Bioengineering & Translational Medicine,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
8(1)
Опубликована: Май 18, 2022
Abstract
MicroRNAs
(miRNAs)
as
therapeutic
agents
have
attracted
increasing
interest
in
the
past
decade
owing
to
their
significant
effectiveness
treating
a
wide
array
of
ailments.
These
polymerases
II‐derived
noncoding
RNAs
act
through
post‐transcriptional
controlling
different
proteins
and
allied
pathways.
Like
other
areas
medicine,
researchers
utilized
miRNAs
for
managing
acute
chronic
wounds.
The
increase
number
patients
suffering
from
either
under‐healing
or
over‐healing
wound
demonstrates
limited
efficacy
current
healing
strategies
dictates
demands
simpler
approaches
with
greater
efficacy.
Various
miRNA
can
be
designed
induce
pathway
beneficial
healing.
However,
proper
design
its
delivery
system
applications
are
still
challenging
due
stability
intracellular
delivery.
Therefore,
new
required
identified
strategy
needs
optimized.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
diverse
roles
various
stages
provide
an
insight
on
most
recent
findings
nanotechnology
biomaterials
field,
which
might
offer
opportunities
development
condition.
We
also
highlight
advances
systems,
emphasizing
challenges
resolutions
miRNA‐based
further
review
biovectors
(e.g.,
adenovirus
lentivirus)
abiotic
materials
such
organic
inorganic
nanomaterials,
along
dendrimers
scaffolds,
systems
Finally,
translation
into
clinical
discussed.
Biologics,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
Volume 15, С. 353 - 361
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2021
Abstract:
Clustered
regularly
interspaced
short
palindromic
repeat
(CRISPR)
and
their
associated
protein
(Cas-9)
is
the
most
effective,
efficient,
accurate
method
of
genome
editing
tool
in
all
living
cells
utilized
many
applied
disciplines.
Guide
RNA
(gRNA)
CRISPR-associated
proteins
are
two
essential
components
CRISPR/Cas-9
system.
The
mechanism
contains
three
steps,
recognition,
cleavage,
repair.
designed
sgRNA
recognizes
target
sequence
gene
interest
through
a
complementary
base
pair.
While
Cas-9
nuclease
makes
double-stranded
breaks
at
site
3
pair
upstream
to
protospacer
adjacent
motif,
then
break
repaired
by
either
non-homologous
end
joining
or
homology-directed
repair
cellular
mechanisms.
genome-editing
has
wide
number
applications
areas
including
medicine,
agriculture,
biotechnology.
In
it
could
help
design
new
grains
improve
nutritional
value.
being
investigated
for
cancers,
HIV,
therapy
such
as
sickle
cell
disease,
cystic
fibrosis,
Duchenne
muscular
dystrophy.
technology
also
regulation
specific
genes
advanced
modification
protein.
However,
immunogenicity,
effective
delivery
systems,
off-target
effect,
ethical
issues
have
been
major
barriers
extend
clinical
applications.
Although
becomes
era
molecular
biology
countless
roles
ranging
from
basic
researches
applications,
there
still
challenges
rub
practical
various
improvements
needed
overcome
obstacles.
Keywords:
CRISPR,
Cas-9,
sgRNA,
gene-editing,
mechanism,
Haematologica,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
105(3), С. 545 - 553
Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2020
The
success
story
of
hemophilia
care
first
began
in
the
1970s,
when
availability
plasma-derived
concentrates
coagulation
factor
VIII
(FVIII)
and
IX
(FIX)
provided
efficacious
treatment
bleeding
patients
with
A
B.
This
positive
scenario
was
consolidated
terms
greater
safety
1990s,
recombinant
factors
were
produced.
meant
that,
instead
only
treating
episodic
events,
prophylaxis
regimens
could
be
implemented
as
a
preventive
measure.
Following
demonstration
its
superiority
frame
two
randomized
clinical
trials,
became
evidence-based
standard
care.
In
high-income
countries,
these
achievements
have
led
to
patients'
life
expectancy
being
extended
close
that
general
male
population.
Alongside
this,
last
decade
has
witnessed
further
spectacular
therapeutic
progress,
such
longer
plasma
half-life
allow
for
wider
intervals
between
treatment.
Moreover,
new
products
based
on
mechanisms
other
than
replacement
deficient
factor,
become
available
(emicizumab)
or
are
at
an
advanced
stage
development.
review
celebrates
care,
while
also
discussing
current
limitations,
issues
yet
unmet
needs.
prospects
cure
by
means
gene
therapy
outlined.
Communications Biology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
4(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2021
Environmental
exposures,
psychosocial
stressors
and
nutrition
are
all
potentially
important
influences
that
may
impact
health
outcomes
directly
or
via
interactions
with
the
genome
epigenome
over
generations.
While
there
have
been
clear
successes
in
large-scale
human
genetic
studies
recent
decades,
is
still
a
substantial
amount
of
missing
heritability
to
be
elucidated
for
complex
childhood
disorders.
Mounting
evidence,
primarily
animals,
suggests
environmental
exposures
generate
perpetuate
altered
across
one
more
One
putative
mechanism
these
effects
epigenetic
regulation.
This
review
highlights
current
epidemiologic
literature
supporting
animal
describe
intergenerational
transgenerational
exposures.
Both
maternal
paternal
transmission
patterns
considered,
attention
paid
attendant
ethical,
legal
social
implications.
European Journal of Preventive Cardiology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
30(15), С. 1676 - 1685
Опубликована: Май 25, 2023
Abstract
Aims
To
evaluate
the
independent,
mediating,
interactive,
and
associated
effects
of
Life's
Essential
8
(LE8)
genetic
predisposition
on
risk
cardiovascular
outcomes
all-cause
mortality.
Methods
results
We
retrieved
a
total
254
783
individuals
from
UK
Biobank.
LE8
was
determined
by
eight
metrics
(nicotine
exposure,
physical
activity,
diet,
sleep,
body
mass
index,
blood
pressure,
glucose,
lipids),
characterized
as
low,
moderate,
high
health
(CVH).
Genetic
estimated
using
polygenic
score
(PRS).
Cox
regressions
were
performed
to
associations
between
LE8,
PRS,
outcomes.
During
median
follow-up
12.53
years,
mortality
occurred
in
10
257
197
473
participants,
2074
215
675,
incident
disease
(CVD)
71
774
675.
Individuals
with
moderate
or
CVH
experienced
lower
[hazard
ratios
(HRs)
0.33
0.81]
adverse
compared
their
counterparts
low
CVH.
A
substantial
proportion
(16.1∼69.8%)
could
be
attributable
up
51.2%
PRS
mediated
LE8.
In
group,
had
CVD
(HR:
0.26,
95%
confidence
interval:
0.18,
0.39),
those
Conclusion
Ideal
risks
mortality,
more
pronounced
association
observed
for
CVD.
Improving
according
guidelines
should
encouraged,
especially
that
indicate
risk.
Consanguineous
marriages,
where
spouses
are
related
by
blood,
have
been
a
longstanding
practice
in
human
history.
The
primary
medical
concern
with
consanguineous
marriages
is
the
increased
risk
of
genetic
disorders.
When
closely
individuals
reproduce,
there
higher
probability
that
both
parents
carry
same
mutation.
In
Arab
countries,
especially
Saudi
Arabia,
rate
marriage
high
compared
Western
European
and
Asian
countries.
This
directly
proportionate
elevated
disorders,
including
congenital
heart
diseases,
renal
rare
blood
Additionally,
it
was
noted
negative
postnatal
outcomes
general
population.
These
observations
indicate
necessity
tackling
this
area
highlighting
consequences
practice.
review,
we
aim
to
discuss
current
evidence
regarding
association
between
disorders
Arabia.
The Bone & Joint Journal,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
104-B(8), С. 915 - 921
Опубликована: Июль 31, 2022
Adolescent
idiopathic
scoliosis
(AIS),
defined
by
an
age
at
presentation
of
11
to
18
years,
has
a
prevalence
0.47%
and
accounts
for
approximately
90%
all
cases
scoliosis.
Despite
decades
research,
the
exact
aetiology
AIS
remains
unknown.
It
is
becoming
evident
that
it
result
complex
interplay
genetic,
internal,
environmental
factors.
been
hypothesized
genetic
variants
act
as
initial
trigger
allow
epigenetic
factors
propagate
AIS,
which
could
also
explain
wide
phenotypic
variation
in
disorder.
A
better
understanding
underlying
aetiological
mechanisms
help
establish
diagnosis
earlier
more
accurate
prediction
deformity
progression.
This,
turn,
would
prompt
imaging
therapeutic
intervention
appropriate
time,
thereby
achieving
best
clinical
outcome
this
group
patients.
Cite
article:
Bone
Joint
J
2022;104-B(8):915-921.
Progress in Retinal and Eye Research,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
95, С. 101136 - 101136
Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2022
Glaucoma
is
a
leading
cause
of
irreversible
blindness
worldwide
and
characterized
by
slow,
progressive,
multifactorial
degeneration
retinal
ganglion
cells
(RGCs)
their
axons,
resulting
in
vision
loss.
Despite
its
high
prevalence
individuals
60
years
age
older,
the
causing
factors
contributing
to
glaucoma
progression
are
currently
not
well
characterized.
Intraocular
pressure
(IOP)
only
proven
treatable
risk
factor.
However,
lowering
IOP
insufficient
for
preventing
disease
progression.
One
significant
interests
pathogenesis
understanding
structural
functional
impairment
mitochondria
RGCs
axons
synapses.
Glaucomatous
such
as
elevation,
aging,
genetic
variation,
neuroinflammation,
neurotrophic
factor
deprivation,
vascular
dysregulation,
potential
inducers
mitochondrial
dysfunction
glaucoma.
Because
oxidative
phosphorylation
stress-mediated
associated
with
glaucomatous
RGCs,
underlying
mechanisms
relationship
between
alterations
would
be
beneficial
developing
mitochondria-related
neuroprotection
synapses
against
neurodegeneration.
Here,
we
review
current
studies
focusing
on
dynamics-based
therapeutic
strategies
protect
