Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2024
Immunotherapy
is
renowned
for
its
capacity
to
elicit
anti-infective
and
anti-cancer
effects
by
harnessing
immune
responses
microbial
components
bolstering
innate
healing
mechanisms
through
a
cascade
of
immunological
reactions.
Specifically,
mammalian
Toll-like
receptors
(TLRs)
have
been
identified
as
key
responsible
detecting
components.
The
discovery
these
has
clarified
antigen
recognition
the
system.
It
furnished
molecular
foundation
comprehending
interplay
between
immunity
anti-tumor
or
capabilities.
Moreover,
accumulating
evidence
highlights
crucial
role
TLRs
in
maintaining
tissue
homeostasis.
also
become
evident
that
TLR-expressing
macrophages
play
central
participating
clearance
foreign
substances,
repair,
establishment
new
tissue.
This
macrophage
network,
centered
on
macrophages,
significantly
contributes
healing.
review
will
primarily
delve
into
immunity,
specifically
focusing
substances
targeting
TLR4.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025
Biological
sex
is
closely
associated
with
the
properties
and
extent
of
immune
response,
males
females
showing
different
susceptibilities
to
diseases
variations
in
immunity.
Androgens,
predominantly
males,
generally
suppress
responses,
while
estrogens,
more
abundant
females,
tend
enhance
It
also
established
that
hormones
at
least
partially
explain
biases
diseases,
particularly
autoimmune
females.
These
differences
are
influenced
by
hormonal,
genetic,
environmental
factors,
vary
throughout
life
stages.
The
advent
gender-affirming
hormone
therapy
offers
a
novel
opportunity
study
immunological
effects
hormones.
Despite
limited
studies
on
this
topic,
available
research
has
revealed
testosterone
transgender
men
may
certain
functions,
such
as
type
I
interferon
increasing
inflammation
markers
like
TNF-α.
Transgender
women
estrogen
experience
alterations
coagulation-related
inflammatory
characteristics.
Furthermore,
other
possible
regulation
can
be
inferred
from
assessment
individuals
receiving
therapy.
Understanding
complex
interactions
between
system,
through
unique
perspective
offered
therapies,
facilitate
development
targeted
therapies
for
infections
improving
healthcare
outcomes
individuals.
Here
we
review
dynamics
both
sexes
provide
summary
findings
drawn
exploring
Acta Biomaterialia,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
Although
reperfusion
is
the
most
effective
treatment
for
acute
ischemic
stroke,
it
often
results
in
serious
secondary
ischemia/reperfusion
(I/R)
injury
due
to
oxidative
stress.
This
stress
primarily
from
overproduction
of
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
during
which,
turn,
largely
induced
by
high
expression
NADPH
oxidase
4
(NOX4).
Inhibiting
NOX4
gene
has
therefore
been
proposed
as
a
direct
approach
reduce
ROS
production
and
promote
angiogenesis.
Recognizing
both
potential
siRNA-based
therapies
selective
silencing
critical
role
neutrophil-endothelial
interactions
I/R
injury,
here
we
present
unique
therapeutic
where
neutrophil-like
cell
membrane
coated
porous
metal-organic
framework
nanoparticles
are
loaded
with
siNOX4
(M-MOF-siNOX4)
designed
target
damaged
brain
microvascular
tissue.
These
then
mitigate
suppressing
expression.
Using
an
vitro
oxygen-glucose
deprivation/re-oxygenation
model,
demonstrate
that
M-MOF-siNOX4
specifically
bind
activated
endothelial
cells,
effectively
reducing
expression,
decreasing
apoptosis,
restoring
viability.
Use
vivo
mouse
model
middle
cerebral
artery
occlusion
further
confirmed
substantially
alleviate
damage
protect
neurological
function
following
stroke.
Taken
together,
our
study
presents
innovative
strategy
stroke
therapy.
STATEMENT
OF
SIGNIFICANCE:
Ischemia/reperfusion
major
complication
driven
excessive
(ROS).
Current
treatments
targeting
death
lack
specificity,
leading
off-target
effects.
introduces
nanoparticle-based
therapy
using
membrane-coated
frameworks
(MOFs)
deliver
siNOX4,
siRNA
NOX4,
key
ROS-producing
enzyme.
enhances
targeted
delivery,
reduces
death,
significantly
improves
recovery
models.
By
overcoming
limitations
existing
therapies,
this
holds
strong
revolutionizing
addressing
other
disorders
related
New England Journal of Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2024
Severe
hemophilia
A
is
managed
with
factor
VIII
replacement
or
hemostatic
products
that
stop
prevent
bleeding.
Data
on
gene
therapy
hematopoietic
stem-cell
(HSC)-based
expression
of
for
the
treatment
severe
are
lacking.
Biophysical Journal,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
123(15), С. 2234 - 2255
Опубликована: Май 23, 2024
The
adaptive
immune
response
is
orchestrated
by
just
two
cell
types,
T
cells
and
B
cells.
Both
possess
the
remarkable
ability
to
recognize
virtually
any
antigen
through
their
respective
receptors-the
receptor
(TCR)
(BCR).
Despite
extensive
investigations
into
biochemical
signaling
events
triggered
recognition
in
these
cells,
our
predict
or
control
outcome
of
activation
remains
elusive.
This
challenge
compounded
sensitivity
biophysical
properties
antigens
presenting
them-a
phenomenon
we
are
beginning
understand.
Recent
insights
underscore
central
role
mechanical
forces
this
process,
governing
conformation,
activity,
spatial
organization
TCRs
BCRs
within
membrane,
ultimately
eliciting
distinct
cellular
responses.
Traditionally,
have
been
studied
independently,
with
researchers
working
parallel
decipher
mechanisms
activation.
While
unveiled
many
overlaps
how
types
sense
respond
antigens,
notable
differences
exist.
To
fully
grasp
biology
harness
it
for
therapeutic
purposes,
distinctions
must
be
considered.
review
compares
contrasts
TCR
BCR,
placing
emphasis
on
force
regulating
activity
both
receptors
shape
humoral
