Dysfunction of Inflammatory Pathways and Their Relationship with Anti-Hypothalamic Autoantibodies in Patients with Anorexia Nervosa

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(9), С. 2199 - 2199

Опубликована: Май 5, 2023

Background: Despite several attempts, the etiopathogenesis of anorexia nervosa (AN) is still unknown. However, activation immune response in neuropsychiatric diseases, including AN, increasingly evident. We aimed to explore parameters patients with AN and identify link between presence specific autoantibodies for hypothalamic antigens inflammatory response. The relationship markers duration disease has been also investigated. Methods: Twenty-two were included, none under psychopharmacological treatment or suffering from autoimmune conditions. Serum concentrations interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, transforming growth (TGF)-β, IL-21 determined by ELISA kits. In addition, against are quantitatively evaluated. Results: IL-6, IL-1 β, TNF-α, TGF-β significantly increased AN. A positive correlation body mass index amount autoantibody exists. Notably, a progressive reduction cytokines correlates progression blood negatively concentrations. Conclusions: This study shows that pro-inflammatory phenotype affected concentration antigens. Of interest, state seems be reduced could work as stimulant response, thus possibly increasing autoreactivity.

Язык: Английский

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Anorexia Nervosa in Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): A Causality Dilemma

Children, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10(4), С. 697 - 697

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2023

Juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE) is an autoimmune disorder with multifaceted clinical findings in different organ systems. Neuropsychiatric manifestations affect more than half of SLE patients, and there increasing evidence that anorexia nervosa (AN), a feeding eating (FED) characterized by significantly reduced energy intake, among them. Herein, review the literature on potential association between jSLE AN was performed. Reported cases were identified, putative pathophysiological mechanisms sought could potentially explain observed relationship these two pathological entities. Four reports isolated case series including seven patients identified. In this limited patient pool, diagnosis preceded majority cases, whereas all both entities diagnosed within time span years. Many explanations for relationships have been proposed. has associated stress chronic disease diagnosis; other hand, inflammation may contribute to development/appearance SLE. Adverse childhood experiences, concentrations leptin, shared autoantibodies, genetic traits appear be important factors well-established interplay. essence, it seems increase clinician awareness concomitant development invite further research subject.

Язык: Английский

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Anorexia nervosa in children and adolescents: an early detection of risk factors

˜The œItalian Journal of Pediatrics/Italian journal of pediatrics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 50(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2024

Abstract The incidence of eating disorders in children, mainly anorexia nervosa, is dramatically increased the last years. A timely identification disease associated with higher rates recovery. Aim work to underline signs and symptoms that can be used an early detection nervosa pediatric age. scoping review has been conducted by Italian Pediatric Society Adolescent Study Group according PRISMA Extension guidelines for Scoping Reviews, using search term “anorexia nervosa” following filters “review”, “systematic review”, “age 0–18”, “last 4 years”. strategy produced 657 studies, which 52 were included this revision. Screening red flags discussed 23 reports, genetics 12, neurological pathways 11, environmental factors 10, gut microbiota 7. An accurate physiological pathological anamnesis, physical psychological examination, including body perception, should taken account as well presence co-morbidities, chronic functional abdominal pain autoimmune/autoinflammatory diseases. Evidence suggests role familiar predisposition morphology pathway development. Gut also among possible risk factor developing due a complex direct indirect interactions between brain. performing familial personal evaluation exam auxological parameters screening tool during checks better explore nervosa.

Язык: Английский

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Clinical characterization of Co-morbid autoimmune disease and eating disorders: a retrospective chart review

Eating Disorders, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 32(4), С. 353 - 368

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024

Research suggests a link between autoimmune illnesses (AI) and eating disorders (ED). We retrospectively reviewed charts of adolescent patients presenting for disorder treatment. compared the presentation treatment course those with an ED comorbid AI [with (GI-AI, N = 59) or without (non-GI, 21) gastrointestinal inflammation] matched ED-only cases. The sample was overwhelmingly female, average age 15.40. Weight gain trajectories differed across groups, similar rates weight controls non GI-AI cases lower rate individuals GI-AI. Over half (56%) reported diagnosis prior to ED; 38% following ED, 6% simultaneous diagnosis. On presentation, had higher anxiety than in either group, while non-GI were more likely report depression. Mean total GI symptoms, % goal at vital sign instability, markers refeeding syndrome did not differ groups. Health care professionals treating condition should have low threshold asking additional questions identify presence other condition.

Язык: Английский

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Association of mental disorders with sepsis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

Frontiers in Public Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12

Опубликована: Май 17, 2024

Background Substantial research evidence supports the correlation between mental disorders and sepsis. Nevertheless, causal connection a particular psychological disorder sepsis remains unclear. Methods For investigating relationships sepsis, genetic variants correlated with disorders, including anorexia nervosa (AN), attention-deficit hyperactivity (ADHD), autism spectrum (ASD), bipolar (BD), major depressive (MDD), obsessive-compulsive (OCD), panic (PD), posttraumatic stress (PTSD), schizophrenia (SCZ), tourette syndrome (TS), were all extracted from Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC). The estimates direction these evaluated employing two-sample bidirectional MR strategy. inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was primary approach utilized. Various sensitivity analyses performed to confirm validity of effect. Meta-analysis, multivariable MR, mediation conducted ensure credibility depth this research. Results presence AN in relation greater likelihood (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02–1.14; p = 0.013). A meta-analysis validation cohorts supported observation 1.06, 1.02–1.09). None investigated appeared be impacted when set as exposure factor. Even after adjusting for confounding factors, remained statistically significant 1.02–1.15; Mediation analysis indicated N-formylmethionine levels (with mediated proportion 7.47%), cystatin D (2.97%), ketogluconate Metabolism (17.41%) N10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis (20.06%) might serve mediators pathogenesis AN-sepsis. Conclusion At gene prediction level, revealed that had association an increased In addition, levels, metabolism may function potential pathophysiology Our contribute investigation novel therapeutic strategies illness

Язык: Английский

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Anorexia nervosa and systemic lupus erythematosus: a coincidence?

International Journal of Surgery Global Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 7(3)

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Introduction and importance: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a post-acute syndrome that can persist for an extended period. correlation between anorexia nervosa (AN) some autoimmune diseases been reported. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is systemic disease, presented with different clinical ions periods, affecting all ages, especially females. coexistence of SLE AN reported in rare cases. authors present the case 22-year-old male severe coexisting SLE. Case presentation: We diagnosed He also completely refused eat drink behavioral disorders suicidal thoughts. was on 200 mg/day oral hydroxychloroquine, 400 units/day vitamin D, 1000 calcium. There no positive other history, trauma, drug addiction, or family history. according ICD-10 DSM-V. Physical examination revealed decreased subcutaneous tissue muscle atrophy. weight patient 35.3 kg. Verbal contact maintained, psychotic symptoms were not observed. Tenderness joints noticed, while swelling both knees right ankle found. Laboratory tests elevated inflammatory markers. Treatment includes high-calorie diet administered by feeding tube. began gain after 3 months. remission till now January 2024. Clinical discussion: novelty our it young adult man during mild lupus, who responded well treatment steroids diet. Conclusions: Previous research suggested existence close link food eating disturbance autoimmunity, herein we provide further evidence support this relationship presenting report AN.

Язык: Английский

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Complementary and Integrative Medicine and Eating Disorders in Youth: Traditional Yoga, Virtual Reality, Light Therapy, Neurofeedback, Acupuncture, Energy Psychology Techniques, Art Therapies, and Spirituality

Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 32(2), С. 421 - 450

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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The Association between Blood SIRT1 and Ghrelin, Leptin, and Antibody Anti-Hypothalamus: A Comparison in Normal Weight and Anorexia Nervosa

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(6), С. 928 - 928

Опубликована: Май 31, 2023

Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a sensor of cell energy availability, regulating metabolic homeostasis as well leptin and ghrelin, it could be considered potential plasmatic marker. The aim this study was to assess whether circulating SIRT1 varies consistently with leptin, body mass index (BMI), IgG reactive hypothalamic antigens in anorexia nervosa (AN). Fifty-four subjects were evaluated: 32 AN 22 normal-weight control subjects. Serum levels SIRT1, evaluated by ELISA. Results showed that serum increased patients AN, the amount decreased relation duration illness. concentration approaches values obtained for group, although difference still statistically significant. A negative correlation between or BMI has been found. On contrary, positive ghrelin specific reported. These findings suggest peripheral evaluation possible clinical/biochemical parameter related AN. In addition, we can assume autoantibody production may correlate intensity/severity Thus, reducing autoantibodies cells sign improvement clinical condition.

Язык: Английский

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Case report: Rapid improvements of anorexia nervosa and probable myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome upon metreleptin treatment during two dosing episodes

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2023

A comorbidity of anorexia nervosa (AN) and myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME/CSF) is uncommon. 17 years-old male adolescent with possible onset ME/CFS after an Epstein Barr Virus infection (EBV) later AN during a second period weight loss was twice treated off-label metreleptin for 15 11 days, respectively. As in previous cases, eating disorder specific cognitions mood improved. Interestingly, fatigue post-exertional muscle pain (P-EMP) improved, too. We discuss potential mechanisms. Treatment may prove beneficial ME/CSF associated substantial loss.

Язык: Английский

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Contemporaneous onset of systemic lupus erythematosus and severe eating disorder; neither the chicken nor the egg

Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 60(2-3), С. 67 - 68

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

A 14-year-old girl was referred to us with a provisional diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Six months earlier, she had presented emergency fever and swollen right knee. Arthrocentesis revealed an inflammatory aspirate (white cell count 38 400/mL) without bacterial growth. No specific treatment given. In the ensuing months, weight loss noted. She denied diminution in appetite her parents said been maintaining normal eating habits. also reported lethargy hair loss. There no rash, arthralgia or altered bowel habits, but noted regression secondary sexual characteristics, which begun by age 13. Her father seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. At presentation, (31.6 kg) body mass index (11.9 kg/m2), were below first centile. diffuse consistent telogen effluvium. The examination otherwise unremarkable. Anti-nuclear antibody titre 1:1280, anti-double stranded DNA 36 IU/mL (<7) extractable nuclear antigens positive against Ro52/60 ribosomal P protein. Serum complement C3 normal, C4 0.14 g/L (0.15–0.57). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate 64 mm/h C-reactive protein 2.3 mg/L. Urine negative for dysmorphic cells. Peripheral blood flow cytometry demonstrated increased low-density granulocytes compared healthy donor. Diagnosis SLE severe malnutrition made. Because severity loss, admitted hospital enteral feeding further investigations. Malabsorptive disorders including disease thought be unlikely based on coeliac serology, small ultrasound 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. Dietetic clinical psychology assessment disclosed significant anxiety around school, bodyweight types food. avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (AFRID–DSM IV (Diagnostic Statistical Manual Mental Disorders IV)) Magnetic resonance imaging brain incidentally bilateral parotid gland swelling Schirmer's test showed reduced tear production (10 mm wetting at 5 min). Both abnormalities attributed due (ED) causing Sjogren's syndrome-like changes. Cerebrospinal fluid analyses normal. Neuropsychiatric (NP) did not disclose any features CNS lupus. Enteral continued. commenced prednisone 12.5 mg (0.4 mg/kg) hydroxychloroquine 200 ongoing input. general well-being, markers improved. 3 follow-up, improved 39.3 kg 15.3 (4th percentile). causal relationship between ED temporal proximity has proposed three previous reports, involving nine individual patients. cases, postulated mechanism that reaction disturbed image brought corticosteroid therapy, resolution following improvement Cushingoid other six cases from Toronto Children's hospital, onset preceded (median 19.4 months) NP manifestation SLE.1 Up half patients develop involvement during course their disease, mostly years.2 Although recognised component since Kaposi's report 18753 research hampered absence clear definitions NP-SLE (NP lupus). EDs, unlike mood disorders, specified standardised nomenclature case 19 syndromes endorsed American College Rheumatology.4 Attempts rules identify events have led development validated algorithm, allows identification sensitivity 87.9% specificity 82.6%.5 Application algorithm indicated likelihood being part our patient more than 90%. However, time state extreme starvation, necessitating careful evaluation determine whether components associated symptoms such as sicca, starvation illness – SLE. link autoimmunity EDs suggested epidemiological genetic grounds6 bidirectional proposed.7 Hedman et al. explored Swedish health registry evidence autoimmune disorders. risk pattern observed women presence third mediating variable.8 problems patient, strongly supports this possibility. 13 when developed SLE, going through major physiological, emotional social stresses. started characteristics just moved primary high transition found challenging. Adolescence its attendant hormonal changes, potential issues stresses peer interactions are factors whereas changes implicated autoantibody profile, close application all point NP-SLE. despite comprehensive efforts magnetic imaging, CSF analysis psychometric testing, we could findings corroborate this. Rather suggestions NP-SLE1 postulate shared elements related adolescence acted "third factor" both disorders.8 differentiation is important risk.2 Contemporaneous adolescence. Open access publishing facilitated University Newcastle, Wiley - Newcastle agreement via Council Australian Librarians.

Язык: Английский

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