Geological and climatic influences on mountain biodiversity

Nature Geoscience, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 11(10), С. 718 - 725

Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Evolutionary history of the angiosperm flora of China

Nature, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 554(7691), С. 234 - 238

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Ancient orogenic and monsoon-driven assembly of the world’s richest temperate alpine flora

Science, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 369(6503), С. 578 - 581

Опубликована: Июль 30, 2020

Origins of an alpine flora The evolution high mountain floras is strongly influenced by tectonic and climatic history. Ding et al. document the timing, tempo, mode which world's most species-rich flora, that Tibet-Himalaya-Hengduan region, was assembled. Alpine assemblages in region are older than previously thought, with lineages tracing their ancestry to early Oligocene—older any other modern system. species diversified faster during periods orogeny intensification Asian monsoon, Hengduan Mountains—the area this region—played a key biogeographic role as location earliest pulse diversification Oligocene. Science , issue p. 578

Язык: Английский

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Why mountains matter for biodiversity

Journal of Biogeography, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 47(2), С. 315 - 325

Опубликована: Ноя. 11, 2019

Abstract Mountains are arguably Earth's most striking features. They play a major role in determining global and regional climates, the source of rivers, act as cradles, barriers bridges for species, crucial survival sustainability many human societies. The complexity mountains is tightly associated with high biodiversity, but processes underlying this association poorly known. Solving puzzle requires researchers to generate more primary data, better integrate available geological climatic data into biological models diversity evolution. In perspective, we highlight emerging insights, which stress importance mountain building through time generator reservoir biodiversity. We also discuss recently proposed parallels between surface uplift, habitat formation species diversification. exemplify these links other factors, such Quaternary variations, may have obscured some mountain‐building evidence due erosion processes. Biological evolution complex build‐up certainly not only explanation, probably intertwined than us realize. overall conclusion that geology sets stage speciation, where ecological interactions, adaptive non‐adaptive radiations stochastic together increase Further integration fields yield novel robust insights.

Язык: Английский

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Origins and evolution of plant diversity in the Hengduan Mountains, China

Plant Diversity, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 39(4), С. 161 - 166

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2017

The Hengduan Mountains region (HDM) in southwest China, one of the earth's 34 biodiversity hotspots, is characterized by its unique geology, dramatic topography, a climate where snow and below freezing temperatures can occur on any day year, location at elevations averaging between (1400–) 2000 4500 (–5300) meters above sea level (m a.s.l.), richest floras temperate Northern Hemisphere. formation evolution plant diversity area uplift Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) were synchronous (Sun, 2002, Sun Li, 2003). During geological history, as part QTP, was still Tethys Sea or coast late Cretaceous (Zhang, 2012). In early Tertiary, collision Indian plate Eurasia led to retreat QTP entered an era land (Zheng, 2013). From Eocene Oligocene, gradually narrowed continued northward movement. By end had since dropped out main body transformed into environment (the eastern edge QTP) formed north–south asymmetric wavy creases large intervening fault zones (gorges). HDM coincided with process Therefore, flora began development appearance Paleogene. Along environment, underwent change from thermophilic Paleogene xerophytic alpine mid-to Neogene 2002). Additionally, many groups migrated various sources resulting very rich complex flora, which has preserved ways present. After Neogene, global decreased, Quaternary glacial periods. Plant Arctic-Tertiary parts Hemisphere, such Europe N America, suffered devastating destruction number species became extinct, extant these regions becoming poor reduced fragments their former richness (Kubitzki Krutzsch, 1996, Tiffney Manchester, 2001). It therefore difficult for us study origin, differentiation mechanisms earth those areas. diverse habitats HDM, however, relatively little affected climatic processes. They provided optimal conditions diversification take place while same time maintaining refugia plants could ride cycles. events provide integrated framework interpreting evolutionary history flora. Not only are there some ancient remnants relics, but also, more prominently, clades that experienced rapid radiations, forming complete lineages young infraspecific taxa. not natural historical ‘museum’ Cenozoic era, also ‘cradle’ new born flourished. preservation old giving rise resulted incredible made hotspot it today key laboratory origins, dispersal diversity.

Язык: Английский

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The global significance of biodiversity science in China: an overview

National Science Review, Год журнала: 2021, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2021

Biodiversity science in China has seen rapid growth over recent decades, ranging from baseline biodiversity studies to understanding the processes behind evolution across dynamic regions such as Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. We review research, including species catalogues; monitoring; origins, distributions, maintenance and threats biodiversity; biodiversity-related ecosystem function services; ecosystems' responses global change. Next, we identify priority topics offer suggestions priorities for future research China. These include (i) ecology biogeography of Plateau surrounding mountains, that subtropical tropical forests China; (ii) marine inland aquatic (iii) effective conservation management maintain synergies between socio-economic development fulfil China's vision becoming an ecological civilization. In addition, propose three strategies: translate advanced into practice conservation; strengthen capacity building application technologies, high-throughput sequencing, genomics remote sensing; expand international collaborations. Based on progress is well positioned become a leader near future.

Язык: Английский

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Escarpment evolution drives the diversification of the Madagascar flora

Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 383(6683), С. 653 - 658

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2024

Madagascar exhibits high endemic biodiversity that has evolved with sustained and stable rates of speciation over the past several tens millions years. The topography is dominated by a mountainous continental rift escarpment, highest plant diversity rarity found along steep, eastern side this geographic feature. Using process-explicit model, we show precipitation-driven erosion landward retreat high-relief creates transient habitat organization through multiple mechanisms, including catchment expansion, isolation highland remnants, formation topographic barriers. Habitat reconnection on million-year timescale serves as an allopatric pump creating observed biodiversity.

Язык: Английский

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Shifts in plant distributions in response to climate warming in a biodiversity hotspot, the Hengduan Mountains

Journal of Biogeography, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 45(6), С. 1334 - 1344

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2018

Abstract Aims It has been assumed that montane species will undergo upslope shifts in response to climate warming and their range sizes are therefore predicted decrease. However, this view challenged because a recent study (Elsen & Tingley, ) indicated land surface area increases with increasing altitude some mountains. To test prediction, we used one of the world's biodiversity hotspots as system examine overall patterns plant distribution shift warming. Location The Hengduan Mountains adjacent regions. Methods Based on data for 151 at resolution 2.5 arc minutes, employed ecological niche modelling model distributions under climatic conditions Last Glacial Maximum, Current (2017), 2050 separately. We examined distributional these species, especially respect size, two periods stepwise Results All plants sampled shifted upward during stages, but not only northward, westward or other directions. In contrast expected consistent loss when shifting upward, 63.6% expanded size continuously since LGM . Only 11.9% contracted from 2050. Estimates richness regions studied changed greatly, an unbalanced manner, Main conclusions Numerous expand they Our results highlight possibility more available due heterogeneous topography along altitudinal gradients large Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau sensu stricto can mediate These findings crucial estimating future planning protection mountain ecosystems anticipated climate.

Язык: Английский

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Is the East Asian flora ancient or not?

National Science Review, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 5(6), С. 920 - 932

Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2017

Abstract The East Asian flora (EAF) is a key biodiversity hotspot for understanding the origin and evolution of Northern Hemisphere floras, but there an ongoing debate on whether it museum or cradle seed plants. Within EAF, two main Sino-Himalayan Flora (mainly Rhododendron Flora) Sino-Japanese Metasequoia Flora), have been recognized. Previous studies suggested that EAF ancient older than Flora. To test this hypothesis, we synthesized molecular as well fossil data plants, focusing biogeographical origins historical EAF. We compared ages its constituent examined impact monsoon other environmental changes development through meta-analysis. Our results suggest might be relatively young, with most clades originating since Miocene. are probably similar age. formation factors driven In Flora, north-south mountain chains increased concentration species reduced extinction, barriers between east west resulted in differentiation, which triggered to become diversity center. appears multiple origins, having closely affiliated not only floras Hemisphere, also Gondwanan floras.

Язык: Английский

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Mountains as Evolutionary Arenas: Patterns, Emerging Approaches, Paradigm Shifts, and Their Implications for Plant Phylogeographic Research in the Tibeto-Himalayan Region

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 10

Опубликована: Март 18, 2019

Recently, the "mountain-geobiodiversity hypothesis" (MGH) was proposed as a key concept for explaining high levels of biodiversity found in mountain regions Tibeto-Himalayan region (THR), which comprises Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, Himalayas, and hotspot known "Mountains Southwest China" (Hengduan Mountains region). In addition to MGH, covers entire life span system, complementary concept, so-called "flickering connectivity system" (FCS) recently period Quaternary. The FCS focuses on dynamics alpine ecosystems caused by drastic climatic changes during past ca. 2.6 million years, emphasizing that fragmentation allopatric speciation are not sole factors accelerated evolution species richness endemism mountains. I here provide review current state knowledge concerning geological uplift, Quaternary glaciation, main phylogeographic patterns ("contraction/recolonization", "platform refugia/local expansion", "microrefugia") seed plant THR. addition, make specific suggestions future avenues research should take into account basis fundamentals presented MGH FCS, related paradigm shifts.

Язык: Английский

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