The dietary inflammatory index, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors and diseases

Obesity Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 27, 2021

Summary An unhealthy diet is a recognized risk factor in the pathophysiology of numerous chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCD), including obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and cardiovascular (CVD). This is, at least part, due to diets causing low‐grade inflammation gut systemically. To characterize inflammatory potential diet, we developed Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®). Following this development, around 500 papers have been published, which examined association between DII, energy‐adjusted DII (E‐DII™), children's (C‐DII™) many NCDs obesity cardiometabolic diseases. Although previous narrative review published 2019 briefly summarized evidence area, there was significant increase on topic since 2020. Therefore, purpose provide an in‐depth updated by all until July 2021 its relationship with T2DM, CVD. Furthermore, aim identify gaps literature future directions for research. Most studies found that associated increased CVD some relationships being sex‐specific. However, identified paucity describing associations dietary T2DM factors. Few used gold‐standard measures We also lack interventional designed change study effect factors recommend such are needed assess if changes representing independently body composition can modulate

Язык: Английский

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Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Mental Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14(13), С. 2568 - 2568

Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2022

Since previous meta-analyses, which were limited only to depression and by a small number of studies available for inclusion at the time publication, several additional have been published assessing link between ultra-processed food consumption as well other mental disorders. We aimed build on previously conducted reviews synthesise meta-analyse contemporary evidence base clarify associations A total 17 observational included (

Язык: Английский

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Low-Grade Inflammation and Ultra-Processed Foods Consumption: A Review

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(6), С. 1546 - 1546

Опубликована: Март 22, 2023

Low-grade inflammation alters the homeostasis of organism and favors onset many chronic diseases. The global growth in prevalence noncommunicable diseases recent years has been accompanied by an increase consumption ultra-processed foods (UPF). Known to be hyperpalatable, economic ready-to-eat, increased UPF already recognized as a risk factor for several Different research groups have tried investigate whether could promote low-grade thus favor development Current evidence highlights adverse health effects characteristics, not only due nutrients provided diet rich UPF, but also non-nutritive components present effect they may on gut health. This review aims summarize available possible relationship between excessive modulation inflammation, potential promoters disease.

Язык: Английский

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Clinical guidelines for the use of lifestyle-based mental health care in major depressive disorder: World Federation of Societies for Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) and Australasian Society of Lifestyle Medicine (ASLM) taskforce

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 24(5), С. 333 - 386

Опубликована: Окт. 6, 2022

Objectives The primary objectives of these international guidelines were to provide a global audience clinicians with (a) series evidence-based recommendations for the provision lifestyle-based mental health care in clinical practice adults Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and (b) implementation considerations that may be applicable across range settings.Methods Recommendations associated gradings based on systematic literature searches published research as well expertise taskforce members. focus was eight lifestyle domains: physical activity exercise, smoking cessation, work-directed interventions, mindfulness-based stress management therapies, diet, sleep, loneliness social support, green space interaction. following electronic bibliographic databases searched articles prior June 2020: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library (Cochrane Database Systematic Reviews, Central Register Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Methodology Register), CINAHL, PsycINFO. Evidence grading level evidence specific MDD risk bias, accordance World Federation Societies Biological Psychiatry criteria.Results Nine formed. highest ratings improve use relaxation techniques, therapies (Grade 2). Interventions related diet recommended, but lower strength 3). regarding cessation support expert opinion. Key included need input from allied professionals networks implement this type approach, importance partnering such behaviour change deliver interventions using biopsychosocial-cultural framework.Conclusions Lifestyle-based are recommended foundational component Disorder, where other can added or used combination. findings further address existing gaps efficacy research, especially emerging approaches (e.g. space, interventions) data limited. Further work is also needed develop innovative delivery models care, training care.

Язык: Английский

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Colorectal Cancer: From Risk Factors to Oncogenesis

Medicina, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 59(9), С. 1646 - 1646

Опубликована: Сен. 12, 2023

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Numerous pathophysiological mechanisms, such as abnormal cell proliferation, differentiation, resistance to apoptosis, invasion structures adjacent colorectal tumor cells, and distant metastasis, are involved in carcinogenesis. These processes initiated by complex interaction a number genetic environmental factors, including sedentary lifestyle, obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, or gut microbiota. Despite significant progress achieved diagnostic therapeutic management patients with cancer, there has been recently noteworthy increase incidence individuals below age 50 years. Early-onset different frequency oncogenic mutations, higher prevalence mucinous histology, distinct deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation profile, more distal location, lower survival rates. A improvement prognosis these can be through detection removal modifiable risk along implementation personalized screening strategies for at high this malignancy. Furthermore, gaining comprehension mechanisms which factors contribute process oncogenesis may facilitate discovery novel targets.

Язык: Английский

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The anti-inflammatory effects of a Mediterranean diet: a review

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 25(6), С. 415 - 422

Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2022

Purpose of review Chronic noncommunicable diseases remain the leading cause morbidity and mortality worldwide majority are preventable with a healthy diet lifestyle, but controversy remains as to best approach. Greater adherence traditional Mediterranean has consistently been associated lower from cardiovascular disease, diabetes many cancers, all-cause mortality. Despite well known benefits on chronic disease risk there some scepticism effects this dietary pattern across populations outside mechanisms action plant-based pattern. This narrative aims summarize latest evidence health protective diseases, specifically focussing anti-inflammatory highly published Recent findings high-quality now supports in secondary prevention impacts atherosclerosis progression, likely through reduction systemic inflammation irrespective changes cholesterol or weight. The low Dietary Inflammatory Index illustrating its potential. beneficially modulates gut microbiota immune system, including emerging for efficacy against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (coronavirus 2019). Emerging shows clinicians not routinely recommending despite due barriers such lack training, patient materials concerns about potential adherence. Summary physiological becoming better understood be multisystem involving gut. Larger controlled trials investigating mechanistic broader non-Mediterranean warranted. Although reflected therapeutic guidelines management individual, clinical practice system implementation that need multisectoral approach address.

Язык: Английский

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Inflammation and response to nutrition interventions

Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 48(1), С. 27 - 36

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Abstract The complex interplay between nutrition and inflammation has become a major focus of research in recent years across different clinical settings patient populations. Inflammation been identified as key driver for disease‐related malnutrition promoting anorexia, reduced food intake, muscle loss, on cellular level, insulin resistance, which together stimulate catabolism. However, these effects may well be bidirectional, there is strong evidence showing that influences inflammation. Several single nutrients dietary patterns with either proinflammatory or anti‐inflammatory properties have studied, such the long‐chain ω‐3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid docosahexaenoic acid. Mediterranean diet combines several shown to improve medical outcomes outpatient setting. In addition, increasing suggesting affects metabolism modulates response support interventions. fact, studies from inpatient setting suggest inflammation, mirrored by high levels C‐reactive protein, diminishes positive support. This explain lack some trials severely ill patients, whereas similar approaches nutritional results less patients. use biomarkers, help identify patients lower nutrition, whom other treatment options need used. There additional understand how best address malnourished specifically lowering through treatments and/or

Язык: Английский

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Obesity and Thyroid Cancer Risk: An Update

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 19(3), С. 1116 - 1116

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2022

Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy worldwide and its incidence has increased dramatically in recent years. In parallel, prevalence of overweight obesity also increased, suggesting a possible link between these two diseases. Indeed, low-grade chronic inflammation, altered cytokine levels, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, hormonal changes that occur obese patients are all factors contribute to occurrence growth TC. this review, evidence supporting potential role mechanisms linking TC will be discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Sleep Duration/Quality With Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Prospective Studies

Frontiers in Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2022

To quantitatively evaluate the evidence of duration and quality sleep as measured by multiple health outcomes.This review is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42021235587. We systematically searched three databases from inception until November 15, 2020. For each meta-analysis, summary effect size using fixed random effects models, 95% confidence interval, prediction interval were assessed; heterogeneity, small-study effects, excess significance bias also estimated. According to above metrics, we evaluated credibility association.A total 85 meta-analyses 36 outcomes included in study. observed highly suggestive for an association between long increased risk all-cause mortality. Moreover, supported associations 5 (stroke, dyslipidaemia, mortality coronary heart disease, stroke mortality, development or death stroke); short overweight and/or obesity; poor diabetes mellitus gestational mellitus.Only was graded suggestive. Additional studies are needed be conducted.Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier:

Язык: Английский

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Higher Ultra-Processed Food Consumption Is Associated with Greater High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Concentration in Adults: Cross-Sectional Results from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14(16), С. 3309 - 3309

Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2022

Background: Few studies have examined associations between ultra-processed food intake and biomarkers of inflammation, inconsistent results been reported in the small number that do exist. As such, further investigation is required. Methods: Cross-sectional baseline data from Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS) were analysed (n = 2018). We applied NOVA classification system to a frequency questionnaire (FFQ) determine (g/day). The outcome was high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentration (hsCRP; mg/L). fitted unadjusted adjusted linear regression analyses, with sociodemographic characteristics lifestyle- health-related behaviours as covariates. Supplementary analyses for body mass index (kg/m2). Sex assessed possible effect modifier. Ultra-processed modelled 100 g increments magnitude expressed estimated relative change hsCRP accompanying 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs). Results: After adjustment, every increase associated 4.0% (95%CIs: 2.1−5.9%, p < 0.001). showed part this association independent (estimated hsCRP: 2.5%; 95%CIs: 0.8−4.3%, 0.004). No interaction observed sex intake. Conclusion: Higher cross-sectionally elevated hsCRP, which appeared occur index. Future prospective intervention are necessary confirm directionality whether causal.

Язык: Английский

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