Sustainable materials and technologies, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 35, С. e00567 - e00567
Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2023
Язык: Английский
Energy Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8, С. 13793 - 13813
Опубликована: Окт. 25, 2022
Decarbonizing the planet is one of major goals that countries around world have set for 2050 to mitigate effects climate change. To achieve these goals, green hydrogen can be produced from electrolysis water an important key solution tackle global decarbonization. Consequently, in recent years there increase interest towards production through process large-scale implementation renewable energy-based power plants and other industrial, transportation applications. The main objective this study was provide a comprehensive review various technologies especially on electrolysis. In review, their techno-commercial prospects including cost, along with developments electrode materials, challenges were summarized. Further some most successful results also described. Moreover aims identify gaps research development perspective. addition, commercial electrolyzer performances limitations described possible solutions cost-effective Finally, we outlined our ideas, driving This information will future directions road map development/implementation commercially viable projects.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
792
Nature Materials, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 19(11), С. 1140 - 1150
Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2020
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
561
Chemical Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 122(13), С. 11830 - 11895
Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2022
This Review provides an overview of the emerging concepts catalysts, membranes, and membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) for water electrolyzers with anion-exchange membranes (AEMs), also known as zero-gap alkaline electrolyzers. Much recent progress is due to improvements in materials chemistry, MEA designs, optimized operation conditions. Research on polymers (AEPs) has focused cationic head/backbone/side-chain structures key properties such ionic conductivity stability. Several approaches, cross-linking, microphase, organic/inorganic composites, have been proposed improve performance chemical mechanical stability AEMs. Numerous AEMs now exceed values 0.1 S/cm (at 60-80 °C), although specifically at temperatures exceeding 60 °C needs further enhancement. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) still a limiting factor. An analysis thin-layer OER data suggests that NiFe-type catalysts highest activity. There debate active-site mechanism NiFe their long-term be understood. Addition Co increases these catalysts. same hydrogen (HER) shows carbon-supported Pt dominating, PtNi alloys clusters Ni(OH)
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
502
Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 32(21)
Опубликована: Март 13, 2022
Abstract The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) generally exists in electrochemistry‐enabled applications that are coupled with cathodic reactions like hydrogen evolution, carbon dioxide reduction, ammonia synthesis, and electrocatalytic hydrogenation. OER heavily impacts the overall energy efficiency of these devices because sluggish kinetics result a huge overpotential, thus, large amount efficient catalysts needed. benchmark iridium ruthenium (Ir/Ru)‐based materials (mostly used acid media) are, however, significantly limited by their scarcity. Non‐precious metal‐based (NPMCs) have emerged as most promising alternatives; they tend to degrade quickly under harsh operating conditions typical devices. Another challenge is unsatisfying performance when integrated real‐world Herein, active sites for three mainstream types NPMCs including non‐precious transition metal oxides/(oxy)hydroxides, metal‐free materials, hybrid composites reviewed. In addition, possible degradation mechanisms mitigation strategies discussed detail. This review also provides insights into gaps between R&D practical
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
460
Energy & Environmental Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 14(6), С. 3393 - 3419
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021
Understanding the durability-limiting factors of anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers operating under pure water-, KOH- and K2CO3-fed conditions.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
379
Advanced Energy Materials, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 11(43)
Опубликована: Июнь 17, 2021
Abstract Biomass is recognized as an ideal CO 2 neutral, abundant, and renewable resource substitute to fossil fuels. The rich proton content in most biomass derived materials, such ethanol, 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) glycerol allows it be effective hydrogen carrier. oxidation derivatives, 2,5‐difurandicarboxylic acid from HMF, glyceric are valuable products used biodegradable polymers pharmaceuticals. Therefore, combining biomass‐derived compound at the anode evolution reaction cathode a electrolysis or photo‐reforming reactor would present promising strategy for coproducing high value chemicals with low energy consumption emissions. This review aims combine fundamental knowledge on photo electro‐assisted catalysis provide comprehensive understanding of general mechanisms different molecule oxidation. At same time, catalyst requirements recent advances various feedstock compounds also reviewed detail. Technoeconomic assessment life cycle analysis performed feedstocks assess relative benefits processes, finally critical prospects given challenges opportunities technology development meet sustainability requirement future global economy.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
325
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 189, С. 113941 - 113941
Опубликована: Ноя. 2, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
310
Nano Energy, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 87, С. 106162 - 106162
Опубликована: Май 18, 2021
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
297
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 48(12), С. 4572 - 4593
Опубликована: Ноя. 24, 2022
The development of renewable energy technologies is essential to achieve carbon neutrality. Hydrogen can be stably stored and transported in large quantities maximize power utilization. Detailed understanding the characteristics operating methods water electrolysis technologies, which naturally intermittent fluctuating used directly, required for green hydrogen production, because power-driven processes significantly differ from industrial driven by steady grid power. Thus, it necessary overcome several issues related direct use This article reviews its generation as well current status operation conditions, electrolyzer configuration, system requirements, stack/catalyst durability, degradation mechanisms under sources. It also provides an accelerated test protocol method fair catalyst performance comparison share effective design directions. Finally, discusses potential challenges recommendations further improvements components systems suitable practical use, suggesting that a breakthrough could realized toward achievement sustainable hydrogen-based society.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
290
Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 18(2)
Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2020
Abstract One promising way to store and distribute large amounts of renewable energy is water electrolysis, coupled with transport hydrogen in the gas grid storage tanks caverns. The intermittent availability renewal makes it difficult integrate established alkaline electrolysis technology. Proton exchange membrane (PEM) (PEMEC) promising, but limited by necessity use expensive platinum iridium catalysts. expected solution anion (AEM) which combines cheap abundant catalyst materials advantages PEM namely, a low foot print, operational capacity, fast response changing operating conditions. key component for AEM cheap, stable, tight highly hydroxide conductive polymeric AEM. Here, we present target values technical requirements AEMs, discuss chemical structures involved related degradation pathways, give an overview over most prominent commercial AEMs (Fumatech Fumasep® FAA3, Tokuyama A201, Ionomr Aemion™, Dioxide Sustainion®, membranes commercialized Orion Polymer), review their properties performances electrolyzers using these membranes.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
289