Reaction-Driven Diffusiophoresis of Liquid Condensates: Potential Mechanisms for Intracellular Organization
ACS Nano,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
18(26), С. 16530 - 16544
Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2024
The
cellular
environment,
characterized
by
its
intricate
composition
and
spatial
organization,
hosts
a
variety
of
organelles,
ranging
from
membrane-bound
ones
to
membraneless
structures
that
are
formed
through
liquid–liquid
phase
separation.
Cells
show
precise
control
over
the
position
such
condensates.
We
demonstrate
organelle
movement
in
external
concentration
gradients,
diffusiophoresis,
is
distinct
one
colloids
because
fluxes
can
remain
finite
inside
liquid-phase
droplets
latter
arises
incompressibility.
Within
domains
diffusiophoresis
naturally
biochemical
reactions
driven
chemical
fuel
produce
waste.
Simulations
analytical
arguments
within
minimal
model
reaction-driven
separation
reveal
directed
stems
two
contributions:
Fuel
waste
refilled
or
extracted
at
boundary,
resulting
which
(i)
induce
product
via
incompressibility
(ii)
result
an
asymmetric
forward
reaction
droplet's
surroundings
(as
well
as
backward
droplet),
thereby
shifting
position.
former
contribution
dominates
sets
direction
movement,
toward
away
source
sink,
depending
on
molecules'
affinity
waste,
respectively.
mechanism
thus
provides
simple
means
organize
condensates
with
different
composition.
Particle-based
simulations
systems
more
complex
cycles
corroborate
robustness
universality
this
mechanism.
Язык: Английский
Charge separation at liquid interfaces
Physical Review Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
6(3)
Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2024
We
present
a
theory
for
phase-separated
liquid
coacervates
with
salt,
taking
into
account
spatial
heterogeneities
and
interfacial
profiles.
find
that
charged
layers
of
alternating
sign
can
form
around
the
interface
while
bulk
phases
remain
approximately
charge
neutral.
show
salt
concentration
regulates
number
amplitude
layer's
density
electrostatic
potential.
Such
either
repel
or
attract
single-charged
molecules
diffusing
across
interface.
Our
could
be
relevant
artificial
systems
biomolecular
condensates
in
cells.
work
suggests
interfaces
mediate
charge-specific
transport
similar
to
membrane-bound
compartments.
Published
by
American
Physical
Society
2024
Язык: Английский
Bursting of condensates
Communications Physics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
7(1)
Опубликована: Май 17, 2024
Abstract
Numerous
biomolecular
shell-forming
condensates
are
reported
in
cells
and
bioengineered
vitro.
The
relationship
between
the
molecular
structure
of
their
biophysical
properties
remains
largely
unexplored.
To
fill
this
gap,
we
characterize
spider
silk
proteins
based
on
Araneus
diadematus
major
ampulla
gland
fibroin
3
(ADF3)
using
micropipette
aspiration.
We
observe
that
can
burst
during
aspiration
like
soap
bubbles
or
polymersomes,
demonstrating
formation
a
dense
protein
layer
(shell)
at
condensate
interface.
tendency
to
is
more
pronounced
for
formed
from
with
weakly
dimerizing
terminal
blocks.
develop
model
analyse
bursting
condensates,
obtain
surface
bulk
viscosity,
estimate
shell
thickness
viscosity.
Understanding
controlling
will
open
avenues
use
materials,
as
compartments
reactions
drug
delivery
systems.
Язык: Английский
Reactive Brownian Dynamics of Chemically Fueled Droplets: Roles of Attraction and Deactivation Modes
The Journal of Physical Chemistry B,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
129(2), С. 626 - 636
Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025
The
self-assembly
of
biological
membraneless
organelles
can
be
mimicked
by
active
droplets
resulting
from
chemically
fueled
microphase
separation.
However,
how
the
nonequilibrium,
transient
structure
these
controlled
through
physicochemical
input
parameters
is
not
yet
well
understood.
In
our
work,
a
two-state
chemical
reaction
and
subsequent
droplet
growth
decay
are
modeled
with
reactive
Brownian
dynamics
simulation
in
two
spatial
dimensions.
model,
particles
that
activated
via
consumption
fuel
become
attractive
accumulate
into
droplets.
A
local-density-dependent
distinction
droplet's
'internal'
'external'
allows
for
structural
feedback
giving
further
control
over
deactivation
process.
shows
only
external
slows
down
stabilizes
droplets,
whereas
internal
lead
to
temporary
encapsulation
deactivated
(in
nonequilibrium
'core–shell'
structures)
where
serve
as
an
outer
shell.
Additionally,
role
hydrophobicity
resembled
attraction
energy
ε
dependency
formation
on
various
investigated.
For
example,
high
finite-size
crystalline
while
other
parameter
choices
indicate
bimodal
size
distributions
at
specific
times.
Similarities
differences
related
experiments
discussed.
Язык: Английский
Complex dynamics in reaction-phase separation systems
Physical review. E,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
111(2)
Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025
We
investigate
the
emergence
of
sustained
spatiotemporal
behaviors
in
reaction-phase
separation
systems.
focus
on
binary
systems,
which
either
one
or
both
species
can
phase
separate,
and
we
discuss
stability
homogeneous
state
determining
conditions
for
a
Hopf-type
bifurcation.
then
examine
effects
specific
autocatalytic
chemical
reaction,
computationally
determine
full
solutions
to
partial
differential
equations.
find
that
when
pulsed
dynamics
arise
dimension.
When
considered
two
dimensions,
system
generates
persistent,
complex
dynamic
droplets,
do
not
generally
appear
if
only
separate.
finally
with
features,
be
understood
using
framework
cellular
automata.
Язык: Английский
Chemically active wetting
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
122(15)
Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2025
Wetting
of
liquid
droplets
on
passive
surfaces
is
ubiquitous
in
our
daily
lives,
and
the
governing
physical
laws
are
well
understood.
When
become
active,
however,
wetting
remain
elusive.
Here,
we
propose
chemically
active
as
a
class
systems
where
surface
due
to
binding
process
that
maintained
away
from
equilibrium.
We
derive
corresponding
nonequilibrium
thermodynamic
theory
show
fundamentally
changes
behavior,
leading
steady,
states
with
droplet
shapes
reminiscent
pancake
or
mushroom.
The
origin
such
anomalous
can
be
explained
by
mapping
electrostatics,
pairs
sinks
sources
correspond
electrostatic
dipoles
along
triple
line.
This
an
example
more
general
analogy,
localized
chemical
activity
gives
rise
multipole
field
potential.
underlying
physics
relevant
for
cells,
droplet-forming
proteins
bind
membranes
accompanied
turnover
biological
fuels.
Язык: Английский
Active RNA synthesis patterns nuclear condensates
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Окт. 13, 2024
Biomolecular
condensates
are
membraneless
compartments
that
organize
biochemical
processes
in
cells.
In
contrast
to
well-understood
mechanisms
describing
how
form
and
dissolve,
the
principles
underlying
condensate
patterning
-
including
their
size,
number
spacing
cell
remain
largely
unknown.
We
hypothesized
RNA,
a
key
regulator
of
formation
dissolution,
influences
patterning.
Using
nucleolar
fibrillar
centers
(FCs)
as
model
condensate,
we
found
inhibiting
ribosomal
RNA
synthesis
significantly
alters
FCs.
Physical
theory
experimental
observations
support
whereby
active
generates
non-equilibrium
state
arrests
coarsening
thus
contributes
Altering
FC
by
expression
component
TCOF1
impairs
processing,
linking
biological
function.
These
results
reveal
states
driven
chemical
regulate
patterning,
which
is
important
for
cellular
biochemistry
Язык: Английский
Anomalous Fluctuations in a Droplet of Chemically Active Colloids or Enzymes
Physical Review Letters,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
133(5)
Опубликована: Июль 30, 2024
Chemically
active
colloids
or
enzymes
cluster
into
dense
droplets
driven
by
their
phoretic
response
to
collectively
generated
chemical
gradients.
Employing
Brownian
dynamics
simulation
techniques,
our
study
of
the
such
a
chemically
droplet
uncovers
rich
variety
structures
and
dynamical
properties,
including
full
range
fluidlike
solidlike
behavior,
non-Gaussian
positional
fluctuations.
Our
work
sheds
light
on
complex
constituents
metabolic
clusters,
which
are
main
drivers
nonequilibrium
activity
in
living
systems.
Язык: Английский
Polarised crowd in motion: Insights into statistical and dynamical behavior
Pratikshya Jena,
Shradha Mishra
Research Square (Research Square),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2024
Abstract
The
collection
of
active
agents
often
exhibits
intriguing
statistical
and
dynamical
properties,
particularly
when
consid-
ering
human
crowds.
In
this
study,
we
have
developed
a
computational
model
to
simulate
the
recent
experiment
on
real
marathon
races
by
Bain
et
al.,
[Science
363,
46–49
(2019)].
Our
primary
goal
is
investigate
impact
race
staff
crowd
dynamics.
By
comparing
simulated
with
without
presence
staff,
our
study
reveals
that
local
velocity
density
participants
display
wave
pattern
akin
for
both
cases.
observed
traveling
in
consistently
propagates
at
constant
speed,
regardless
system
size
under
eration.
participants’
dynamics
longitudinal
direction
primarily
contribute
fluctuations,
while
fluctuations
transverse
are
suppressed.
absence
weaken
significantly
affecting
other
dynamic
characteristics
crowd.
Through
research,
aim
deepen
understanding
motion,
providing
insights
can
inform
development
effective
management
strategies
successful
control
such
events.
Язык: Английский
Nonequilibrium phases of a biomolecular condensate facilitated by enzyme activity
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2024
Abstract
Biomolecular
condensates
represent
a
frontier
in
cellular
organization,
existing
as
dynamic
materials
driven
out
of
equilibrium
by
active
processes.
Here
we
explore
mechanisms
condensate
regulation
examining
the
interplay
between
DEAD-box
helicase
activity
and
RNA
base-pairing
interactions
within
ribonucleoprotein
condensates.
We
demonstrate
how
ATP-dependent
helicases—a
key
class
enzymes
regulation—acts
nonequilibrium
driver
properties
through
continuous
remodeling
interactions.
By
combining
LAF-1
with
designer
hairpin
concatemer,
unveil
complex
landscape
behaviors,
including
time-dependent
alterations
partitioning,
evolving
morphologies,
shifting
dynamics.
Importantly,
reveal
an
antagonistic
relationship
secondary
structure
which
promotes
homogeneity
via
steady
state.
elucidating
these
mechanisms,
gain
deeper
understanding
organization
expand
potential
for
synthetic
systems.
Язык: Английский