
activity
regulate
output
reciprocal
manners,
possibly
through
pathways.
Here,
we
outline
basic
programs,
regulating
differentiation,
recent
advances
field.
Trends in Neurosciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
46(8), С. 628 - 639
Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2023
Oligodendrocyte
precursor
cells
(OPCs)
are
non-neuronal
brain
that
give
rise
to
oligodendrocytes,
glia
myelinate
the
axons
of
neurons
in
brain.
Classically
known
for
their
contributions
myelination
via
oligodendrogenesis,
OPCs
increasingly
appreciated
play
diverse
roles
nervous
system,
ranging
from
blood
vessel
formation
antigen
presentation.
Here,
we
review
emerging
literature
suggesting
may
be
essential
establishment
and
remodeling
neural
circuits
developing
adult
mechanisms
distinct
production
oligodendrocytes.
We
discuss
specialized
features
position
these
integrate
activity-dependent
molecular
cues
shape
wiring.
Finally,
place
within
context
a
growing
field
focused
on
understanding
importance
communication
between
contexts
both
health
disease.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2023
Abstract
Systematic
spatial
variation
in
micro-architecture
is
observed
across
the
cortex.
These
micro-architectural
gradients
are
reflected
neural
activity,
which
can
be
captured
by
neurophysiological
time-series.
How
spontaneous
dynamics
organized
cortex
and
how
they
arise
from
heterogeneous
cortical
remains
unknown.
Here
we
extensively
profile
regional
human
brain
estimating
over
6800
time-series
features
resting
state
magnetoencephalography
(MEG)
signal.
We
then
map
profiles
to
a
comprehensive
multi-modal,
multi-scale
atlas
of
micro-architecture,
including
microstructure,
metabolism,
neurotransmitter
receptors,
cell
types
laminar
differentiation.
find
that
dominant
axis
reflects
characteristics
power
spectrum
density
linear
correlation
structure
signal,
emphasizing
importance
conventional
electromagnetic
while
identifying
additional
informative
have
traditionally
received
less
attention.
Moreover,
co-localized
with
multiple
features,
gene
expression
gradients,
intracortical
myelin,
receptors
transporters,
oxygen
glucose
metabolism.
Collectively,
this
work
opens
new
avenues
for
studying
anatomical
basis
activity.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Окт. 14, 2023
Abstract
Previous
work
has
shown
that
motor
skill
learning
stimulates
and
requires
generation
of
myelinating
oligodendrocytes
(OLs)
from
their
precursor
cells
(OLPs)
in
the
brains
adult
mice.
In
present
study
we
ask
whether
OL
production
is
also
required
for
non-motor
cognition,
using
T-maze
radial-arm-maze
tasks
tax
spatial
working
memory.
We
find
maze
training
OLP
proliferation
medial
prefrontal
cortex
(mPFC),
anterior
corpus
callosum
(genu),
dorsal
thalamus
hippocampal
formation
male
mice;
myelin
sheath
stimulated
genu.
Genetic
blockade
differentiation
neo-myelination
Myrf
conditional-knockout
mice
strongly
impairs
training-induced
improvements
performance.
a
strong
positive
correlation
between
performance
individual
wild
type
scale
during
training,
but
not
with
number
or
intensity
c-Fos
+
neurons
mPFC,
underscoring
important
role
played
by
lineage
cognitive
processing.
Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
475(9), С. 1035 - 1044
Опубликована: Июль 4, 2023
Abstract
In
the
central
nervous
system,
oligodendrocyte
precursor
cells
(OPCs)
are
recognized
as
progenitors
responsible
for
generation
of
oligodendrocytes,
which
play
a
critical
role
in
myelination.
Extensive
research
has
shed
light
on
mechanisms
underlying
OPC
proliferation
and
differentiation
into
mature
myelin-forming
oligodendrocytes.
However,
recent
advances
field
have
revealed
that
OPCs
multiple
functions
beyond
their
progenitors,
exerting
control
over
neural
circuits
brain
function
through
distinct
pathways.
This
review
aims
to
provide
comprehensive
understanding
by
first
introducing
well-established
features.
Subsequently,
we
delve
emerging
roles
modulating
both
healthy
diseased
states.
Unraveling
cellular
molecular
influence
holds
great
promise
identifying
novel
therapeutic
targets
system
diseases.
