Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
36(37)
Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2023
Abstract
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
cell‐secreted
biological
nanoparticles
that
critical
mediators
of
intercellular
communication.
They
contain
diverse
bioactive
components,
which
promising
diagnostic
biomarkers
and
therapeutic
agents.
Their
nanosized
membrane‐bound
structures
innate
ability
to
transport
functional
cargo
across
major
barriers
make
them
candidates
as
drug
delivery
vehicles.
However,
the
complex
biology
heterogeneity
EVs
pose
significant
challenges
for
their
controlled
actionable
applications
in
diagnostics
therapeutics.
Recently,
DNA
molecules
with
high
biocompatibility
emerge
excellent
blocks
surface
engineering
EVs.
The
robust
Watson–Crick
base
pairing
resulting
programmable
nanomaterials
provide
EV
precise
structural
customization
adjustable
physical
chemical
properties,
creating
unprecedented
opportunities
biomedical
applications.
This
review
focuses
on
recent
advances
utilization
engineer
surfaces.
biology,
function,
summarized
state‐of‐the‐art
achievements
isolation,
analysis,
based
introduced.
Finally,
new
frontiers
discussed.
Abstract
In
recent
decades,
research
on
Extracellular
Vesicles
(EVs)
has
gained
prominence
in
the
life
sciences
due
to
their
critical
roles
both
health
and
disease
states,
offering
promising
applications
diagnosis,
drug
delivery,
therapy.
However,
inherent
heterogeneity
complex
origins
pose
significant
challenges
preparation,
analysis,
subsequent
clinical
application.
This
review
is
structured
provide
an
overview
of
biogenesis,
composition,
various
sources
EVs,
thereby
laying
groundwork
for
a
detailed
discussion
contemporary
techniques
preparation
analysis.
Particular
focus
given
state‐of‐the‐art
technologies
that
employ
microfluidic
non‐microfluidic
platforms
EV
processing.
Furthermore,
this
discourse
extends
into
innovative
approaches
incorporate
artificial
intelligence
cutting‐edge
electrochemical
sensors,
with
particular
emphasis
single
proposes
current
outlines
prospective
avenues
future
research.
The
objective
motivate
researchers
innovate
expand
methods
analysis
fully
unlocking
biomedical
potential.
Bioactive Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
38, С. 1 - 30
Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2024
Characterized
by
their
pivotal
roles
in
cell-to-cell
communication,
cell
proliferation,
and
immune
regulation
during
tissue
repair,
exosomes
have
emerged
as
a
promising
avenue
for
"cell-free
therapy"
clinical
applications.
Hydrogels,
possessing
commendable
biocompatibility,
degradability,
adjustability,
physical
properties
akin
to
biological
tissues,
also
found
extensive
utility
engineering
regenerative
repair.
The
synergistic
combination
of
hydrogels
holds
the
potential
not
only
enhance
efficiency
but
collaboratively
advance
repair
process.
This
review
has
summarized
advancements
made
over
past
decade
research
hydrogel-exosome
systems
regenerating
various
tissues
including
skin,
bone,
cartilage,
nerves
tendons,
with
focus
on
methods
encapsulating
releasing
within
hydrogels.
It
critically
examined
gaps
limitations
current
research,
whilst
proposed
future
directions
applications
this
innovative
approach.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
63(14)
Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2024
Immunotherapy
faces
insufficient
immune
activation
and
limited
effectiveness.
Herein,
we
report
a
smart
DNA
hydrogel
that
enables
the
release
of
multivalent
functional
units
at
tumor
site
to
enhance
efficacy
immunotherapy.
The
was
assembled
from
two
types
ultra-long
chains
synthesized
via
rolling
circle
amplification.
One
chain
contained
adjuvant
CpG
oligonucleotides
polyaptamers
for
loading
natural
killer
cell-derived
exosomes;
other
G-quadruplex
photodynamic
agents.
formed
through
base-pairing.
HhaI
restriction
endonuclease
sites
were
designed
between
units.
Upon
stimuli
in
sites,
effectively
cleaved
by
released
disassembled
into
Natural
exosomes
played
an
anti-tumor
role,
oligonucleotide
activated
antigen-presenting
cells
Besides
tumor-killing
effect
therapy,
generated
cellular
debris
acted
as
antigen
further
immunotherapeutic
effect.
In
mouse
melanoma
orthotopic
model,
localized
therapeutic
agent,
achieved
remarkable
suppression
rate
91.2
%.
exhibited
enhanced
synergistic
immunotherapy
expanding
application
materials
biomedicine.
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
22(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2024
Abstract
Hydrogels
are
a
class
of
highly
absorbent
and
easily
modified
polymer
materials
suitable
for
use
as
slow-release
carriers
drugs.
Gene
therapy
is
specific
can
overcome
the
limitations
traditional
tissue
engineering
techniques
has
significant
advantages
in
repair.
However,
therapeutic
genes
often
affected
by
cellular
barriers
enzyme
sensitivity,
carrier
loading
essential.
Therapeutic
gene
hydrogels
well
these
difficulties.
Moreover,
gene-therapeutic
have
made
considerable
progress.
This
review
summarizes
recent
research
on
treatment
damage
through
summary
most
current
frontiers.
We
initially
introduce
classification
their
cross-linking
methods,
followed
detailed
overview
types
modifications
genes,
discussion
characterization
features,
design
release,
an
applications
engineering.
Finally,
we
provide
comments
look
forward
to
shortcomings
future
directions
therapy.
hope
that
this
article
will
researchers
related
fields
with
more
comprehensive
systematic
strategies
repair
further
promote
development
field
Graphical
abstract
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
62(50)
Опубликована: Окт. 31, 2023
Aberrant
expressions
of
biomolecules
occur
much
earlier
than
tumor
visualized
size
and
morphology
change,
but
their
common
measurement
strategies
such
as
biopsy
suffer
from
invasive
sampling
process.
In
vivo
imaging
slight
biomolecule
expression
difference
is
urgently
needed
for
early
cancer
detection.
Fluorescence
rare
earth
nanoparticles
(RENPs)
in
second
near-infrared
(NIR-II)
region
makes
them
appropriate
tool
imaging.
However,
the
incapacity
to
couple
with
signal
amplification
strategies,
especially
programmable
limited
application
lowly
expressed
biomarkers
Here
we
develop
a
980/808
nm
NIR
programmed
microRNAs
(miRNAs)
magnifier
by
conjugating
activatable
DNAzyme
walker
set
RENPs,
which
achieves
more
effective
NIR-II
stage
monitoring
technique.
Dye
FD1080
(FD1080)
modified
substrate
DNA
quenches
downconversion
emission
RENPs
under
808
excitation.
The
miRNA
recognition
sealed
photo-cleavable
strand
avoid
"false
positive"
systemic
circulation.
Upconversion
980
irradiation
activates
amplifies
fluorescence
recovery
via
catalytic
reaction
achieve
This
strategy
demonstrates
good
potential
field
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
36(7)
Опубликована: Окт. 11, 2023
Abstract
In
recent
years,
DNA
has
emerged
as
a
fascinating
building
material
to
engineer
hydrogel
due
its
excellent
programmability,
which
gained
considerable
attention
in
biomedical
applications.
Understanding
the
structure–property
relationship
and
underlying
molecular
determinants
of
is
essential
precisely
tailor
macroscopic
properties
at
level.
this
review,
rational
design
principles
networks
based
on
dynamics
polymers
temporal
scale,
can
be
engineered
via
backbone
rigidity
crosslinking
kinetics,
are
highlighted.
By
elucidating
mechanisms
theories,
it
aimed
provide
comprehensive
overview
how
tunable
kinetics
lead
desirable
hydrogels,
including
mechanical
properties,
diffusive
permeability,
swelling
behaviors,
dynamic
features.
Furthermore,
also
discussed
make
hydrogels
promising
candidates
for
applications,
such
cell
culture,
tissue
engineering,
bio‐sensing,
drug
delivery.
ACS Nano,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
18(25), С. 16113 - 16125
Опубликована: Июнь 10, 2024
Urinary
extracellular
vesicles
(uEVs)
are
regarded
as
highly
promising
liquid-biopsy
biomarkers
for
the
early
diagnosis
and
prognosis
of
bladder
cancer
(BC).
However,
detection
uEVs
remains
technically
challenging
owing
to
their
huge
heterogeneity
ultralow
abundance
in
real
samples.
We
herein
present
a
choline
phosphate-grafted
platinum
nanozyme
(Pt@CP)
that
acts
universal
EV
probe
construction
high-throughput
high-sensitivity
immunoassay,
which
allowed
multiplex
profiling
uEV
protein
markers
BC
detection.
With
Pt@CP-based
immunoassays,
three
(MUC-1,
CCDC25,
GLUT1)
were
identified
BC,
by
cases
(n
=
48),
cystitis
patients
27),
healthy
donors
24)
discriminated
with
high
clinical
sensitivity
specificity
(area
under
curve
98.3%).
For
9)
after
surgery,
immunoassay
could
report
postoperative
residual
tumor
cannot
be
observed
cystoscopy,
is
clinically
significant
assessing
recurrence.
This
work
provides
generally
detection,
facilitating
discovery
use
EV-based
biomarkers.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
146(30), С. 20685 - 20699
Опубликована: Июль 16, 2024
The
primer-guided
entropy-driven
high-throughput
evolution
of
the
DNA-based
constitutional
dynamic
network,
CDN,
is
introduced.
entropy
gain
associated
with
process
provides
a
catalytic
principle
for
amplified
emergence
CDN.
concept
applied
to
develop
programmable,
spatially
localized
DNA
circuit
effective
in
vitro
and
vivo
theranostic,
gene-regulated
treatment
cancer
cells.
consists
tetrahedron
core
modified
at
its
corners
four
tethers
that
include
encoded
base
sequences
exhibiting
capacity
emerge
assemble
into
[2
×
2]
Two
are
caged
by
pair
siRNA
subunits,
blocking
mute,
dynamically
inactive
configuration.
In
presence
miRNA-21
as
primer,
subunits
displaced,
resulting
release
siRNAs
silencing
HIF-1α
mRNA
fast
reconfiguration
CDN
is,
however,
engineered
be
reconfigured
miRNA-155
an
equilibrated
mixture
enriched
DNAzyme
component,
catalyzing
cleavage
EGR-1
mRNA.
nanostructure
stimulates
enhanced
permeation
miRNA-triggered
leads
cooperative
bis-gene-silencing
mRNAs,
selective
apoptosis
breast
cells
inhibition
tumors
tumor
bearing
mice.
JACS Au,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
4(2), С. 318 - 327
Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2024
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
lipid
bilayer-enclosed
nanopouches
generated
by
all
cells
and
abundant
in
various
body
fluids.
Depending
on
the
parent
recipient
cells,
EVs
exchange
diverse
constituents
including
nucleic
acids,
proteins,
carbohydrates,
metabolites.
Morphologically,
suffer
from
low
zeta
potentials
short
circulation
times,
but
they
also
offer
intrinsic
immunogenicity
inherent
stability.
Some
crucial
factors
for
effective
clinical
application
of
include
controlling
immune
system
clearance,
achieving
large-scale
production
with
efficient
quality
control,
determining
dominant
mechanism
