Population-Based Disease Odds for E-Cigarettes and Dual Use versus Cigarettes

NEJM Evidence, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 3(3)

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2024

BACKGROUND: E-cigarettes are promoted as less harmful than cigarettes. There has not been a direct comparison of health effects e-cigarettes or dual use (concurrently using and cigarettes) with those cigarettes in the general population. METHODS: Studies PubMed, EMBASE, Web Science, PsychINFO published through October 1, 2023, were pooled random-effects meta-analysis if five more studies identified disease outcome. We assessed risk bias Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Exposure certainty Grading Recommendations, Assessment, Development, Evaluations. Outcomes fewer summarized but pooled. RESULTS: 124 odds ratios (94 cross-sectional 30 longitudinal) from 107 studies. Pooled for current e-cigarette versus cigarette different cardiovascular (odds ratio, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.58 to 1.14), stroke (0.73; 0.47 1.13), metabolic dysfunction (0.99; 0.91 1.09) lower asthma (0.84; 0.74 0.95), chronic obstructive pulmonary (0.53; 0.38 0.74), oral (0.87; 0.76 1.00). increased all outcomes (range, 1.20 1.41). compared nonuse either product (e-cigarette range, 1.24 1.47; use, 1.49 3.29). All included having low bias. Results generally sensitive study characteristics. Limited other suggest that is associated additional diseases. CONCLUSIONS: need reassess assumption provides substantial harm reduction across cigarette-caused diseases, particularly accounting use.

Язык: Английский

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The prevalence of xerostomia among e-cigarette or combustible tobacco users: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Tobacco Induced Diseases, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(February), С. 1 - 11

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2023

This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of xerostomia in a healthy population with e-cigarettes and/or combustible tobacco.The following electronic databases were searched: Web Science, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal (VIP), Wan-Fang Database, from 1 January 2000 20 October 2022. The language was limited English. data analyzed using Stata 15.0, different smokers is reported.A total 14 studies included, sample size 6827 cases. overall 26% (95% CI: 18-35). In tobacco population, 24% 21-17), while among e-cigarette users it 33% 18-48).Current evidence suggests that high smoking populations. These findings are restricted by number quality included need be validated additional high-quality studies.

Язык: Английский

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The risk profile of electronic nicotine delivery systems, compared to traditional cigarettes, on oral disease: a review

Frontiers in Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11

Опубликована: Май 15, 2023

The use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) has exploded, especially among teenagers and new smokers, amid widespread awareness the dangers traditional tobacco restrictions on smoking. However, risk effects ENDS physical health, oral are still ambiguous. purpose this study was to review available evidence risks compares differences between cigarettes. For heavy transferring addiction can be less harmful periodontal condition health but is not completely without risk. components vapor have cytotoxic, genotoxic, carcinogenic properties, its usage may associated with a wide range sequelae. chemicals in increase susceptibility tooth decay, disease, peri-implant, mucosal lesions. Nicotine aerosols from potential factor for cancer due presence components. Compared smoking cigarettes, harm underestimated reduced ability control vaping behavior, ease access, fewer area restrictions, better taste. Currently, suggests that safer alternative products. Though most symptoms experienced by users relatively mild temporary compared exist. further research longer follow-up periods required establish long-term safety ENDS.

Язык: Английский

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Evaluation of Oral Mucosal Lesions in Iranian Smokers and Non-smokers

Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 27(4), С. 467 - 474

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

A BSTRACT Background: Tobacco smoking statistics are alarming and the oral mucosa is first human part of body that exposed to toxic substances smoking. Aims: Considering high prevalence rate tobacco-associated problems in cavity few studies on Iranian population regarding effects cavity, this study aimed evaluate relationship between lesions population. Materials Methods: Observational study. In observational study, cavities 200 participants (smokers = 100 non-smokers 100) were examined by a trained dental student under supervision an maxillofacial medicine expert, presence coated tongue, leukoedema, leukoplakia, smoker’s palate, melanosis, erythroplakia, frictional hyperkeratosis, acute pseudomembranous candidiasis, erythematous candidiasis recorded. Xerostomia was evaluated based participants’ self-reporting through questionnaire. All data analyzed using T-test, Chi-square test, odd ratio, 95% confidence interval, Fisher’s exact Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Results: The results showed significantly associated with increased risk tongue (OR: 1.80, CI: 1.32-3.54, P 0.005), melanosis 6.176, 3.28-11.62, 0.00002), hyperkeratosis 1.33, 0.68-2.60, 0.005). However, no significant association observed leukoedema 1, 0.51-1.94, 1). None presented candidiasis. Conclusions: This study’s smokers exhibited greater chance developing compared non-smokers.

Язык: Английский

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Biomarkers of improved health outcomes after smoking cessation

Addiction Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 5, С. 100054 - 100054

Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2022

Cigarette smoking remains as a major preventable cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. Smoking causes many diseases use tobacco products is known to have detrimental effects on user, leading causation numerous adverse health outcomes. Evaluation user's risk following cessation has shown vary with affected organ, reflecting temporal dynamics underlying disease processes. The potential utility biomarkers for can provide measure damage from impact organs after products. For this review we focus three common sets which there are improved within relatively short period time cessation: cardiovascular (CVD), chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD), oral disease. each set diseases, an overview including burden epidemiology; discussion process/pathogenesis; examples their application; future directions.

Язык: Английский

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Volatile sulfur compounds, biofilm, and salivary parameters in patients with periodontal disease: a cross-sectional study

Odontology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Efficacy of natural enzymes mouthwash: a randomised controlled trial

Clinical Oral Investigations, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 28(5)

Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The Prevalence Of Xerostomia In A Group Of Turkish Patients Using An Online Survey During COVID-19 Pandemic

Authorea (Authorea), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2024

Objectives: Xerostomia is defined as the subjective feeling of dry mouth. It a condition that affects millions patients worldwide. The aim was to study prevalence and severity self-reported xerostomia by sociodemographic variables evaluate halitosis, burning mouth, mouth sores. Methods: A questionnaire regarding data 11-item Inventory delivered patients, 20-65 years age applied XXXX University Faculty Dentistry for dental treatment before COVID-19 pandemic. Statistical analyses were performed determine relationships between presence other such age, gender, systemic disease, medication use, smoking, alcohol consumption, use removable prostheses. Results: total 300 included in study; 54.6% identified. significant relationship found ( p = 0.023; 0.001). decreased increased. more common female 0.028; 0.004). be high, not only elderly, but also younger adults. Conclusion: reported approximately one two an adult Turkish population. Factors associated with gender number cigarettes smoked per day. In this study, high due smoking.

Язык: Английский

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Prevalence of Xerostomia and Hyposalivation Among Individuals Attending Oral Cancer Screening in Thailand: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(3), С. 233 - 242

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

A bstract Aim: It has been speculated that the prevalence of xerostomia and hyposalivation might be higher among individuals attending oral cancer screening than members general population. Therefore, this study investigated these conditions their associated factors taking part in residing northeastern provinces Thailand. Materials Methods: This cross-sectional recruited convenient aged ≥40 years with at least one risk factor. In total, 561 participants were included. Demographic characteristics relevant recorded. questionnaire comprising five items was used to assess xerostomia. Participants then categorized into two groups based on absence or presence Subsequently, stimulated salivary flow rate assessed using spitting technique identify hyposalivation. separated depending Univariate multivariate logistic regression analyses performed Results: The mean age 65.62 ± 9.70 years, approximately 60% post-menopausal women. 43.85%, 61.50%. revealed ≥65 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.57, P 0.02) burning sensation mouth (OR 5.36, < 0.001) strongly Female more likely exhibit 2.38, 0.001). Oral not Conclusions: study, identified as for xerostomia, whereas female sex a factor Dentists should aware both conditions. Various interventions alleviate dry symptoms useful factors.

Язык: Английский

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Xerostomia in a Group of Turkish Patients Using an Online Survey During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Cureus, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июль 19, 2024

Background Xerostomia is defined as the subjective feeling of dry mouth and affects millions patients worldwide. Most studies are based on samples elderly in nursing homes. This study aimed to investigate presence xerostomia severity self-reported by sociodemographic variables evaluate symptoms (self-reported halitosis, burning mouth, sores) young adults. Methodology A questionnaire regarding data 11-item Inventory was delivered aged 20-65 years who applied Ankara University Faculty Dentistry for dental treatment before COVID-19 pandemic. Statistical analyses were performed determine relationships between other such age, gender, a systemic disease, medication use, smoking, alcohol consumption, use removable prostheses. Results total 300 included study. 54.6% (164 patients) identified. significant relationship found age (p = 0.023; p 0.001). The decreased increased. more common female 0.028; 0.004). be high, not only but also younger Conclusions sheds light current status, symptoms, etiology population Turkey. Factors associated with number cigarettes smoked per day. In this study, high due smoking.

Язык: Английский

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