Host diet and evolutionary history explain different aspects of gut microbiome diversity among vertebrate clades

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Май 16, 2019

Abstract Multiple factors modulate microbial community assembly in the vertebrate gut, though studies disagree as to their relative contribution. One cause may be a reliance on captive animals, which can have very different gut microbiomes compared wild counterparts. To resolve this disagreement, we analyze new, large, and highly diverse animal distal 16 S rRNA microbiome dataset, comprises 80% animals includes members of Mammalia, Aves, Reptilia, Amphibia, Actinopterygii. We decouple effects host evolutionary history diet diversity show that each factor modulates aspects diversity. Moreover, particular taxa associated with phylogeny or Mammalia stronger signal cophylogeny. Finally, find environmental filtering microbe-microbe interactions differ among clades. These findings provide robust assessment processes driving intestine.

Язык: Английский

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Conservation biology needs a microbial renaissance: a call for the consideration of host-associated microbiota in wildlife management practices

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 286(1895), С. 20182448 - 20182448

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2019

The central aim of conservation biology is to understand and mitigate the effects human activities on biodiversity. To successfully achieve this objective, researchers must take an interdisciplinary approach that fully considers effects, both direct indirect, anthropogenic disturbances wildlife physiology health. A recent surge in research has revealed host-associated microbiota—the archaeal, bacterial, fungal viral communities residing inside organisms—profoundly influence animal health, these microbial can be drastically altered by activities. Therefore, practitioners should consider disruption diversity as a serious threat populations. Despite tremendous potential for microbiome improve outcomes, few efforts have been made truly integrate fields. In review, we call renaissance biology, where biodiversity microbiota recognized essential component management practices. Using evidence from existing literature, will examine known approaches maintaining objectives.

Язык: Английский

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Microbiota and the social brain

Science, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 366(6465)

Опубликована: Окт. 31, 2019

Sociability can facilitate mutually beneficial outcomes such as division of labor, cooperative care, and increased immunity, but sociability also promote negative outcomes, including aggression coercion. Accumulating evidence suggests that symbiotic microorganisms, specifically the microbiota reside within gastrointestinal system, may influence neurodevelopment programming social behaviors across diverse animal species. This relationship between host microbes hints host-microbiota interactions have influenced evolution behaviors. Indeed, is used by certain species a means to communication among conspecifics. Further understanding how brain in nature be helpful for elucidating causal mechanisms underlying generating new therapeutic strategies disorders humans, autism spectrum (ASDs).

Язык: Английский

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The Effects of Captivity on the Mammalian Gut Microbiome

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 57(4), С. 690 - 704

Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2017

Recent studies increasingly note the effect of captivity or built environment on microbiome humans and other animals. As symbiotic microbes are essential to many aspects biology (e.g., digestive immune functions), it is important understand how lifestyle differences can impact microbiome, and, consequently, health hosts. Animals living in experience a range changes that may influence gut bacteria, such as diet changes, treatments, reduced contact with individuals, species variable environmental substrates act sources bacterial diversity. Thus far, initial results from previous point pattern decreased diversity captive However, these relatively limited scope have been examined. Here we present dataset includes paired wild samples mammalian taxa across six Orders investigate generalizable patterns effects bacteria. In comparing condition, our indicate alpha bacteria remains consistent some hosts (bovids, giraffes, anteaters, aardvarks), declines condition (canids, primates, equids), increases one host taxon (rhinoceros). Differences beta between state were observed for most surveyed, except even-toed ungulates (bovids giraffes). Additionally, variation was also strongly influenced by taxonomic group, type, fermentation physiology. Bacterial demonstrated larger shifts relative abundance states included members Firmicutes Bacteroidetes. Overall, observe will inform disciplines veterinary practice breeding efforts biological conservation. Furthermore, persist provide unique insight into relationships host.

Язык: Английский

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The human microbiome in evolution

BMC Biology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2017

The trillions of microbes living in the gut—the gut microbiota—play an important role human biology and disease. While much has been done to explore its diversity, a full understanding our microbiomes demands evolutionary perspective. In this review, we compare from populations, placing them context humanity’s near distant animal relatives. We discuss potential mechanisms generate host-specific microbiome configurations consequences disrupting those configurations. Finally, propose that broader phylogenetic perspective is useful for underlying human–microbiome interactions.

Язык: Английский

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Evolutionary trends in host physiology outweigh dietary niche in structuring primate gut microbiomes

The ISME Journal, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 13(3), С. 576 - 587

Опубликована: Июль 11, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Microbiome of Pacific Whiteleg shrimp reveals differential bacterial community composition between Wild, Aquacultured and AHPND/EMS outbreak conditions

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 12, 2017

Abstract Crustaceans form the second largest subphylum on Earth, which includes Litopeneaus vannamei (Pacific whiteleg shrimp), one of most cultured shrimp worldwide. Despite efforts to study microbiota, little is known about it from obtained open sea and role that aquaculture plays in microbiota remodeling. Here, hepatopancreas intestine wild type (wt) aquacultured pond sediment hatcheries were characterized using sequencing seven hypervariable regions 16S rRNA gene. Cultured with AHPND/EMS disease symptoms also included. We found (i) their predicted metagenomic functions different between wt shrimp; (ii) independent source, was different; (iii) microbial diversity intestines similar; (iv) associated an early development disease, we changes microbiome appearance disease-specific bacteria. Notably, under conditions, identified bacterial taxa enriched healthy shrimp, such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Pantoea agglomerans , communities diseased Aeromonas taiwanensis Simiduia agarivorans Photobacterium angustum .

Язык: Английский

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The microbiome in threatened species conservation

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 229, С. 85 - 98

Опубликована: Ноя. 24, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Evolutionary Biology Needs Wild Microbiomes

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 8

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2017

The microbiome is a vital component to the evolution of host and much what we know about derives from studies on humans captive animals. But captivity alters mammals have unique biological adaptations that affect their microbiomes (e.g., milk). Birds represent over 30% known tetrapod diversity possess own suite relevant microbiome. In previous study, showed 59 species bird displayed immense variation in (bird) taxonomy ecology were most correlated with gut this Frontiers Focused Review, I put those results broader context by discussing how collecting analyzing wild contributes main goals evolutionary biology specific ways birds are microbial hosts. Finally, outline some methodological considerations for adding sampling research animals urge researchers do so. To truly understand host, need millions microorganisms inhabit it as well: needs microbiomes.

Язык: Английский

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The wild side of plant microbiomes

Microbiome, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 6(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2018

Язык: Английский

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