The Indissociable Triad: Vascular Impairment, Muscle Atrophy, and Cognitive Decline

Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2024

The triad of vascular impairment, muscle atrophy, and cognitive decline represents critical age-related conditions that significantly impact health. Vascular impairment disrupts blood flow, precipitating mass reduction seen in sarcopenia the neuronal functions characteristic neurodegeneration. Our limited understanding intricate relationships within this hinders accurate diagnosis effective treatment strategies. This review ana-lyzes interrelated mechanisms contribute to these conditions, with a specific focus on ox-idative stress, chronic inflammation, impaired nutrient delivery. aim is understand common pathways involved suggest comprehensive therapeutic approaches. dysfunctions hinder circulation transportation nutrients, resulting sar-copenia characterized by atrophy weakness. dysfunction have negative physical function quality life. Neurodegenerative diseases exhibit comparable pathophysiological affect motor functions. Preventive approaches encompass lifestyle adjustments, addressing oxidative in-flammation, integrated therapies improving muscular well-being. Better links can refine strategies yield better patient out-comes. study emphasizes complex interplay between dysfunction, de-generation, decline, highlighting necessity for multidisciplinary ap-proaches. Advances domain promise improved diagnostic accuracy, more thera-peutic options, enhanced preventive measures, all contributing higher life elderly population.

Язык: Английский

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Curcumin: A Golden Approach to Healthy Aging: A Systematic Review of the Evidence

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(16), С. 2721 - 2721

Опубликована: Авг. 15, 2024

Aging-related disorders pose significant challenges due to their complex interplay of physiological and metabolic factors, including inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction. Curcumin, a natural compound with potent antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties, has emerged as promising candidate for mitigating these age-related processes. However, gaps in understanding the precise mechanisms curcumin’s effects optimal dosages different conditions necessitate further investigation. This systematic review synthesizes current evidence on potential addressing disorders, emphasizing its impact cognitive function, neurodegeneration, muscle health older adults. By evaluating safety, efficacy, action curcumin supplementation, this aims provide insights into therapeutic promoting healthy aging. A search across three databases using specific keywords yielded 2256 documents, leading selection 15 clinical trials synthesis. Here, we highlight multifaceted agent combating disorders. The findings suggest that could offer effective approach enhancing quality life aging individuals. Further research well-designed are essential validate optimize use personalized medicine approaches conditions.

Язык: Английский

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Oxidative and Excitatory Neurotoxic Stresses in CRISPR/Cas9-Induced Kynurenine Aminotransferase Knockout Mice: A Novel Model for Despair-Based Depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 30(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025

Backgrounds: Memory and emotion are especially vulnerable to psychiatric disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is linked disruptions in serotonin (5-HT) metabolism. Over 90% of the 5-HT precursor tryptophan (Trp) metabolized via Trp-kynurenine (KYN) metabolic pathway, generates a variety bioactive molecules. Dysregulation KYN metabolism, particularly low levels kynurenic acid (KYNA), appears be neuropsychiatric disorders. The majority KYNA produced by aadat (kat2) gene-encoded mitochondrial kynurenine aminotransferase (KAT) isotype 2. Little known about consequences deleting enzyme gene. Methods: In CRISPR/Cas9-induced knockout (kat2-/-) mice, we examined effects on emotion, memory, motor function, Trp its metabolite levels, activities plasma urine 8-week-old males compared wild-type mice. Results: Transgenic mice showed more depressive-like behaviors forced swim test, but not tail suspension, anxiety, or memory tests. They also had fewer center field corner entries, shorter walking distances, jumping counts open test. Plasma generally consistent with those urine: antioxidant KYNs, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, indole-3-acetic were lower; KATs, kynureninase, monoamine oxidase/aldehyde dehydrogenase lower, 3-monooxygenase was higher; oxidative excitotoxicity indices higher. displayed depression-like behavior learned helplessness model, emotional indifference, deficits, coupled decrease KYNA, shift metabolism toward KYN-3-hydroxykynurenine partial gut microbial Trp-indole pathway metabolite. Conclusions: This first evidence that gene induces uniquely experiences despair, appear associated excitatory neurotoxic stresses. may lead development double-hit preclinical model despair-based depression, better understanding these complex conditions, effective therapeutic strategies elucidating relationship between PTSD pathogenesis.

Язык: Английский

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Valorisation of fruit waste for harnessing the bioactive compounds and its therapeutic application

Trends in Food Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 144, С. 104302 - 104302

Опубликована: Дек. 17, 2023

Язык: Английский

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The Therapeutic Potential of Bee Venom-Derived Apamin and Mellitin Conjugates in Cancer Treatment: A Systematic Review

Pharmacological Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 107430 - 107430

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: The Influence of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Mitochondrial Dysfunctions, and the Role of Polyphenols

Pharmaceuticals, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(10), С. 1354 - 1354

Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2024

Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) is a clinical-pathological scenario that occurs due to the accumulation of triglycerides in hepatocytes which considered significant cause liver conditions and contributes an increased risk death worldwide. Even though possible causes MAFLD can involve interaction genetics, hormones, nutrition, lifestyle (diet sedentary lifestyle) most influential factor developing this condition. Polyphenols comprise many natural chemical compounds be helpful managing metabolic diseases. Therefore, aim review was investigate impact oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, role polyphenols MAFLD. Some reverse part damage related or among them are anthocyanin, baicalin, catechin, curcumin, chlorogenic acid, didymin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, luteolin, mangiferin, puerarin, punicalagin, resveratrol, silymarin. These have actions reducing plasma enzymes, body mass index, waist circumference, adipose visceral indices, lipids, glycated hemoglobin, insulin resistance, HOMA index. They also reduce nuclear factor-KB (NF-KB), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), blood pressure, fat content, steatosis fibrosis. On other hand, they improve HDL-c, adiponectin levels, fibrogenesis markers. results show promising prevention treatment

Язык: Английский

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Vascular Impairment, Muscle Atrophy, and Cognitive Decline: Critical Age-Related Conditions

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(9), С. 2096 - 2096

Опубликована: Сен. 13, 2024

The triad of vascular impairment, muscle atrophy, and cognitive decline represents critical age-related conditions that significantly impact health. Vascular impairment disrupts blood flow, precipitating the mass reduction seen in sarcopenia neuronal function characteristic neurodegeneration. Our limited understanding intricate relationships within this hinders accurate diagnosis effective treatment strategies. This review analyzes interrelated mechanisms contribute to these conditions, with a specific focus on oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, impaired nutrient delivery. aim is understand common pathways involved suggest comprehensive therapeutic approaches. dysfunctions hinder circulation transportation nutrients, resulting characterized by atrophy weakness. dysfunction have negative physical quality life. Neurodegenerative diseases exhibit comparable pathophysiological affect motor functions. Preventive approaches encompass lifestyle adjustments, addressing integrated therapies improving muscular well-being. Better links can refine strategies yield better patient outcomes. study emphasizes complex interplay between dysfunction, degeneration, decline, highlighting necessity for multidisciplinary Advances domain promise improved diagnostic accuracy, more options, enhanced preventive measures, all contributing higher life elderly population.

Язык: Английский

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Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Neuroinflammation Intervention with Medicinal Plants: A Critical and Narrative Review of the Current Literature

Pharmaceuticals, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18(1), С. 133 - 133

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025

Neuroinflammation is a key factor in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, driven by dysregulation molecular pathways and activation brain’s immune system, resulting release pro-inflammatory oxidative molecules. This chronic inflammation exacerbated peripheral leukocyte infiltration into central nervous system. Medicinal plants, with their historical use traditional medicine, have emerged as promising candidates to mitigate neuroinflammation offer sustainable alternative for addressing conditions green healthcare framework. review evaluates effects medicinal plants on neuroinflammation, emphasizing mechanisms action, effective dosages, clinical implications, based systematic search databases such PubMed, SCOPUS, Web Science. The findings highlight that like Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala, Curcuma longa, Cannabis sativa, Dioscorea nipponica reduce cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β), inhibit enzymes (COX-2 iNOS), activate antioxidant pathways, particularly Nrf2. NF-κB primary pathway inhibited across studies. While anti-inflammatory potential these significant, variability dosages phytochemical compositions limits translation. Here, we are modulators underscoring therapeutic potential. Future research should focus animal models, standardized protocols, safety assessments, integrating advanced methodologies, genetic studies nanotechnology, enhance applicability disease management.

Язык: Английский

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The multiple actions of grape and its polyphenols on female reproductive processes with an emphasis on cell signalling

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2024

Grapes are an economically important fruit crop, and their polyphenols (mainly phenolic acids, flavanols, flavonols, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, stilbenes) can exert a wide range of health benefits as interesting valuable dietary supplement for natural complementary therapy. However, potential physiological therapeutic actions on reproductive processes have not been sufficiently elucidated. This evidence-based study presents current knowledge grape extracts polyphenols, well properties therapeutical in relation to female reproduction nutshell. Grape extract, its such resveratrol, proanthocyanidin B2 or delphinidin may influence physiology pathology, regulate multiple signaling pathways related hormones, steroid hormones receptors, intracellular regulators oxidative stress subsequent inflammation, apoptosis, proliferation. Their role the management ovarian cancer, age-related insufficiency, ischemia, PCOS, menopausal syndrome has indicated. In particular, involvement grapeseed and/or steroidogenesis, oocyte maturation, developmental capacity implicated, albeit at different regulatory levels. posing extract focuses various levels signalling by regulating (GnRH, gonadotropins, prolactin, IGFBP), markers proliferation apoptosis. lack standardized dosages so far limits clinical application despite biological potentials.

Язык: Английский

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Fantastic Frogs and Where to Use Them: Unveiling the Hidden Cinobufagin’s Promise in Combating Lung Cancer Development and Progression Through a Systematic Review of Preclinical Evidence

Cancers, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(22), С. 3758 - 3758

Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2024

Cinobufagin (CB), a bufadienolide, has shown promising potential as an anticancer agent, particularly in combating lung cancer. This systematic review synthesizes preclinical evidence on CB's effects against cancer, focusing its mechanisms of action, efficacy, and clinical implications. We analyzed data from various studies involving both vitro cell line models vivo animal models. The reviewed indicate that CB effectively reduces viability, induces apoptosis, inhibits proliferation, migration, invasion across multiple cancer lines xenograft Specifically, was found to decrease viability increase apoptosis cells by modulating key molecular pathways, including Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved caspases, caveolin-1, FLOT2, Akt, STAT3, FOXO1. In further demonstrated significant inhibition tumor growth with minimal toxicity. However, limitations include reliance models, which may not fully represent dynamics, lack long-term safety data. also vary their methodologies accurately encompass all subtypes or predict human responses. Despite these limitations, ability target specific pathways results suggest it could be valuable addition treatment strategies. Our suggests trials validate efficacy humans. Future research should explore combination therapies optimize delivery methods enhance outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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